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The impact of germanium in strained si/relaxed si_(1-x)Ge_x on carrier performance in non-degenerate and degenerate regimes

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Journal of semiconductors 2013年第6期34卷 1-4页

作者： Engsiew Kang s anwar M T Ahmadi Razali Ismail Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81300 SkudaiJohor Malaysia Pennsylvania state University Altoona CollegePennsylvania16601USA

The impact of the fraction of germanium on the carrier performance of two-dimensional strained silicon, which embraces both the non-degenerate and degenerate regimes,is *** this model,the Fermi integral of order zero is *** impact of the fraction of germanium on the relaxed si_（1-x）Ge_x substrate（x）,carrier concentration and temperature is *** is revealed that the effect of x on the hole concentration is dominant for a normalized Fermi energy of more than three,or in other words the non-degenerate *** the contrary, the x gradient has less influence in the degenerate ***,by increasing x there is an increase in the intrinsic velocity,particularly with high carrier concentration and temperature.

关键词： germanium intrinsic velocity siGe hole concentration two dimensional

Allelopathic effects of Mikania cordata on forest and agricultural crops in Bangladesh

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第1期27卷 155-159页

作者： M.K.Hossain s.anwar R.Nandi Institute of Forestry and Environmental sciences University of Chittagong

Mikania cordata, an invasive weed is becom- ing a problem in the secondary degraded forests and plantations of Bangladesh, not only competing with but also releasing allelochemicals to cultivated crops. Allelo- pathic effects of the leaves of M. cordata were investigated through an experiment in the green house of the Institute of Forestry and Environmental sciences, University of Chit- tagong, Bangladesh. Five economically important agricul- tural crops （Oryza sativa L., Triticum aestivum L., Vigna sinensis L., Abelmoschus esculentus L. and Amaranthus tricolor L.） and three forest crops （Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth. ＆ Hook, Albizia procera （Roxb.） Benth., and Paraserianthes falcataria （L.） Nielson） were used as bioassay species. Experiments were conducted on trays at an average room temperature 27 ~C. The effects of dif- ferent concentrations of leaf extracts were compared to controls. Water soluble allelochemicals of M. cordata inhibited the germination and initial growth of the tested agricultural and forest crops. Germination percent of forest crops declined with increasing concentration of extracts. The inhibitory effect on root elongation of forest crops was pronounced, whereas a stimulatory effect was found on P. falcataria up to a concentration of 25 %. Abelmoschus esculentus showed poor germination （%） and low shoot development （0.5 cm） and no development of taproot or lateral roots at treatment of 100 % concentration. Theinhibitory effect was proportional to the concentrations of the extracts with higher concentrations producing stronger inhibitory effects. Lower concentrations showed some stimulatory effect. The inhibitory effect was pronounced in root and lateral root development rather than germination or shoot development of the crops. Mikania cordata should be eradicated for healthy growth and development of the forest and adjacent agricultural crops.

关键词： Mikania cordata Allelopathy Agriculturalcrops Forest crops Germination Growth inhibition

Effect of sintering temperature on structure, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of La_(0.6)Ca_(0.4)MnO_3 manganite

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals society of China 2014年第S1期24卷 141-145页

作者： seung Rok LEE M.s.anwar Faheem AHMED Bon Heun KOO school of Materials science and Engineering Changwon National University

The effect of sintering temperature on the structure, magnetic transition and magnetic entropy of La0.6Ca0.4MnO3 manganite was studied. It was observed that this compound belongs to the orthorhombic structure with the Pnma space group without any impurity phase. The effect of sintering temperature on the Curie temperature(TC) was studied. The small increment in TC is found with increasing the sintering temperature. The magnetocaloric study exposes a quite large change of the magnetic entropy, which varies with sintering temperature. For an applied magnetic field of 3 T and sintering temperature of 1300 °C, the relative cooling power(RCP) is 89 J/kg. As a result, the studied compound can be considered as potential material for magnetic refrigeration near and below room temperature.

关键词： manganite magnetocaloric effect sintering temperature colossal magnetoresistance

Facile synthesis of single-crystalline rutile TiO_2 nano-rods by solution method

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals society of China 2014年第S1期24卷 152-156页

作者： Rehan DANIsH Faheem AHMED Nishat ARsHI M.s.anwar Bon Heun KOO school of Nano and Advanced Materials Engineering Changwon National University

A convenient and scalable technique for the synthesis of rutile titanium dioxide(TiO2) nano-rods was presented by using bulk TiO2 powder, sodium hydroxide(NaOH) and distilled water as raw materials. X-ray diffraction(XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FEsEM) studies indicate that the prepared sample is crystalline and free from any impurities, however, it has no distinct shape and possesses a huge degree of agglomeration, and the average crystal size is around 40 nm. After annealing the sample at 600 °C for 2 h, it is observed through FEsEM that nano-rods are formed. And XRD analysis shows that the nano-rods are single crystalline with distinct and smooth surfaces in different sizes with average length of about 1 μm and diameter of about 80 nm. Further UV-visible spectroscopy and Raman studies were conducted for the prepared sample and the band gap of the final product is found to be 3.40 eV.

关键词： TiO2 nanorods solution method crystal growth rutile

Association of serum bilirubin and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A feasible therapeutic avenue?

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World Journal of Pharmacology 2014年第4期3卷 209-216页

作者： Mohamed s anwar John F Dillon Michael H Miller Gut Group Medical Research Institute Ninewells Hospital and Medical School University of Dundee Dundee DD1 9SY United Kingdom

AIM： To the look at the current strength of evidence and the potential application of anti-oxidants in this ***： Two electronic databases （PubMed and Web of Knowledge） were searched to January 2013 to find studies addressing serum bilirubin levels in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）. The search used key word combinations in relation to NAFLD and serum bilirubin specifc to human adults only. After screening selected studies were reviewed in depth by two inde-pendent reviewers. Data synthesis with further metaanalysis was planned but not possible due to the het-erogeneity of the outcome measures in these ***： Out of 416 studies screened only seven studies were considered suitable for inclusion. All seven studies consistently reported an inverse association of bilirubin with NAFLD despite the heterogeneous sample of studies. Only two studies were prospective. No negative studies were ***： Most studies suggest a correlation between high bilirubin levels of any type are inversely correlated with NAFLD. But to date most of these stud-ies have been poorly designed to allow meaningful con-clusions, except one cohort study. There is a need for a large prospective cohort study in multiple populations to test this hypothesis fully before mechanistic associa-tions can be established and therapeutic options of the apparent anti-oxidant effect of bilirubin be explored in NAFLD. Furthermore these studies should include analysis of UGT1A1 gene to expound upon underlying cause of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia.

关键词： Review systematic Bilirubin Hyperbiliru-binemia Anti-oxidants Adult Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Relaxor ferroelectric behavior of BaBi_(4)Ti_(4)O_(15) aurivillius ceramic

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2013年第2期3卷 52-58页

作者： T.Badapanda R.K.Harichandan A.Mishra s.anwar Department of Physics C.V.Raman College of Engineering BhubaneswarOdisha 752054India Department of Physics Centurion University of Technology&Management BhubaneswarOdisha 751020India Colloids&Materials Chemistry Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology BhubaneswarOdisha 751013India

Aurivillius type compound BaBi_(4)Ti_(4)O_(15)(BBT)ceramic was prepared by solid state reaction route and its electrical properties were studied.X-ray diffraction(XRD)pattern showed orthorhombic structure with space group A21am confirming it to be an m=4 member of the Aurivillius *** scanning electron microscope of the sintered pellet showed a plate-like morphology of grains which is a characteristic feature of the Aurivillius *** temperature and frequency dependence dielectric study showed a shifting of transition temperature with frequency indicating relaxor type behavior in the *** diffuseness parameter(γ)established the relaxor nature and it was attributed to the A-site cationic *** dielectric relaxation obeyed the VogelFulcher(VF)relation and various parameters like activation energy for relaxation,freezing temperature,relaxation frequency were determined after nonlinear curve *** temperature dependence of dielectric constant at temperatures much higher and lower than Tm was analyzed by two exponential functions,which gives an idea about the production of polar clusters at high temperature and the distribution of freezing temperatures at lower *** other associated parameters were calculated by nonlinear curve fitting and their significance has been explained.

关键词： Aurivillius compound diffuse phase transition relaxor ferroelectric P-E loop

Quantum Fisher Information of Two-Level Atomic system under the Influence of Thermal Field, Intrinsic Decoherence, stark Effect and Kerr-Like Medium

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Journal of Quantum Information science 2021年第1期11卷 24-41页

作者： s. Jamal anwar M. Ramzan M. Usman M. Khalid Khan Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

In this paper, we have proposed the numerical calculations to study the quantum entanglement (QE) of moving two-level atom interacting with a coherent and the thermal field influenced by intrinsic decoherence (ID), Kerr medium (non-linear) and the stark effect. The wave function of the complete system interacting with a coherent and the thermal field is calculated numerically affected by ID, Kerr (non-linear) and stark effects. It has been seen that the stark, Kerr, ID and the thermal environment have a significant effect during the time evolution of the quantum system. Quantum Fisher information (QFI) and QE decrease as the value of the ID parameter is increased in the thermal field without the atomic movement. It is seen that QFI and von Neumann entropy (VNE) show an opposite and periodic response in the presence of atomic motion. The non-linear Kerr medium has a more prominent and significant effect on the QE as the value of the Kerr parameter is decreased. At smaller values of the non-linear Kerr parameter, the VNE increases, however, QFI decreases, so QFI and VNE have a monotonic connection with one another. As the value of the Kerr parameter is increased, the effect of non-linear Kerr doesn’t stay critical on both QFI and QE. However, a periodic response of QE is seen because of the atomic movement which becomes modest under natural impacts. Moreover, it has been seen that QFI and QE rot soon at the smaller values of the stark parameter. However, as the value of the stark parameter is increased, the QFI and QE show periodic response even when the atomic movement is absent.

关键词： Quantum Fisher Information (QFI) Intrinsic Decoherence (ID) Thermal Environment Two-Level Atomic system Kerr and stark Effect

Determine the Optimal Density of Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Fingerlings Cultured in Floating Cages

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Natural Resources 2021年第1期12卷 1-9页

作者： B. A. El Nouman O. A. Egbal Y. A. sana M. s. anwar A. A. Eman F. A. Yosif school of Fish science Al Neelain University Khartoum Sudan

The objective of the study was to determine the optimal density of fingerlings of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture in floating cages with respect to growth performance and to know the effect of temperature on growth during the winter period. Tilapia fingerlings (mean weight 8.5 ± 0.36 g) were stocked at densities of 120, 180 and 360 fish/msup>3sup> for 10 weeks. During culture, fish were fed a diet contains 35% protein made of peanut seed, cottonseed, wheat bran, and sorghum. The results showed that the increase in fish density reduced the final weight of the fish. The percentage of the fish weight increased and reached 111% ± 1.45% in the lowest fish density (120 fish/msup>3sup>), 79% ± 1.87% in the medium density (240 fish/msup>3sup>), and 63% ± 2.03% of high fish density (360 fish/msup>3sup>), therefore the daily growth rate was better in the lowest density. The rate of food conversion ratio was also better in the lowest density with 2.17 ± 0.33, followed by the medium density with 2.79 ± 0.28 and then the highest density with 3.09 ± 0.21. However, the total production in the cage increased with increasing fish density, and the return to the cost of food was better with higher fish density. According to various performance evaluation criteria, it can be concluded that the medium density 240 fish/msup>3sup> is the best for growing Nile tilapia fingerlings in floating cages. It was observed that the growth rates of the three treatments were low due to the decrease in water temperature in most of the study period, which may indicate the useless of culture in cages in the winter season.

关键词： Cage Culture stocking Density Nile Tilapia Fingerlings Growth Performance sudan

MHD flow of a viscous fluid on a nonlinear porous shrinking sheet with homotopy analysis method

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2009年第12期30卷 1569-1578页

作者： s. Nadeem anwar Hussain Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University

The present paper investigates the magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） flow of a viscous fluid towards a nonlinear porous shrinking *** governing equations are simplified by similarity *** reduced problem is then solved by the homotopy analysis *** pertinent parameters appearing in the problem are discussed graphically and presented in *** is found that the shrinking solutions exist in the presence of *** is also observed from the tables that the solutions for f（0） with different values of parameters are convergent.

关键词： MHD flow stagnation flow shrinking sheet homotopy analysis method