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Effect of natural and synthetic antioxidants on oxidative stability of FAMEs obtained from hevea brasiliensis

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2013年第6期22卷 935-941页

作者： s.nivetha D.Vetha Roy Department of Chemistry and Research Centre Scott Christian College

Biodiesel(fatty acid alkyl esters),an alternate to fossil fuel,has the tendency of autoxidation and hence requires antioxidants for long term *** influence of synthetic and natural antioxidants on the oxidative stability was analysed for fresh FAMEs(fatty acid methyl esters)obtained from hevea brasiliensis at 140 *** activity was observed for synthetic antioxidants following the order of GA>BHT>DTBP>Q>GT-M>PH-M>GT-C,whereas the oxidative stability of stored FAMEs samples measured at 110 C reveals a nearly inverse *** stability was tested for the FAMEs obtained from hevea brasiliensis stored at 30 C,after addition of synthetic and natural antioxidants—butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT),2,6-di-tert-butylphenol(DTBP),quercetin(Q),gallic acid(GA),methanol extracts from green tea(GTM),pomegranate hull(PH-M),and chloroform extract of green tea(GT-C).Antioxidant activities above 1500 ppm was in the order of DTBP>BHT>GA>GT-C>GT-M>Q>*** antioxidants have been found more efficient to improve the storage stability of FAMEs obtained from hevea *** in particular has the highest protection factor.

关键词： hevea brasiliensis fatty acid methyl esters oxidative stability storage stability antioxidants

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Comparison of approaches to quantify sARs-CoV-2 in wastewater using RT-qPCR: Results and implications from a collaborative inter-laboratory study in Canada

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2021年第9期33卷 218-229页

作者： Alex H.s.Chik Melissa B.Glier Mark servos Chand s.Mangat Xiao-Li Pang Yuanyuan Qiu Patrick M.D’Aoust Jean-Baptiste Burnet Robert Delatolla sarah Dorner Qiudi Geng John P.Giesy Jr Robert Mike McKay Michael R.Mulvey Natalie Prystajecky nivetha srikanthan Yuwei Xie Bernadette Conant steve E.Hrudey Canadian sARs-CoV-Inter-Laboratory Consortium Consultant to Canadian Water Network Inc. KitchenerCanada Presently at Ontario Clean Water Agency MississaugaCanada Environmental Microbiology BC Centre for Disease ControlVancouverCanada Department of Biology University of WaterlooWaterlooCanada National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of CanadaWinnipegCanada Public Health Laboratory Alberta Precision LaboratoryEdmontonCanada Department of Laboratory Medicine&Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2G3Canada Faculty of Engineering University of OttawaOttawaCanada Département des génies civil géologique et des minesPolytechnique MontréalMontréalCanada Veterinary Biomedical sciences University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada Toxicology Centre University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research University of WindsorWindsorCanada Department of Medical Microbiology University of ManitobaWinnipegCanada Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada Canadian Water Network Inc. WaterlooCanada Group author details below

Detection of sARs-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater is a promising tool for informing public health decisions during the COVID-19 ***,approaches for its analysis by use of reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-q PCR)are still far from standardized *** characterize inter-and intra-laboratory variability among results when using various methods deployed across Canada,aliquots from a real wastewater sample were spiked with surrogates of sARs-CoV-2(gamma-radiation inactivated sARs-CoV-2 and human coronavirus strain 229E[HCoV-229E])at low and high levels then provided"blind"to eight *** estimates reported by individual laboratories were consistently within a 1.0-log_(10) range for aliquots of the same spiked *** laboratories distinguished between low-and high-spikes for both *** expected,greater variability was observed in the results amongst laboratories than within individual laboratories,but sARs-CoV-2 RNA concentration estimates for each spiked condition remained mostly within 1.0-log_(10) *** no-spike wastewater aliquots provided yielded non-detects or trace levels(s/mL)of sARs-CoV-2 *** appear linked to methods that included or focused on the solids fraction of the wastewater matrix and might represent in-situ sARs-CoV-2 to the wastewater ***-229E RNA was not detected in the no-spike ***,all methods yielded comparable results at the conditions *** behavior of sARs-CoV-2 and spiked surrogates in wastewater should be considered to evaluate method effectiveness.A consistent method and laboratory to explore wastewater sARs-CoV-2 temporal trends for a given system,with appropriate quality control protocols and documented in adequate detail should succeed.

关键词： COVID-19 Wastewater surveillance Public health Quality assurance Quality control

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