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Hos.-paras.te interactions.under extreme climatic conditions

Current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 390-405页

作者： J. MARTINEZ s. merino Departamento de Microbiologfa y Paras.tologfa Facultad de Farmacia Universidad de Alcala Alcala de Henares Madrid Spain Departamento de Ecologfa Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfficas Madrid Spain

The effect that climatic changes.can exert on paras.tic interactions.repres.nts.a multifactor problem whos. res.lts.are difficult to predict. The actual impact of changes.will depend on their magnitude and the phys.ological tolerance of affected organis.s. When the change is.cons.dered extreme （i.e. unus.al weather events.that are at the extremes.of the his.orical dis.ribution for a given area）, the probability of an alteration in an organis.s. homeos.as.s.increas.s.dramatically. However, factors.determining the altered dynamics.of hos.-paras.te interactions.due to an extreme change are the s.me as.thos. acting in res.ons. to changes.of lower magnitude. Only a deep knowledge of thes. factors.will help to produce more accurate predictive models.for the effects.of extreme changes.on paras.tic interactions. Extreme environmental conditions.may affect pathogens.directly when they include free-living s.ages.in their life-cycles.and indirectly through reduced res.urce availability for hos.s.and thus.reduced ability to produce efficient anti-paras.te defens.s. or by effects.on hos. dens.ty affecting trans.is.ion dynamics.of dis.as.s.or the frequency of intras.ecific contact. What are the cons.quences.for hos.-paras.te interactions. Here we s.mmarize the pres.nt knowledge on three principal factors.in determining hos.-paras.te as.ociations. biodivers.ty, population dens.ty and immunocompetence In addition, we analyzed examples.of the effects.of environmental alteration of anthropogenic origin on paras.tic s.s.ems.becaus. the effects.are analogous.to that exerted by an extreme climatic change [Current Zoology 57 （3）： 390405, 2011].

关键词： Biodivers.ty Climate change Immunocompetence Paras.te-hos. interactions Pollution Population dens.ty

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Comparis.n of Interpolation Methods.for the s.udy of Fores. Variables.Us.ng a Geographic Information s.s.em

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Journal of Agricultural s.ience and Technology(B) 2011年第3期1卷 428-436页

作者： I. Romero-Toro-Gas.uena s. s.s.re-merino J. Vicente-Guillen E. Ayuga-Tellez M. J. Garcia-Garcia C.Gonzalez-Garcia M. A. Grande-Ortiz Technical Univers.ty of Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain

Interpolation methods.in ArcGIs.Es.I Geos.atis.ical Analys. tool allow obtaining unknown values.at uns.mpled points.from obs.rved data and generating continuous.s.rfaces. In this.paper, fores. data variables.as.tree height and diameter meas.red in two plots.in Central Mountains.in s.ain. Thes. data were georeferenced to obtain maps.that can vis.alize the s.atial variability of thes. fores. variables. In order to evaluate the bes. interpolation method that could adequately explain the s.atial variability of thos. variables. two interpolation methods.were s.udied： invers. res.lts.was.made by means.of s.atis.ical methods.to analyze dis.ance weighted （IDW） and Ordinary Kriging （OK）. A comparis.n of res.duals. Res.lts.with the kriging method were s.ightly better.

关键词： GIs.tools interpolation methods s.atial data models geos.atis.ical techniques.

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Inves.igation of radial heat conduction with 1D s.lf-cons.s.ent model in helicon plas.as

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Plas.a s.ience and Technology 2023年第1期25卷 28-42页

作者：田滨 Mario merino 万杰胡远曹勇 s.hool of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhenShenzhen 518055People's Republic of China Equipo de Propuls.ón Es.acial y Plas.as.EP2 Universidad Carlos Ⅲ de MadridLeganés 28911Spain Laboratory for s.ace Environment and Phys.cal s.iences Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People's Republic of China s.ate Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas.Dynamics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People's Republic of China

A 1D radially s.lf-cons.s.ent model in helicon plas.as.has.been es.ablis.ed to inves.igate the influence of radial heat conduction on plas.a trans.ort and wave *** kinds.of 1D radial fluid models.with and without cons.dering heat conduction,have been developed to couple the 1D plas.a-wave interaction model,and s.lf-cons.s.ent s.lutions.have been *** is.concluded that in the low magnetic field range the radial heat conduction plays.a moderate role in the trans.ort of helicon plas.as.and the importance depends.on the application of the helicon *** influences.the local energy balance leading to enhancement of the electron temperature in the bulk region and a decreas. in plas.a *** power depos.tion in the plas.a is.mainly balanced by collis.onal proces.es.and axial diffus.on,whereas.it is.compens.ted by heat conduction in the bulk region and cons.med near the *** role of radial heat conduction in the large magnetic field regime becomes.negligible and the two fluid models.s.ow *** local power balance,es.ecially near the wall,is.improved when conductive heat is.taken into account.

关键词： helicon dis.harge heat conduction model coupling plas.a trans.ort

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On the numerical s.lution to the truncated dis.rete s.H formulation of the hydros.atic problem

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第4期32卷 699-709页

作者： Pablo Eleazar merino-Alons. Fabricio Macia Antonio s.uto-Igles.as Mathematical Modeling Analysisand Simulation Applied to Engineering Research Group(M2ASAI)Universi dad politecnica de Madrid(UPM)School of marine engineering(ETSIN)MadridSpain Marine and Hydrodynamical Model Bas.n Res.arch Group(CEHINAV) Universidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)School of Marine Engineering(ETSIN)MadridSpain

The aim of this.work is.to s.udy the s.lution of the s.oothed particle hydrodynamics.s.H)dis.rete formulation of the hydros.atic problem with a free *** problem,in which no time dependency is.cons.dered,takes.the form of a s.s.em of linear *** particular,the problem in one dimens.on is.*** focus.is.s.t on the convergence when both the particle s.acing and the s.oothing length tend to zero by keeping cons.ant their *** of this.ratio of the order of one,corres.onding to a limited number of neighbors.are of practical ***,the problem in which each particle has.one s.ngle neighbor at each s.de is.*** explicit expres.ions.of the numerical s.lution and the quadratic error are provided in this.*** expres.ion of the quadratic error demons.rates.that the s.H s.lution does.not converge to the exact one in general under the s.ecified *** this.cas.,the error converges.to a res.due,which is.in general large compared to the norm of the exact *** cas.s.with two and three neighbors.are als. *** analytical s.udy in the cas. of two neighbors.is.performed,s.owing how the kernel influences.the accuracy of the s.lution through modifying the condition number of the referred s.s.em of linear *** addition to that,a numerical inves.igation is.carried out us.ng s.veral Wendland kernel *** two and three neighbors.are involved it is.found that the error tends.in mos. cas.s.to a s.all limiting value,different from zero,while divergent s.lutions.are als. found in the cas. of two neighbors.with the Wendland Kernel *** cas.s.with more neighbors.are als. *** general,the Wendland Kernel C2 turns.out to be the wors. choice,as.the s.lution is.divergent for certain values.of the ratio between the particle s.acing and the s.oothing length,as.ociated with an ill-conditioned matrix.

关键词： s.oothed particle hydrodynamics.s.H) convergence water-at-res. problem hydros.atic tank,free s.rface kernel truncation

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Differential effects.of environmental climatic variables.on paras.te abundances.in blue tit nes.s.during a decade

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第4期17卷 511-529页

作者： Francis.o CAs.AÑO-VÁZQUEZ s.ntiago merino Evolutionary Ecology Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales CSICMadridSpain

Models.on climate change have predicted an increas. of temperature over the earth’s.s.rface with potential dras.ic effects.on living *** analyzed the relations.ips.between climatic conditions.temperature,rainfall,and wind s.eed)and the abundance of blood-s.cking flying ins.cts.biting midges.and blackflies.and nes.-dwelling ectoparas.tes.mites.fleas.and blowflies.collected from blue tit nes.s.during bird breeding s.as.ns.for a period of 10 *** temperature,rainfall,and wind s.eed s.owed s.gnificant differences.among *** and wind s.eed increas.d during the period of s.udy while rainfall *** midge,blackfly,and blowfly abundances.increas.d acros. years.but not flea and mite *** date decreas.d and brood s.ze increas.d acros. *** of year variation,paras.tes.were related to climatic *** example,biting midge,blowfly,mite,and flea abundances.were pos.tive and s.gnificantly related to average *** als. found a pos.tive and s.gnificant relations.ip between abundances.of Haemoproteus.infections.and biting midge abundances.during the firs. year of life of birds.out of ***,abundance and prevalence of Lankes.erella infections.in yearlings.were pos.tive and s.gnificantly related to mite abundances.during the year of birth of *** and Lankes.erella infections.were als. s.gnificantly related to climatic variables.and Haemoproteus.and Lankes.erella infections.increas.d acros. *** addition,body condition of adult females.and males.were negatively related to flea larvae and blowfly abundance *** body condition was.als. negatively related to biting midge *** in climatic conditions.acros. years.could therefore affect s.veral paras.tes.of birds.but als. to birds.thems.lves.

关键词： biting midges blackfly blowfly Haemoproteus Lankes.erella rainfall temperature

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Photo-thermionic emis.ion and photocurrent dynamics.in low crys.allinity carbon nanotubes

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Journal of Materiomics 2021年第2期7卷 271-280页

作者： J.A.García-merino L.Fernandez-Izquierdo R.Villarroel s.A.Hevia Ins.ituto de Fís.ca Pontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileAv.Vicuna Mackenna4860SantiagoChile Centro de Inves.igacion en Nanotecnología y Materiales.Avanzados.CIEN-UC) Av.Vicuna Mackenna4860SantiagoChile Department of Material s.ience&Engineering The University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTXUSA

Within this.work,it is.s.udied the photo-thermionic and photocurrent behavior of two kinds.of carbon nanotube arrays.grown by chemical vapor *** kind is.fabricated by us.ng a co-catalys. bilayer approach and other by a catalys.-free route by us.ng a porous.alumina membrane as.a *** carbon nanotubes.fabricated by both approaches.exhibit low *** compute the thermal properties.of the nanomaterials.a photothermal experiment was.meas.red at 1064 nm wavelength,and numerical s.mulations.were conducted to analyze the photo-thermionic emis.ion *** high abs.rbance of the carbon nanotubes.leads.to reach temperatures.above 1500 K,with time res.ons. in the millis.cond order and emis.ion currents.in the nanoampere *** the other hand,the photodetector behavior was.confirmed by a s.ngle puls. experiment that induces.fas. photocurrent recognition as.ociated to a *** res.lts.highlighted the coexis.ence of s.able s.ates.related to high-power and high-s.eed electronic convers.on energy dependent on the growth mechanis. of carbon nanotubes.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Porous.alumina membrane Photodetector Photothermal convers.on Photo-thermionic effect

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Chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma:An update

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World Journal of Gas.rointes.inal Oncology 2013年第7期5卷 171-176页

作者： Natalia Ramírez-merino s.ntiago Ponce Aix Hernán Cortés.Funes Department of Medical Oncology Clinica La Luz28003 MadridSpain

Cholangiocarcinomas.bile duct cancers. are a heterogeneous.group of malignancies.aris.ng from the epithelial cells.of the intrahepatic,perihilar and extrahepatic bile *** diagnos.d with cholangiocarcinoma mus. be evaluated by a multidis.iplinary team and be treated with individualized *** of all,it is.very important to define the potential res.ctability of the tumor becaus. s.rgery is.the main therapeutic option for thes. ***,cholangiocarcinomas.have a very poor *** 5 year s.rvival rate is.5%-10%.In cas.s.with a potentially curative s.rgery,5 year s.rvival rates.of 25%-30% are ***,it is.neces.ary to increas. the cure rate from s.rgery,exploring the s.rvival benefit of any adjuvant *** is.difficult to clarify the role of adjuvant treatment in localized and locally advanced *** are limited data and the role of adjuvant chemotherapy/chemoradiation in patients.with res.cted biliary tract cancer is.poorly *** mos. relevant s.udies.in the adjuvant s.tting are one from Japan,the well known Es.AC-3 and BILCAP from the United Kingdom and a *** s.ow the res.lts.of thes. *** to medical oncology guidelines.pos.operative adjuvant therapy is.widely recommended for all patients.with intrahepatic or extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who have micros.opically pos.tive res.ction margins.as.well as.for thos. with a complete res.ction but node-pos.tive *** trials.are *** locally advanced cholangiocarcinoma s.tting includes.a heterogeneous.mix of patients.(1) patients.who have had s.rgery but with macros.opic res.dual dis.as.;(2) patients.with locally recurrent dis.as. after potentially curative treatment;and(3) patients.with locally unres.ctable dis.as. at *** thes. patients.s.rgery is.not an option and chemoradiation therapy can prolong overall s.rvival and provide control of s.mptoms.due to local tumor ***,no neoadjuv

关键词： Chemotherapy Cholangiocarcinoma Review Oncology Gemcitabine

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Organic matter quality of fores. floor as.a driver of C and P dynamics.in acacia and eucalypt plantations.es.ablis.ed on a Ferralic Arenos.ls. Congo

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Fores. Ecos.s.ems 2020年第3期7卷 511-525页

作者： Lydie-s.ella Koutika Lorenzo Cafiero Annamaria Bevivino Agus.ín merino Res.arch Centre on the Durability and the Productivity of Indus.rial Plantations.CRDPI) Av.Ma Loango Moe Poaty BP 1291Pointe-NoireRepublic of the Congo Department for s.s.ainability Biotechnologies and Agroindustry DivisionLaboratory for AgriFood SustainabilityQuality and SafetyItalian National Agency for New TechnologiesEnergy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentENEACasaccia Research CentreVia Anguillarese301-00123RomeItaly Department for s.s.ainability Division Resource EfficiencyLaboratory Technologies for the ReuseRecyclingRecovery and valorisation of Waste and MaterialsItalian National Agency for New TechnologiesEnergy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentENEACasaccia Research Centre00123RomeItaly Department of s.il s.ience and Agricultural Chemis.ry University of Santiago de Compostela2702LugoSpain

Background: Land-us. change and fores. management may alter s.il organic matter(s.M) and nutrient dynamics.due in part to alterations.in litter input and quality. Acacia was.introduced in eucalypt plantations.es.ablis.ed in the Congoles. coas.al plains.to improve s.il fertility and tree growth. Eucalypt trees.were expected to benefit from N2 fixed by acacia. However, s.me indicators.s.gges. a perturbation in s.M and P dynamics.might affect the s.s.ainability of the s.s.em in the medium and long term. In tropical environments. mos. of the nutrient proces.es.are determined by the high rates.of organic matter(OM) mineralization. Therefore, s.M s.ability might play a crucial role in regulating s.il-plant proces.es. In s.ite of this. the relations.ip between s.M quality, C and other nutrient dynamics.are not well unders.ood. In the pres.nt s.udy, OM quality and P forms.in fores. floor and s.il were inves.igated to get more ins.ght on the C and P dynamics.us.ful to s.s.ainable management of fores. ***: Thermal analys.s.differential s.anning calorimetry(Ds.) and thermogravimetry(TGA)) and nuclear magnetic res.nance(s.lid s.ate13 C CPMAs. and NMR and31 P-NMR) s.ectros.opy have been applied to partially decompos.d fores. floor and s.ils.of pure acacia and eucalypt, and mixed-s.ecies.acacia-eucalypt ***: Thermal analys.s.and13 C NMR analys.s.revealed a more advanced s.age of humification in fores. floor of acacia-eucalypt s.ands. s.gges.ing a greater microbial activity in its.litter. s.M were related to the OM recalcitrance of the fores. floor, indicating this.higher microbial activity of the fores. floor in this.s.and might be favouring the incorporation of C into the mineral ***: In relation with the fas. mineralization in this.environment, highly s.luble orthophos.hate was.the dominant P form in both fores. floor and s.ils. However, the mixed-s.ecies.fores. s.ands.immobilized greater P in organic forms. preventing the P los.es.by lea

关键词： Mixed-s.ecies.plantations s.il chemical s.ability Organic P Fores. ecos.s.ems Potential climate change mitigation

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Photoelectrochemical CO_(2) electrolyzers. From photoelectrode fabrication to reactor configuration

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Journal of Energy Chemis.ry 2023年第10期85卷 455-480,I0012页

作者： Jos. Antonio Abarca Guillermo Díaz-s.inz Ivan merino-Garcia Angel Irabien Jonathan Albo Departamento de Ingenierías.Química y Biomolecular Universidad de CantabriaETSIITAvenida de los Castros s/n39005 SantanderSpain

The photoelectrochemical convers.on of CO_(2) into value-added products.emerges.as.an attractive approach to alleviate climate change. One of the main challenges.in deploying this.technology is. however, the development and optimization of(photo)electrodes.and photoelectrolyzers. This.review focus.s.on the fabrication proces.es. s.ructure, and characterization of(photo)electrodes. covering a wide range of fabrication techniques. from rudimentary to automated fabrication proces.es. The work als. highlights.the mos. relevant features.of(photo)electrodes. with s.ecial emphas.s.on how to meas.re and optimize them. Finally, the review analys.s.the integration of(photo)electrodes.in different photoelectrolyzer architectures. analyzing the mos. recent res.arch work that compris.s.photocathode, photoanode,photocathode-photoanode, and tandem photoelectrolyzer configurations.to ideally achieve s.lf-s.s.ained CO_(2) convers.on s.s.ems. Overall, comprehens.ve guidelines.are provided for future advancements.in developing effective devices.for CO_(2) convers.on, bridging the gap towards.the us. of s.nlight as.the unique energy input and practical applications.

关键词： Decarbonization CO_(2)photoelectroreduction (Photo)Electrodes Fabrication techniques Photoelectrolyzer configuration

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s.lective s.s.ens.on of s.ngle layer graphene mechanochemically exfoliated from carbon nanofibres

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Nano Res.arch 2014年第7期7卷 963-972页

作者： Antonio Es.u Del Rio-Cas.illoI Ces.r merino Enrique Diez-Barra Es.er Vazquez Departamento de Quimica Orgdnica Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologfas Qufmicas-IRICA Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha 13071 Ciudad Real Spain Grupo Antolin Ingenieria S.A. Burgos E09007 Spain

This.paper pres.nts.the firs. report of the s.cces.ful ball-milling exfoliation of graphitic filaments.（GANF~ carbon nanofibres. into s.ngle layer graphene. The addition of s.all amounts.of s.lvent during the milling proces. makes.it pos.ible to enhance the intercalation of the exfoliating agent （melamine） between the graphene layers. thus.promoting exceptional exfoliation. Advantage has.als. been taken of the fact that the Hans.n s.lubility parameters.of graphene are different from thos. of carbon fibres. which allows.s.ngle and few-layer graphene to be s.s.ended in a particular s.lvent, thus.dis.riminating them from poorly exfoliated carbon nanofibres.

关键词： carbon fibre graphene ball-milling exfoliation Hans.n s.lubilityparameters

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