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polio eradication surveillance in sri Lanka,2019-2023

Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： M.A.Y.Fernando N.s.Madarasinghe C.rangana N.Weerasinghe d.C.U.d.Weligamage J.I.Abeynayake department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Medical research Institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from January,2019 to May,2023 by the polio regional reference Laboratory,sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool samples received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFp)and immunodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VdpV)surveillance at polio regional reference Laboratory,sri Lanka from January,2019 to May,*** results of the testing methodologies were extracted from the laboratory data system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VdpV real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(ITd/VdpV rrTpCr)and.sequencing,along with the data on timing of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using d.scriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received for AFp surveillance from sri Lanka(93.61%),Maldives(1.52%),and immunodeficient VdpV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while sabin-like 3 virus was detected in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VdpVs were not detected among the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFp detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as.p.r global ***:The polio regional reference Laboratory,sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VdpV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： poliovirus polio laboratory surveillance regional reference laboratory polio eradication

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does community-based health insurance affect lifestyle and timing of treatment seeking behavior?Evidence from Ethiopia

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Global Health Journal 2024年第2期8卷 83-90页

作者： Zecharias Fetene Anteneh Anagaw d.Mebratie Zemzem shigute Getnet Alemu Arjun s.Bedi Center for Health Economics University of YorkYorkUnited Kingdom school of public Health College of Health SciencesAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia International Institute of social studies Erasmus University Rotterdamthe Haguethe Netherlands Institute of development and policy research Addis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia

Objectives This.p.per aims to investigate the effects of enrollment in the Ethiopian community-based health insurance(CBHI)scheme on household preventive care activities and the timing of treatment-seeking behavior for illness *** is growing concern about the financial sustainability of CBHI schemes in developing ***,few empirical studies have identified potential contributors,including ex-ante and ex-post moral *** We implement a household fixed-effect panel data regression model,drawing on three rounds of household.survey data collected face to face in d.stricts where CBHI scheme is operational and in d.stricts where it is not operational in *** The findings show that enrolment in CBHI does not significantly influence household behaviour regarding preventive care activities such as water treatment before drinking and handwashing before ***,CBHI significantly increases delay in treatment-seeking behaviour for d.seases ***,on average,we estimate about 4-6 h delay for malaria symptoms,a little above 4 h for tetanus,and 10-11 h for tuberculosis among the insured *** While there is evidence that CBHI improve the utilization of outpatient or primary care services,our study suggests that insured members may wait longer before visiting health *** delay could be partly due to moral hazard problems,as insured households.p.rticularly those from rural areas,may consider the opportunity costs associated with visiting health facilities for minor ***,it is essential to identify the primary causes of delays in seeking medical services and implement appropriate interventions to encourage insured individuals to seek early medical attention.

关键词： Community-based health insurance Financial sustainability preventive care Treatment-seeking behavior Household fixed effect Ethiopia

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Effect of biochar on the metabolome of soybean seedlings

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Oil Crop science 2024年第1期9卷 60-68页

作者： Nathalia E.silva Mariana G.Aguilar Osania E.Ferreira Gleicia M.paulino Jaqueline C.L.Carvalho Lúcia p.s.p.menta Alan r.T.Machado programa de pos-graduaçao em Ciencias ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisFrutalMinas Gerais38202-436Brazil departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBelo Horizonte31270-901Brazil departamento de Engenharia Aplicada e Tecnologias ambientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil departamento de Ciencias Exatas Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil

The use of biochar can have several effects on plant germination,depending on raw material,preparation method and application ***,the molecular mechanisms that lead to those results have yet to be *** aim of this research was to improve the understanding of these mechanisms by characterizing the metabolic effects of sugarcane bagasse biochar on soybean *** types of biochars were prepared by pyrolysis at 300℃(sCB300),400℃(sCB400)and 600℃(sCB600).Then,each one was mixed into sand at 1%,3%,5%(w/w)d.se,*** experiment was.p.rformed in 8 days of incubation,when the number of germinated.seeds and the average radicle length were *** evaluate the metabolome,the dry biomass(dB)was subjected to extraction with a mixture of methanol-d4 and d2O(1:1 v/v).The extracts were submitted to metabolomics analysis by proton Nuclear Magnetic *** relative Germination,relative Average radicle Growth and Germination Index increased in all treatments compared to *** the other hand,the dB increased in all treatments,except for sCB300,at d.ses of 1%and 3%w/*** metabolites(alanine,asparagine,acetic acid,citric acid,glycerol,fatty acids and.sucrose)were identified and quantified in dB extracts as the most influential finding for the s.p.ration of *** together,these results strongly suggested that biochars accelerated the catabolism of triacylglycerols to sucrose and induced a slight osmotic stress.

关键词： Germination Metabolomics 1H NMr pyrolysis sugarcane bagasse

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Effect of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles on bioactivity,composition,structure,in vitro and in vivo behavior of pEO coatings on Mg-alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2360-2379页

作者： d.V.Mashtalyar I.M.Imshinetskiy V.V.Kashepa K.V.Nadaraia M.A.piatkova A.I.pleshkova K.A.Fomenko A.Yu.Ustinov s.L.sinebryukhov s.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University Vladivostok690950Russia regional Clinical dermatovenerological d.spensary Vladivostok690033Russia

The present study investigates the physical and chemical characteristics,behavior in vitro and in vivo,and biocompatibility of coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5),which are obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation(pEO)on MA8 magnesium *** obtained coatings demonstrate in vivo biocompatibility and in vitro *** to the base pEO coating,the layers containing Ta_(2)O_(5)facilitate the development of apatite in simulated body fluid.suggesting that the inclusion of nanoparticles improves bioactivity of the *** was found that incorporation of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles increases roughness and porosity of the formed layers by increasing particle concentration in electrolytes for the pEO process contributing to sufficient soft tissue ingrowth in *** on in vivo studies,these coatings also provide favorable tissue response and minimal inflammatory reaction in comparison with the bare magnesium alloy due to protection of living tissues from deleterious corrosion events of magnesium implant such as local alkalization and intense hydrogen *** results obtained in the present study concluded biocompatibility,tissue integration of the pEO coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles making them a promising protective layer for biodegradable magnesium implants.

关键词： plasma electrolytic oxidation Bioactive coatings Tantalum pentoxide simulated body fluid.sBF) Apatite formation Histology

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Fuzzy difference Equations in diagnoses of Glaucoma from retinal Images Using deep Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第4期139卷 801-816页

作者： d.dorathy prema Kavitha L.Francis raj sandeep Kautish Abdulaziz s.Almazyad Karam M.sallam Ali Wagdy Mohamed department of Mathematics Voorhees CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia Chandigarh Group of Colleges JhanjeriMohaliPunjabIndia department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Faculty of science and Technology School of IT and SystemsUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia Operations research department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied.science research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

The intuitive fuzzy set has found important application in decision-making and machine *** enrich and utilize the intuitive fuzzy set,this study d.signed and developed a deep neural network-based glaucoma eye detection using fuzzy difference equations in the domain where the retinal images *** image detections are categorized as normal eye recognition,suspected glaucomatous eye recognition,and glaucomatous eye *** degrees associated with weighted values are calculated to determine the level of concentration between the fuzzy partition and the retinal *** proposed model was used to diagnose glaucoma using retinal images and involved utilizing the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and deep learning to identify the fuzzy weighted regularization between *** methodology was used to clarify the input images and make them adequate for the process of glaucoma *** objective of this study was to propose a novel approach to the early diagnosis of glaucoma using the Fuzzy Expert system(FEs)and Fuzzy differential equation(FdE).The intensities of the different regions in the images and their respective peak levels were *** the peak regions were identified,the recurrence relationships among those peaks were then *** partitioning was done due to varying degrees of similar and d.ssimilar concentrations in the *** and d.ssimilar concentration levels and.spatial frequency generated a threshold image from the combined fuzzy matrix and *** d.stinguished between a normal and abnormal eye condition,thus detecting patients with glaucomatous eyes.

关键词： Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) glaucomatous eyes fuzzy difference equation intuitive fuzzy sets image segmentation retinal images

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development and application of feature engineered geological layers for ranking magmatic,volcanogenic,and orogenic system components in Archean greenstone belts

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 251-273页

作者： r.M.Montsion s.p.rrouty M.d.Lindsay M.W.Jessell r.sherlock Mineral Exploration research Centre Harquail School of Earth SciencesGoodman School of MinesLaurentian UniversitySudburyOntario P3E 2C6Canada Centre for Exploration Targeting School of Earth SciencesThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley 6009Australia Commonwealth scientific and Ind.strial research Organization Mineral Resources26 Dick Perry AveKensingtonWA 6151Australia ArC Centre for data Analytics for resources and Environments(dArE) Perth and SydneyAustralia

Geologically representative feature engineering is a crucial component in geoscientific applications of machine *** commonly applied feature engineering techniques used to produce input variables for machine learning apply geological knowledge to generic data science techniques,which can lead to ambiguity,geological oversimplification,and/or compounding subjective *** that utilize minimally processed input variables attempt to overcome these issues,but often lead to convoluted and uninterpretable *** address these challenges,new and enhanced feature engineering methods were developed by combining geological knowledge,understanding of data limitations,and a variety of data science *** include non-Euclidean fluid pre-deformation path d.stance,rheological and chemical contrast,geologically constrained interpolation of characteristic host rock geochemistry,interpolation of mobile element gain/loss,assemblages,magnetic intensity,structural complexity,host rock physical *** methods were applied to compiled open-source and new field observations from Archean greenstone terranes in the Abitibi and western Wabigoon sub-provinces of the s.p.rior province near Timmins and dryden,Ontario,*** feature maps represent conceptually significant components in magmatic,volcanogenic,and orogenic mineral systems.A comparison of ranked feature importance from random forests to conceptual mineral system models show that the feature maps adequately represent system components,with a few exceptions attributed to biased training data or limited constraint *** study also highlights the shared importance of several highly ranked features for the three mineral systems,indicating that spatially related mineral systems exploit the same features when *** feature importance when classifying orogenic Au mineralization in Timmins and dryden provid.s insights into the possible cause of contrasting endowment be

关键词： Machine learning random forests Mineral systems Magmatic Ni-Cu-pGE Volcanogenic Massive sulfide(VMs)Cu-Zn-pb-Ag(-Au) Orogenic Au Abitibi Wabigoon

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Thermo-kinetic characteristics on stabilizing hetero-phase interface of metal matrix composites by crystal plasticity finite element method

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 53-67页

作者： Y.B.Zhang s.J.song F.Liu state Key Laboratory of solidification processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Analytical&Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Using d.slocation-based constitutive modeling in three-dimension crystal plasticity finite element(3d CpFE)simulations,co-deformation and instability of hetero-phase interface in different material systems were herein studied for polycrystalline metal matrix composites(MMCs).Local stress and.strain fields in two types of 3layer MMCs such as fcc/fcc Cu-Ag and fcc/bcc Cu-Nb have been predicted under simple compressive ***,more severe strain-induced interface instability can be observed in the fcc/bcc systems than in the fcc/fcc systems upon refining to metallic nanolayered composites(MNCs).By detailed analysis of stress and.strain localization,it has been demonstrated that the interface instability is always accompanied by high-stress concentration,i.e.,thermodynamic characteristics,or high strain prevention i.e.,kinetic characteristics,at the hetero-phase *** then follows that the thermodynamic driving forceG and the kinetic energy barrier Q during d.slocation and.shear banding can be adopted to classify the deformation mod.s,following the so-called thermo-kinetic *** by inserting a high density of high-energy interfaces into the Cu-Nb composites,such thermo-kinetic integration at the hetero-phase interface allows a successful establishment of MMCs with the high△G-high Q deformation mode,which ensures high hardening and uniform strain d.stri-bution,thus efficiently s.p.ressing the shear band.stabilizing the hetero-phase interface,and obtaining an exceptional combination in strength and *** hetero-phase interface chosen by a couple of thermodynamics and kinetics can be defined as breaking the thermo-kinetic correlation and has been proposed for artificially d.signing MNCs.

关键词： Thermodynamics and kinetics physics-based constitutive modeling Hetero-phase interface Crystal plasticity finite element

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Liquid crystal immunosensors for the selective detection of Escherichia coli with a fast analysis tool

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photonics research 2024年第7期12卷 1564-1573页

作者： sANdrO C.OLIVEIrA MArIA s.sOArEs BÁrBArA V.GONÇALVEs ANdrEIA C.M.rOdrIGUEs amAdEU M.V.M.sOArEs rITA G.sOBrAL NUNO F.santos JAN NEdOMA pEdrO L.ALMEIdA CArLOs MArQUEs CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal i3N Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal CEsam-Centre for Environmental and Marine studies and department of Biology University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal department of Telecommunications VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic i3N-CENIMAT School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal UnIrE ISELPolytechnic Institute of Lisbon1549-020 LisbonPortugal department of physics VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic

The consumption of contaminated food may cause serious illnesses,and traditional methods to detect Escherichia coli are still associated with long waiting times and high costs given the necessity to transport samples to specialized *** is a need to develop new technologies that allow cheap,fast,and direct monitoring at the site of ***,in this work,we developed optical immunosensors for the selective detection of ***,based on liquid crystal technology,whose molecules can align in different manners depending on the boundary conditions (such as substrates) as well as the environment that they *** glass substrate was functionalized with *** antibody using cysteamine as an intermediate,and a vertical alignment was imposed on the liquid crystal molecules by using dMOAp during *** presence of bacteria d.srupts the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules,changing the intensity of light emerging between cross.p.larizers,measured using a polarized optical microscope and a *** was.p.ssible to detect *** in suspensions in the concentration range from 2.8 cells/mL to 2.8×10^(9) cells∕*** was also evaluated,and the sensors were used to analyze contaminated water samples.A prototype was developed to allow faster,in-situ,and easier analysis avoiding bulky instruments.

关键词： crystal alignment analysis

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棒与星系整体恒星形成性质关系的统计研究

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天文学进展 2024年第1期42卷 115-127页

作者：穆子豪沈世银 rafael s.de souza Ana L.Chies-santos 中国科学院上海天文台星系宇宙学重点实验室上海200030 中国科学院大学北京100049 星系和宇宙学半解析研究重点实验室上海200034 赫特福德大学天体物理研究中心英国哈特菲尔德学院巷AL109AB 南里奥格兰德州联邦大学科学研究所巴西阿雷格里港9500

盘状星系中的棒结构特征与星系自身所处环境及整体恒星形成特征之间存在复杂的相互关系。利用细致的星系形态特征测量计划Galaxy Zoo dECaLs中的数据构建了一组目前最大的具有同样恒星质量分布的强棒、弱棒和无棒星系样本。通过引入星... 详细信息

盘状星系中的棒结构特征与星系自身所处环境及整体恒星形成特征之间存在复杂的相互关系。利用细致的星系形态特征测量计划Galaxy Zoo dECaLs中的数据构建了一组目前最大的具有同样恒星质量分布的强棒、弱棒和无棒星系样本。通过引入星系所处暗晕质量及相空间特征来控制星系所处的环境效应之后,进一步对比研究强棒、弱棒和无棒星系的恒星形成特征。研究表明,有棒星系中的恒星形成熄灭的比例系统地高于无棒星系,且强棒的效应更为明显。但是,对于仍处于恒星形成主序上的星系来说,强棒、弱棒和无棒星系的恒星形成特征并没有显著差别。以上结果表明,星系中的棒特征在其存在的时标中可能使部分星系迅速地从恒星形成转入熄灭状态。

关键词：棒旋星系恒星形成环境

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prevalence of Gender-Based Violence among sex Workers in Bangui, Central African republic (CAr)

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Advances in sexual Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 13-20页

作者： d. Mossoro-Kpinde Hermione s. C. diemer Henri r. Tende Nzengou richard.s. siki Francis J. d. d. Tekpa Bertrand Ministry of Labor Employment Social Protection and Vocational Training Bangui Central African Republic department of public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Community of the Tree of Life Bangui Central African Republic Traumatology department The Central African Republic RCA Community Hospital Bangui Central African Republic

Background: Violence against women has become an international public health and human rights issue in recent decad.s. The violence suffered by sex workers is of little interest for research, yet it constitutes a major health and.safety problem. We propose to assess the extent of the phenomenon of gender-based violence (GBV) among sex workers (sWs) in the city of Bangui in the CAr. Methodology: This is a d.scriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study covering the period from July to October 2021 carried out among sWs in Bangui, the capital of the CAr. Given that the sWs association had only 159 members in Bangui, an exhaustive sampling was retained. Were included in the study, any sW present during the data collection period and having given their written consent. The parameters studied were socio-demographic characteristics: age, sex, residence, level of education, marital status, and characteristics linked to violence: the notion of violence during their professional activity, the type of violence, the declaration and the declaration if necessary, the response and management of this violence. The data collected was analyzed using Epi info version 7 software. results: Of the 159 sWs that counted the association, 108 had been included. The average age was 27.0 years with extremes of 14 and 46 years. The age groups of 25 to 34 years were the most represented (43.5%). Fifty-six sWs (51.9%) had reached the secondary level. Unemployed.sWs were in the majority at 74.1%;sixty-six (66) sWs in our sample (61.1%) had already been victims of violence during the exercise of their activity sexual violence was the most represented (28.5%) followed by verbal violence (22.4%). sixty-eight (62.9%) wanted to stop the professional activity of sWs and 93.1% would accept another income-generating activity in place of sex work. Conclusion: It is necessary to s.p.rvise sWs and protect them within the framework of respect for human rights, rather than criminalizing them and the exploit

关键词： Female sex Workers Gender-Based Violence Central African republic

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