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identification of meta-instable stress state based on experimental study of evolution of the temperature field during stick-slip instability on a 5° bending fault

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science China Earth sciences 2012年第6期55卷 869-881页

作者： MA Jin s i sherman GUO Yanshuang state Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China institute of the Earth＇s Crust siberian Branch of Russian Academy of sciences lrkutsk 664033 Russia

identification of the meta-instable stress state and study of its mechanism and evolution of relevant physical fields would be of great significance for determination of potential seismic risks and estimation of critical times. in laboratory experiments, that the specimen enters the meta-instable is marked by accelerated stress release. Could we use the experimental result to identify the earthquake in natural conditions? Because the observational data from one station can only reflect the stress state beneath this station, the key problem for identification of the meta-instability is how to recognize regional stress state through observational data from many stations. in this work, we choose the evolution of the temperature field over varied deformation stages during a stick-slip event on a 5 bending fault as an example, and attempt to find the response features of the physical quantity when the fault enters the meta-instable state. We discuss the characteristics of stages for the stress build-up, stress-time process deviating from linearity before instability, meta-instability, instability, and post-instability, respectively. The result shows that the fault instability slide is a conversion process from independent activities of each fault segment to synergism activity. The instability implies completion of the synergism. The stage deviating from linearity is the onset of stress release, and it is also the onset of the synergism. At the meta-instability stages, stress release becomes dominant, while the synergism tends to finish. Therefore, the analysis of the regional overall stress state should not start from individual stations, and instead it should begin with the evolution of the whole deformation field.

关键词： earthquake risk stress state meta-instable state evolution of the temperature field synergism bending fault

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黏土实验模拟分段剪切拉张下的偏斜角差异对汾渭裂谷带形成演化的影响

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地震地质 2016年第2期38卷 259-277页

作者：卓燕群 s.A.Bornyakov 郭彦双马瑾 s.i.sherman 中国地震局地质研究所地震动力学国家重点实验室北京100029 institute of the Earth's Crust Siberian BranchRussian Academy of SciencesSt.128 LermontovaIrkutsk 664033Russia Department of Civil Engineering University of TorontoToronto MSS1A4Canada

汾渭裂谷带由2组走向不同的盆地组成:以拉张为主的NEE向盆地(或盆地系)和以右旋走滑为主的NNE向盆地。相邻NEE向盆地(或盆地系)间的连接区由NNE向盆地和地垒组成。汾渭裂谷带南、北段总体走向NEE并以拉张为主,中段总体走向NNE且具走滑... 详细信息

汾渭裂谷带由2组走向不同的盆地组成:以拉张为主的NEE向盆地(或盆地系)和以右旋走滑为主的NNE向盆地。相邻NEE向盆地(或盆地系)间的连接区由NNE向盆地和地垒组成。汾渭裂谷带南、北段总体走向NEE并以拉张为主,中段总体走向NNE且具走滑兼拉张的性质。汾渭裂谷带各段具有以下特征:各裂谷段新生代盆地按照先南、再北、后中段的时间顺序形成;盆地连接区规模依中、北、南段递减;忻定盆地东端平行于裂谷带北段走向延伸成NEE向,西端沿逆时针方向旋转成NNE向,而临汾盆地与忻定盆地呈近似反对称的展布。但是已有模拟实验或数值实验均无法解释这些特征,原因在于它们忽略了裂谷分段性对NEE向盆地及其连接区演化的控制作用。文中结合已有地质调查资料,基于黏土实验和数字图像相关方法,观测了在基底的分段右旋剪切拉张作用下上覆黏土盖层的裂陷过程,并对黏土盖层表面的变形场时空演化进行了定量分析。实验再现了汾渭裂谷带的主要构造特征,结果表明:1)裂谷带南、北、中段偏斜角(裂谷带两侧块体的相对运动方向与裂谷带走向之间的夹角)的依次递减是造成NEE向盆地的形成时间和连接区规模在各裂谷段呈现上述特征的原因。2)相邻NEE向盆地的相互作用是形成具有右旋剪切拉张的NNE向连接区的原因。3)相邻裂谷段之间的相互作用可能是造成忻定盆地和临汾盆地特殊构造特征的原因。因此,汾渭裂谷带各段的构造差异主要源于各段偏斜角的差异。但模型还存在不足之处,其中值得进一步完善的是模型未考虑汾渭裂谷带先存构造的影响,因而未能详细模拟汾渭裂谷带南、北段内盆地的构造特征。

关键词：偏斜角盆地相互作用裂谷段相互作用变形场时空演化汾渭裂谷带

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地震前亚失稳应力状态的识别--以5°拐折断层变形温度场演化的实验为例

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中国科学：地球科学 2012年第5期42卷 633-645页

作者：马瑾 s i sherman 郭彦双中国地震局地质研究所地震动力学国家重点实验室北京100029 institute of the Earth＇s Crust siberian Branch of Russian Academy of sciences Irkutsk 664033 Russia

识别亚失稳应力状态,研究其力学机理及与之相关物理场的演化特性,对于分析地震潜在危险性以及危险时段具有十分重要的理论意义和应用意义.在实验室,标本进入亚失稳态的标志是应力的加速释放.能否利用实验结果去鉴别自然条件下的地震?一... 详细信息

识别亚失稳应力状态,研究其力学机理及与之相关物理场的演化特性,对于分析地震潜在危险性以及危险时段具有十分重要的理论意义和应用意义.在实验室,标本进入亚失稳态的标志是应力的加速释放.能否利用实验结果去鉴别自然条件下的地震?一个台站的观测数据仅代表该台站的应力状况,如何通过众多台站的观测数据了解区域应力状态是识别亚失稳态的关键问题.本文以拐折断层一次粘滑事件中不同变形阶段温度场的演化为例,试图寻找物理量在进入亚失稳状态的响应特征.文中分别讨论了应力积累阶段、失稳前应力-时间过程中偏离线性阶段、峰值后亚失稳阶段、失稳阶段和失稳后阶段的特点.研究结果显示断层的失稳错动是由断层各个部位独立活动向协同化活动的转化过程.失稳代表协同作用的完成.偏离线性阶段是应力释放的开始,也是协同作用的开始.在亚失稳阶段应力释放已占据优势,协同作用趋于完成.分析区域整体应力状态不能从单个台站出发,而是要从变形场的整体演化出发.

关键词：地震危险性应力状态亚失稳态温度场演化协同作用拐折断层

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贝加尔裂谷系及邻区断裂现今活动变化及成因

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地学前缘 2008年第3期15卷 337-347页

作者： s.i. sherman E. A. Gorbunova institute of the Earth's Crust Russia

已有的地质和地球物理方法无法对年、月、旬等现今时间尺度上的断层活动变化进行有效预测。运用基于地震活动定量指数运算程序的地理信息技术可以解决这个问题。这种方法被应用于贝加尔裂谷系（BRs）及邻区的研究当中。研究发现，断层... 详细信息

已有的地质和地球物理方法无法对年、月、旬等现今时间尺度上的断层活动变化进行有效预测。运用基于地震活动定量指数运算程序的地理信息技术可以解决这个问题。这种方法被应用于贝加尔裂谷系（BRs）及邻区的研究当中。研究发现，断层活动变化发生在以几年为周期的时间尺度上，这无法用区域应力场的变化进行合理解释。沿着穿越贝加尔裂谷系的剖面编制了活动断层图以及地震活动定量指数曲线。提出的这种方法可以根据地震活动定量指数对活动断层进行仔细的分类，从而为解决地震中期预报相关问题开辟了重要途径。这种方法还被用来研究断层现今活动的时空变化和形成机制。研究发现，在实时尺度上断层活动具有高频发生的特征，这种现象可能是由于脆性岩石圈板内和块体内部运动产生的慢变形波的干扰导致的。利用变形波的通过速度可以对活动断层进行分组，各组具有不同的地质和地球物理特征参数，同时还可以对变形波波前的方向以及某一区域内主要断层在实时间隔内（地质上的瞬间）的活动情况进行预测。

关键词：断层活动地震活动定量指数贝加尔裂谷系

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Fungal Community-Plant Litter Decomposition Relationships Along a Climate Gradient

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Pedosphere 2014年第4期24卷 437-449页

作者： C.sherman i.GRisHKAN G.BARNEss Y.sTEiNBERGER The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life sciences Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002(Israel) institute of Evolution University of HaifaMount CarmelHaifa 31905(Israel)

The decomposition of plant litter is a major process of equivalent status to primary production in ecosystem *** spatiotemporal changes in the composition and dynamics of litter fungal community along a climate gradient ranging from arid desert to humid-Mediterranean regions in israel was examined using wheat straw litter bags placed at four selected sites along the climate gradient,arid,semi-arid,Mediterranean,and humid-Mediterranean *** samples were collected over a two-year decomposition period to evaluate litter weight loss,moisture,C:N ratio,fungal composition,and isolate *** litter decomposition rate was found to be the highest during the first year of the study at the Mediterranean and arid *** the shannon-Wiener index values of the fungal communities in the litter samples were the highest at the humid-Mediterranean site,the number of fungal species was not significantly different between the four study *** fungal groups were found to be related to different study sites:Basidiomycota,Mucoromycotina,and teleomorphic Ascomycota were associated with the humid-Mediterranean site,while Coelomycetes were mostly affected by the arid *** results indicate that climate factors play an important role in determining the structure of saprotrophic fungal communities in the decomposing litter and in mediating plant litter decomposition processes.

关键词： arid desert community structure fungal diversity litter bag Mediterranean region saprotrophic fungi shannon-Wiener index

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Energy Absorption Performance of Bio-inspired Honeycombs:Numerical and Theoretical Analysis

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Acta Mechanica solida sinica 2021年第6期34卷 884-894页

作者： John sherman Wen Zhang Jun Xu Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering science The University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Vehicle Energy&safety Laboratory(VEsL) North Carolina Motorsports and Automotive Research CenterThe University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

Energy absorption performance has been a long-pursued research topic in designing desired materials and structures subject to external dynamic *** by natural bio-structures,herein,we develop both numerical and theoretical models to analyze the energy absorption behaviors of Weaire,Floret,and Kagome-shaped thin-walled *** demonstrate that these bio-inspired structures possess superior energy absorption capabilities compared to the traditional thin-walled structures,with the specific energy absorption about 44%higher than the traditional *** developed mechanical model captures the fundamental characteristics of the bio-inspired honeycomb,and the mean crushing force in all three structures is accurately *** indicate that although the basic energy absorption and deformation mode remain the same,varied geometry design and the corresponding material distribution can further boost the energy absorption of the structure,providing a much broader design space for the next-generation impact energy absorption structures and systems.

关键词： Bio-inspired honeycomb Energy absorption impact resistance Finite element analysis Modeling

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DEsiGN OF RECONFiGURABLE MANUFACTURiNG sYsTEMs WiTH sTRONGLY COUPLED NATURE

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2007年第1期20卷 91-95页

作者： LANG sherman Y T integrated Manufacturing Technologies institute National Research Council Canada N6G 4X8 ON Canada

Today＇s manufacturing cnvironmem forces manufacturing companies to make as many product variations as possible at affordable costs within a short time. Mass customisation is one of most important technologies for companies to achieve their objectives. Efforts to mass customisation should be made on two aspects：（1） To modularize products and make them as less differences as possible; （2） To design manufacturing resources and make them provide as many processes variations as possible. This paper reports our recent work on aspect （2）, i.e. how to design a reconfignrable manufacturing system （RMs） so that it can be competent to accomplish various processes optimally; Reconfignrable robot system （RRs） is taken as an example. RMs design involves architecture design and configuration design, and configuration design is further divided in design analysis and design synthesis. Axiomatic design theory （ADT） is applied to architecture design, the features and issues of RRs configuration design are discussed, automatic modelling method is developed for design analysis, and concurrent design methodology is presented for design synthesis.

关键词： Mass customisation Reconfignrable manufacturing systems Reconfignrable robotic system Analysis synthesis Architecture Adaptability Reconfignrability Configuration design

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Controversial conclusions from two randomized controlled trials for acupuncture’s effects on polycystic ovary syndrome or in vitro fertilization support

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Journal of integrative Medicine 2020年第2期18卷 89-91页

作者： sherman Gu Arthur Yin Fan Federation of Chinese Medicine&Acupuncture societies of Australia Ltd(FCMA) MelbourneVictoria 3150Australia Knox Chinese Healing&Myotherapy Wantirna SouthVictoria 3152Australia American TCM Association ViennaVA 22182USA McLean Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine PLCViennaVA 22182USA

Two reports of trials investigating the potential effect of acupuncture in increasing live birth rate(LBR) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOs) or those undergoing in vitro fertilization(iVF) were published by Journal of American Medical Association in 2017 and 2018 respectively. The trial investigators did not recommend acupuncture for the women with PCOs or iVF based on their findings. This paper raises the concern that the findings that acupuncture did not increase LBR for women with PCOs or undergoing iVF may be the result of methodological flaws in the studies and unintended bias such as use of an invalid control intervention and underestimation of the true acupuncture effect. Therefore, their findings may not be a valid reflection of acupuncture’s effect in improving LBR in women with these clinical conditions.

关键词： Acupuncture Randomized controlled trial Polycystic ovary syndrome Fertilization in vitro Traditional Chinese medicine

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Mechanical responses, texture and microstructural evolution of high purity aluminum deformed by equal channel angular pressing

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Journal of Central south University 2015年第10期22卷 3698-3704页

作者：汪冰峰孙杰英邹金佃 ViNCENT sherman 李娟 school of Materials science and Engineering Central South University Departments of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Nanoengineering University of California Key Lab of Nonferrous Materials of Ministry of Education (Central south University)

Ultrafine-grained(UFG) high purity aluminum exhibits a variety of attractive mechanical properties and special deformation behavior. Equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) process can be used to easily and effectively refine metals. The microstructure and microtexture evolutions and grain boundary characteristics of the high purity aluminum(99.998%) processed by ECAP at room temperature are investigated by means of TEM and EBsD. The results indicate that the shear deformation resistance increases with repeated EACP passes, and equiaxed grains with an average size of 0.9 μm in diameter are formed after five passes. Although the orientations distribution of grains tends to evolve toward random orientations, and microtextures(80°, 35°, 0°),(40°, 75°, 45°) and(0°, 85°, 45°) peak in the sample after five passes. The grain boundaries in UFG aluminum are high-angle geometrically necessary boundaries. it is suggested that the continuous dynamic recrystallization is responsible for the formation of ultrafine grains in high purity aluminum. Microstructure evolution in the high purity aluminum during ECAP is proposed.

关键词： equal channel angular processing(ECAP) aluminum grain refinement microstructure mechanical property

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sports Data Visualization and Data Analysis

Sports Data Visualization and Data Analysis

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作者： sherman Hung 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

Big data analysis is revolutionizing professional sports,influencing everything from game strategy and player conditioning to how fans interact with the *** help understand the underlying information,data visualization techniques are widely used to display data in a straightforward manner,while data analysis is used to extract hidden patterns in *** the advent of sensor technology,basketball is now a sport with diversed data,at the same time possessing many qualities shared by other ***,this paper uses basketball as an example to demonstrate the use of data visualization and data analysis in *** present a multifaceted web-based NBA data visualization system,BasketView,that enables basketball professionals to analyze the game from four perspectives: season level,game level,event level,and region *** level view uses a novel visualization design called BandView,where a combination of bar graph and flow graph is used to visualize win-loss statistics and game statistics *** game level view,two visualizations,namely,Playerstream and GameClock,are coupled together to reveal the changing contributions of all players during a basketball game,as well as all events that take *** complement the game level view,event level view uses a dynamic visualization called CourtChart that animates the movement of on-court players and ***,region level view uses PlayerMap to allow basketball professionals to quickly identify talents within a *** connects all four components with interactive features,providing users an easy-to-use and comprehensive toolbox to analyze basketball games.

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