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Clinical features of gastroesophageal reflux disease and erosive esophagitis:Insights from patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy in resource-limited Ethiopia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第34期30卷 3883-3893页

作者： Firehiwot A Mengistie Abate b shewaye Abel T Tasamma Zekarias s Ayalew Department of Internal Medicine Addis Ababa UniversityAddis Ababa 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia Department of Internal Medicine Rheum Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Specialty ClinicAddis Ababa 1000Addis AbabaEthiopia Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Department of Internal MedicineAdera Medical and Surgical CenterAddis Ababa 1000Addis AbabaEthiopia

bACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)is a common disease worldwide with varying clinical presentations and risk *** data for Africa is lacking,but an increasing trend is expected due to demographic and epidemiological *** endoscopic studies for general gastrointestinal disorders have shown some patients with erosive esophagitis(EE),no studies in Ethiopia have investigated the clinical characteristics,risk factors,and severity of GERD using esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD).AIM To assess the clinical features of GERD in Ethiopian patients who underwent EGD and determine the severity and risk factors of *** We conducted a multicenter,retrospective cross-sectional study of 221 patients diagnosed with GERD and endoscopic findings of EE at Trauma Associated severe hemorrhage and Amniotic Membrane stem Cell between January 2019 and August *** were collected from electronic medical records and phone call *** used descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis with sPss version 26 to identify the association between variables with a statistical significance set at P valuehe mean±sD age of the patients was 44.8(±15.9)years,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:*** most commonly reported symptom was epigastric pain(80.5%),followed by heartburn(43%).Los Angeles(LA)-A EE was diagnosed in 71.1%of patients,followed by LA-b(14.9%),LA-C(7.7%),and LA-D(5.9%).Multivariate analysis showed that age 50 or above,presence of bleeding,and endoscopic findings of duodenitis/duodenopathy were significantly associated with severe EE(Pstricture and barrett’s esophagus were observed in 4.5%and 1.36%of patients with EE,*** Most of the patients had milder EE with fewer ***,severe EE was more prevalent in older patients and those with duodenitis/duodenopathy.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Erosive esophagitis hiatal hernia Esophagogastroduodenoscopy heart burn

Five-phase synchronous Reluctance Machines Equipped with a Novel Type of Fractional slot Winding

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CEs Transactions on Electrical Machines and systems 2024年第3期8卷 264-273页

作者： s.M.Taghavi Araghi A.Kiyoumarsi b.Mirzaeian Dehkordi Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of IsfahanIsfahanIran

Multi-phase machines are so attractive for electrical machine designers because of their valuable advantages such as high reliability and fault tolerant ***,fractional slot concentrated windings(FsCW)are well known because of short end winding length,simple structure,field weakening sufficiency,fault tolerant capability and higher slot fill *** five-phase machines equipped with FsCW,are very good candidates for the purpose of designing motors for high reliable applications,like electric cars,major transporting buses,high speed trains and massive ***,in comparison to the general distributed windings,the FsCWs contain high magnetomotive force(MMF)space harmonic contents,which cause unwanted effects on the machine ability,such as localized iron saturation and core *** manuscript introduces several new five-phase fractional slot winding layouts,by the means of slot shifting concept in order to design the new types of synchronous reluctance motors(synRels).In order to examine the proposed winding’s performances,three sample machines are designed as case studies,and analytical study and finite element analysis(FEA)is used for validation.

关键词： Finite element analysis Five-phase machine Fractional slot concentrated winding(FsCW) Machine slot/pole combination MMF harmonics synchronous reluctance machine Winding factor

A tribo-chemical view on astringency of plant-based food substances

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Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1392-1407页

作者： samuel s.GAMANIEL Paloma s.DUEÑAs RObLEs hans TROMP Els h.A.de hOOG sissi de bEER Emile van der hEIDE Laboratory for surface Technology and Tribology Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschede 7522 LWthe Netherlands NIZO Food Research b.V. Ede6710 BAthe Netherlands Department of Molecules and Materials MEsA+Institute for Nanotechnology University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AEthe Netherlands

Consumption of plant-based food products having high composition of polyphenols leads to the sensation of *** sliding oral surfaces,friction is an essential property during the oral perception of roughness and dryness which are attributes associated with *** factors including the chemical composition of interacting layers,structure and operation of interfaces have an effect on the astringency development *** manner of interactions occurring at oral interfaces suggest there is a system dependence of astringency and highlights the importance of adopting a tribosystems *** measurement techniques have shown an existing relationship between salivary protein-polyphenol interaction and an astringent ***,the tribo-chemistry involved in this multifaceted sensation remains largely unexplored in a comprehensive *** this review the underlying tribo-chemical processes useful in understanding the mechanism of astringency are highlighted and discussed considering current techniques employed to investigate astringency *** of lubrication on oral surfaces owing to the tribo-chemical interactions involving saliva and astringent plant proteins requires subsequent deformations of oral tissues which are significant enough to induce strains at mechanoreceptor locations,leading to the sensation of *** is proposed that micro-scale contact modelling on the interaction of food particles/aggregates,boundary layers and oral surfaces shows potential in addressing the knowledge gap between tribo-chemical measurement techniques and panel tests,making it possible to attain a predictor for astringency.

关键词： oral lubrication astringency tribo-chemistry tribology

In situ TEM investigation of electron irradiation and aging-induced high-density nanoprecipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.Lv h.L.Ge Q.Q.Jin X.h.shao Y.T.Zhou b.Zhang X.L.Ma shenyang National Laboratory for Materials science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China school of Materials science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Materials science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce high-density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K,wt.%)alloy to improve the *** results show that the hardness of the Mg alloy after irradiation for 10 h and aging for 9 h at 250℃ is 1.64 GPa,which is approximately 64% higher than that of the samples before being *** is mainly attributed to γ'precipitates on the basal plane after irradiation and the high-density nanoscale β'precipitates on the prismatic plane after aging,which should be closely related to the irradiation-induced homogenous *** latter plays a key role in precipitation *** result paves a way to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials by tailoring the precipitation through irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg alloy Electron beam irradiation hardening Precipitates In-situ TEM

Rare earth-doped mixed Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites as an effective photocatalytic agent for active degradation of Rhodamine b dye

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 488-496,I0003页

作者： swapnil A.Jadhav sandeep b.somvanshi sudarshan s.Gawali Kranti Zakde K.M.Jadhav Department of Physics Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada UniversityAurangabad431004MaharashtraIndia school of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47906USA University Department of basic and Applied sciences MGM UniversityAurangabad431003MaharashtraIndia

In this study, a series of Gd^(3+)-doped mixed Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites with composition of Zn_(0.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.2)Fe_(2-x)Gd_(x)O_(4)(x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1) was prepared using self-ignition sol-gel method. The prepared nanoparticles with an average size ranging from 22 to 26 nm show a single-phase cubic structure belonging to the spinel matrix. A rise in the Gd^(3+)concentration leads to an increase in crystallite size and lattice parameter. In Fourier transform infrared spectra, two main absorption bands belonging to the spinel structure are observed. The high-frequency bands(v_(1)) represent the tetrahedral complex, while the lowfrequency bands(v_(2)) signify the octahedral complex. The optical bandgap of the nanoferrites is found within the range of 2.91 to 2.41 eV, depending on their size. The magnetic characteristics of the material,such as saturation magnetization and coercivity are significantly altered with the concentration of Gd^(3+)in the solution. Using Rhodamine b(Rhb) as a model organic pollutant, an in-depth investigation of the photocatalytic activity of the compounds was carried out. The present outcomes show that adding an adequate amount of Gd^(3+)significantly enhances the number of hydroxyl radicals produced by the ferrite,in turn, increasing the photocatalytic activity of the material. Mechanism elucidated by scavenger studies reveals that ·Oh and holes are the primary reactive radicals responsible for the degradation *** photocatalysts show an insignificant performance loss in five consecutive cycles. Thus, it is concluded that these photocatalysts are highly suitable for the remediation of dye-contaminated wastewater.

关键词： Gd^(3+)substitution spinel ferrite structural properties Magnetic properties Photocatalysis Rare earths

Predicting potential invasion risks of Leucaena leucocephala(Lam.)de Wit in the arid area of saudi Arabia

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第7期16卷 983-999页

作者： haq s MARIFATUL Darwish MOhAMMED Waheed MUhAMMAD Kumar MANOJ siddiqui h MANZER bussmann W RAINER Department of Ethnobotany Institute of BotanyIlia State UniversityTbilisi 0162Georgia The Centre of Excellence on sustainable Land Management(CoE-sLM) Indian Council of Forestry Research and EducationDehradun 248006India Department of botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of botany State Museum for Natural HistoryKarlsruhe 76133Germany

The presence of invasive plant species poses a substantial ecological impact,thus comprehensive evaluation of their potential range and risk under the influence of climate change is *** study uses maximum entropy(MaxEnt)modeling to forecast the likelihood of Leucaena leucocephala(Lam.)de Wit invasion in saudi Arabia under present and future climate change *** the MaxEnt modeling,we integrated climatic and soil data to predict habitat suitability for the invasive *** conducted a detailed analysis of the distribution patterns of the species,using climate variables and ecological *** focused on the important influence of temperature seasonality,temperature annual range,and precipitation *** distribution modeling used robust measures of area under the curve(AUC)and receiver-operator characteristic(ROC)curves,to map the invasion extent,which has a high level of accuracy in identifying appropriate *** complex interaction that influenced the invasion of *** was highlighted by the environmental parameters using Jackknife ***,the actual geographic area where *** was found in saudi Arabia was considerably smaller than the theoretical maximum range,suggesting that it had the capacity to expand *** MaxEnt model exhibited excellent prediction accuracy and produced reliable results based on the data from the ROC *** and temperature were the primary factors influencing the potential distribution of ***,an estimated area of 216,342 km^(2)in saudi Arabia was at a high probability of invasion by *** investigated the potential for increased invasion hazards in the future due to climate change scenarios(shared socioeconomic Pathways(ssPs)245 and 585).The analysis of key climatic variables,including temperature seasonality and annual range,along with soil properties such as clay composition and nitrogen content,unveiled their substanti

关键词： area under the curve invasive species invasion risks climate change MaxEnt model

Endoscopic treatment of biliopancreatic pathology in patients with Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical variants: Lessons learned from single-balloon enteroscopy-assisted ERCP

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 509-514页

作者： Rodrigo Garcés-Durán Laurent Monino Pierre h Deprez hubert Piessevaux Tom G Moreels Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology Universitécatholique de LouvainCliniques Universitaires Saint-LucAvenue Hippocrates 101200 BrusselsBelgium

background: Endoscopic treatment of biliopancreatic pathology is challenging due to surgically altered anatomy after Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of single-balloon enteroscopy-assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(sbE-ERCP) to treat biliopancreatic pathology in patients with Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical variants. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 106 sbE-ERCP procedures in 46 patients with Whipple's variants. Technical and clinical success rates and adverse events were evaluated. Results: biliary sbE-ERCP was performed in 34 patients and pancreatic sbE-ERCP in 17, including 5 with both indications. From a total of 106 sbE-ERCP procedures, 76 were biliary indication with technical success rate of 68/76(90%) procedures and clinical success rate of 30/34(88%) patients. Mild adverse event rate was 8/76(11%), without serious adverse events. From a total of 106 sbE-ERCP procedures, 30 were pancreatic indication with technical success rate of 24/30(80%) procedures( P = 0.194 vs. biliary sbEERCP) and clinical success rate of 11/17(65%) patients( P = 0.016 vs. biliary sbE-ERCP). Mild adverse event rate was 6/30(20%)( P = 0.194 vs. biliary sbE-ERCP), without serious adverse events. After sbE-ERCP failure, endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage, percutaneous drainage and redo surgery were alternative therapeutic options. Conclusions: biliopancreatic pathology after Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy variants can be treated using sbE-ERCP without serious adverse events. Technical and clinical success rates are high for biliary indications, whereas clinical success rate of pancreatic indications is significantly lower. sbE-ERCP can be considered as first-line treatment option in this patient group with surgically altered anatomy.

关键词： Enteroscopy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Pancreaticoduodenectomy surgically altered anatomy Whipple’s procedure

Performance and safety Improvement of Induction Motors based on Testing and Evaluation standards

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CEs Transactions on Electrical Machines and systems 2024年第3期8卷 310-318页

作者： Nkosinathi s.Khumalo Ntombizotwa P.Memane Udochukwu b.Akuru Department of Electrical Engineering Tshwane University of TechnologyPretoria 0183South Africa

The induction motor,which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy,has been recognized as the cornerstone of *** rotor of an induction motor can be either a squirrel cage rotor or a wound-type rotor,both existing as magnetless ***-phase squirrel cage induction motors are frequently utilized in industrial drives because they are dependable,have high starting torque,are selfstarting and ***-phase induction motors,on the other hand,are commonly used for small loads such as domestic appliances in form of modest fans,pumps and electric power *** south Africa,there have been reports of fires and explosions resulting in live and property loss because of induction motors that have not been thoroughly tested or are incorrectly labelled in terms of ratings,electrical safety and *** goal of this study is targeted at preventing end-user injuries and failures caused by non-compliant induction motors,by evaluating locally manufactured/imported induction motors based on tests and evaluation from standards(IEC and sANs).The study is conducted using experimental procedures at the Explosion Prevention Technology and Rotating Machines(EPT and RM)laboratory,south African bureau of standards(sAbs),south *** main finding from the study shows differences in the nameplate characteristics of various induction motors which could have detrimental effects such as production and operational downtime in their end-use industries,at later stages.

关键词： Compliance Induction motors International Electro-Technical standards(IEC) Nameplate Experimental tests south African National standards(sANs)

The use of new class α-amino nitrile modified magnetic adsorbents for removal of Cd(II) from aqueous medium: sorbent modification vs. α-amino nitrile addition to the adsorption medium

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第1期10卷 32-46页

作者： Eyad A.Younes Amjad h.El-sheikh Rawan b.Alsmadi Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceThe Hashemite UniversityP.O.Box 330127Zarqa13133Jordan

In the present work,some novel α-amino nitriles were prepared:amino-2-(anthracen-9-yl)acetonitrile(AAN),and 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)-2-((triethoxysilyl)propyl)amino)acetonitrile(si-AN).With the aid of other organic compounds(3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane“APTEs”and tetraethyl orthosilicate“TEOs”),the following carbon nanotubes“CNT”and magnetite“Mag”based adsorbents were prepared:CNT-AAN,Mag-siO_(2),Mag-siO_(2)-APTEs,Mag-siO_(2)-*** FT-IR,1h and 13C NMR spectroscopy proved the formation of(C triple bond N)and(Nh-)bonds which indicated successful amino nitrile modification of the *** ability of the above-mentioned adsorbents to remove cadmium“Cd(II)”from water was studied at various ph *** modification with AAN reduced Cd(II)uptake,while all Mag modifications increased Cd *** addition of AAN to the extraction medium with CNT sorbent reduced Cd(II)*** addition of TEOs and si-AN to the extraction medium for Cd(II)removal using Mag was studied where a positive impact was *** on the above experiments,it was decided to use Mag as adsorbent with the addition of si-AN to the extraction *** optimization recommended ph 8 and Cd:si-AN molar ratio of 1:*** maximum adsorption capacity towards Cd(II)achieved in this study was 65 mg g^(−1).The method selectivity,re-usability and applicability on well water and tap water samples gave appropriate *** adsorption of Cd(II)on Mag in the presence of si-AN was fast,endothermic,spontaneous,favored and physi-sorption was predominant.

关键词： Amino nitriles Magnetite Carbon nanotubes Cadmium uptake