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The second law of geography for a spatially enabled economy

International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第10期10卷 979-995页

作者： Tim Foresman ruth luscombe International Center for Remote Sensing Education(ICRSED) ElkridgeMDUSA

Location has proven axiomatic as an economic variable throughout human ***’s first law of geography introduced the importance of location;in that,near things are more related than far *** an age of digital economies,a new research frontier exists where everything is more related to everything else and has an increased economic value from spatially enabled *** accessibility of digital-spatial information has brought economic geographers to a new understanding of markets within a Digital Earth *** importance of location to economic value can be expected to grow as the Internet of Things develops in *** business models enter and disrupt established markets with innovative spatially enabled approaches.A successful penetration of established markets suggests a new business model for financial and functional utility by engaging spatially enabled *** second law of geography is introduced as a conceptual framework to comprehend the economic potential of spatially enabled information.A comparative analysis of non-spatial versus spatial web agents provides a quantitative framework to demonstrate the benefits of the Digital Earth economy.

关键词： Spatial data transacting agents linear programming economic geography Internet of Things Digital Earth economy

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Volar locking distal radius plates show better short-term results than other treatment options: A prospective randomised controlled trial

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第10期7卷 687-694页

作者： Herwig Drobetz Lidia Koval Patrick Weninger ruth luscombe Paula Jeffries Stefan Ehrendorfer Clare Heal Orthopaedic Department Mackay Base Hospital James Cook University School of Medicine and Dentistry Orthopaedic Department the Prince Charles Hospital Orthopaedic Hospital Speising Mathematical Science School Queensland University of Technology Orthopaedic Department Kantons Hospital Uri Department of General Practice Mackay Base Hospital James Cook University School of Medicine and Dentistry Anton Breinl Research Centre for Health Systems Strengthening James Cook University

AIM To compare the outcomes of displaced distal radius fractures treated with volar locking plates and with immediate postoperative mobilisation with the outcomes of these fractures treated with modalities that necessitate 6 wk wrist *** A prospective, randomised controlled single-centre trial was conducted with 56 patients who had a displaced radius fracture were randomised to treatment either with a volar locking plate(n = 29), or another treatment modality(n = 27; cast immobilisation with or without wires or external fixator). Outcomes were measured at 12 wk. Functional outcome scores measured were the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation(PRWE) Score; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand and activities of daily living(ADLs). Clinical outcomes were wrist range of motion and grip strength. Radiographic parameters were volar inclination and ulnar *** Patients in the volar locking plate group had significantly better PRWE scores, ADL scores, grip strength and range of extension at three months compared with the control group. All radiological parameters were significantly better in the volar locking plate group at 3 mo. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that volar locking plates produced significantly better functional and clinical outcomes at 3 mo compared with other treatment modalities. Anatomical reduction was significantly more likely to be preserved in the plating group. Level of evidence: Ⅱ.

关键词： Volar locking distal radius plate Prospective randomised controlled Postoperative mobilisation Distal radius fracture Short-term outcome

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