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In vitro angiogenesis in response to biomaterial properties for bone tissue engineering:a review of the state of the art

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 744-783页

作者： Else Ellermann Nima Meyer ruth E.Cameron Serena M.Best Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK

Bone tissue engineering(BTE)aims to improve the healing of bone fractures using scaffolds that mimic the native extracellular *** successful bone regeneration,scaffolds should promote simultaneous bone tissue formation and blood vessel growth for nutrient and waste ***,a significant challenge in regenerative medicine remains the development of grafts that can be vascularized *** other things,optimization of physicochemical conditions of scaffolds is key to achieving appropriate angiogenesis in the period immediately following *** phosphates and collagen scaffolds are two of the most widely studied biomaterials for BTE,due to their close resemblance to inorganic and organic components of bone,respectively,and their bioactivity,tunable biodegradability and the ability to produce tailored *** various strategies exist to enhance vascularization of these scaffolds in vivo,further in vitro assessment is crucial to understand the relation between physicochemical properties of a biomaterial and its ability to induce *** mono-culture studies can provide evidence regarding cell-material interaction of a single cell type,a co-culture procedure is crucial for assessing the complex mechanisms involved in angiogenesis.A co-culture more closely resembles the natural tissue both physically and biologically by stimulating natural intercellular interactions and mimicking the organization of the in vivo ***,a co-culture is a complex system requiring optimization of various parameters including cell types,cell ratio,culture medium and seeding *** fundamental knowledge of the mechanism behind the bioactivity of biomaterials and understanding the contribution of surface and architectural features to the vascularization of scaffolds,and the biological response in general,can provide an invaluable basis for future optimization *** review gives an overview of the

关键词： angiogenesis collagen scaffolds hydroxyapatite co-culture architectural features physicochemical properties

Alpine Ecosystems of Northwest Yunnan,China:an Initial Assessment for Conservation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2007年第3期4卷 181-192页

作者： ruth Sherman Renee Mullen LI Haomin FANG Zhendong WANG Yi Department o/Natural Resources Cornell University Ithaca NY14853 USACorresponding author The Nature Conservancy Boise ID 83702 USA The Nature Conservancy China Program Kunming Yunnan PRC Shangri-la Alpine Botanical Institute Zhongdian Yunnan PRC State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyThe Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing PRC

Implementing conservation actions on-the-ground is not a straightforward process,especially when faced with high scientific uncertainty due to limited available information. This is especially acute in regions of the world that harbor many unique species that have not been well studied,such as the alpine zone of the Hengduan Mountains of Northwest Yunnan (NWY),a global biodiversity hotspot and site of The Nature Conservancy’s Yunnan Great Rivers Project. We conducted a quantitative,but rapid regional-level assessment of the alpine flora across NWY to provide a broad-based understanding of local and regional patterns of the alpine flora,the first large-scale analysis of alpine biodiversity patterns in this region. Multivariate analyses were used to classify the major plant community types and link community patterns to habitat variables. Our analysis indicated that most species had small distributions and/or small population sizes. Strong patterns emerged with higher diversity in the more northern mountains,but beta diversity was high,averaging only 10% among sites. The ordinations indicated that elevation and geographic location were the dominant environ-mental gradients underlying the differences in the species composition among communities. The high beta diversity across the alpine of these mountains implies that conservation strategies ultimately will require the protection of large numbers of species over a large geographical area. However,prioritiza-tion should be given to areas where potential payoffs are greatest. Sites with high species richness also have a greater number of endemic species,and,by focusing efforts on these sites,conservation investments would be maximized by protecting the greatest number of unique species.

关键词： Biodiversity hotspot cluster analysis plant community ecology conservation action grazing Hengduan Mountains non-metric multidimensional scaling plant species richness World Heritage Site Yunnan Great Rivers Project(YGRP) alpine ecosystems China

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Enhanced apoptosis in post-liver transplant hepatitis C:Effects of virus and immunosuppressants

作者： (美)ruth Siburt

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第18期18卷 2172-2179页

作者： Eu Jin Lim ruth Chin Peter W Angus Joseph Torresi Liver Transplant Unit Austin HospitalHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneAustin HealthHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia Department of Infectious Diseases Austin HospitalHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia

Hepatitis C(HCV)-infected patients have a poorer survival post-liver transplantation compared to patients transplanted for other indications,since HCV recurrence post-transplant is universal and commonly follows an aggressive *** is increasing evidence that in the non-transplant setting,induction of hepatocyte apoptosis is one of the main mechanisms by which HCV drives liver inflammation and fibrosis,and that HCV proteins directly promote *** studies have shown that post-liver transplant,there is a link between high levels of HCV replication,enhanced hepatocyte apoptosis and the subsequent development of rapidly progressive liver *** the responsible mechanisms remain unclear,it is likely that immunosuppressive drugs play an important *** is well known that immunosuppressants impair immune control of HCV,thereby allowing increased viral *** there is also evidence that immunosuppressants may directly induce apoptosis and this may be facilitated by the presence of high levels of HCV *** HCV and immunosuppressants may synergistically interact to further enhance apoptosis and drive more rapid *** findings suggest that modulation of apoptosis within the liver either by changing immunosuppressive therapy or the use of apoptosis inhibitors may help prevent fibrosis progression in patients with post-transplant HCV disease.

关键词： Hepatitis C Liver transplantation Apoptosis Immunosuppressive agents transforming growth factor-β

A new precision medicine initiative at the dawn of exascale computing

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第2期6卷 215-222页

作者： ruth Nussinov Hyunbum Jang Guy Nir Chung-Jung Tsai Feixiong Cheng Computational Structural Biology Section Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer ImmunometabolismNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMD 21702USA Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Genetics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Genomic Medicine Institute Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44106USA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44195USA

Which signaling pathway and protein to selea to mitigate the patient's expected drug resistance?The number of possibilities facing the physician is massive,and the drug combination should fit the patient ***,we briefly review current approaches and data and map an innovative patient-specific strategy to forecast drug resistance targets that centers on parallel(or redundant)proliferation pathways in specialized *** considers the availability of each protein in each pathway in the specific cell,its activating mutations,and the chromatin accessibility of its encoding *** construction of the resulting Proliferation Pathway Network Atlas will harness the emerging exascale computing and advanced artificial intelligence(Al)methods for therapeutic *** the resulting set of targets,pathways,and proteins,with current strategies will augment the choice for the attending physicians to thwart resistance.

关键词： computing Atlas artificial

Improving the electrochemical performance of α-MoO_(3) electrode using aluminium trifluoromethanesulfonate water-in-salt electrolyte

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 123-134,I0004页

作者： Ayman E.Elkholy Timothy T.Duignan ruth Knibbe Xiu Song Zhao School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt Lucia CampusBrisbane 4072Australia School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandSt Lucia CampusBrisbane 4072Australia

Orthorhombic molybdenum trioxide(α-MoO_(3)) electrode material experiences severe capacity fading and poor cycling stability in aqueous *** investigated the charge-storage performance of α-MoO_(3) electrode in aluminium trifluoromethanesulfonate(Al(OTf)_(3))-based salt-in-water electrolyte(SiWE) and water-in-salt electrolyte(WiSE).It was found that α-MoO_(3) electrode exhibits significantly different cycling stabilities in both electrolytes with capacity retentions of 8% using the former and87% using the *** is because α-MoO_(3) electrode maintains its crystal structure upon cycling in WiSE,but experiences substantial structural collapses and partial dissolution upon cycling in *** behaviour was inferred from both operando electrogravimetry and ex situ *** results suggest that the predominant charge-storage mechanism in a-MoO_(3) electrode using WiSE is the intercalation of protons produced from electrolyte hydrolysis with some contribution from surface pseudocapacitance enabled by Al3+ions.A two-volt full cell fabricated from α-MoO_(3) electrode as anode and copper hexacyanoferrate(CuHCF) electrode as cathode using WiSE delivers volumetric and gravimetric energies of 10.4 Wh/L and 26.5 Wh/kg,respectively,with 78% capacity retention after 2500 *** study provides an insightful understanding of the electrochemical performance of α-MoO_(3) electrode in Al(OTf)_(3)-based electrolytes.

关键词： Molybdenum oxide Aqueous electrolyte Water-in-salt electrolyte Aqueous batteries Pseudocapacitance

Immunogenetic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel diseases:Role of the IBD3 region

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第41期20卷 15037-15048页

作者： Manuel Muro ruth López-Hernández Anna Mrowiec Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd) Immunology ServiceUniversity Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca

Many studies have demonstrated the linkage between the IBD3 region (6p21.1-23), an area which encompasses the famous human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, and Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD3 is the only region that meets genome-wide significance, and provides stronger evidence of the linkage than 16p13.1-16q12.2 (IBD1), the locus that contains the susceptibility gene CARD15. However, despite these findings, IBD3 susceptibility genes remain elusive and unclear due to the strong linkage disequilibrium, extensive polymorphism, and high gene density that characterize this area and also due to varying allele frequencies in populations around the world. This area presents an extremely high abundance of genes, including the classical and non-classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II genes, and other genes, namely MHC class III genes tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and -β, and Hsp, whose proteins play key functions in immunological processes. To date, it is not clear which genes within the MHC family contribute to the IBD pathogenesis, although certain HLA alleles have been associated with IBD. Recent insights into the biological function of other genes encoded within the IBD3 region, such as the MHC class I chain-related (MIC) genes, have led investigators to a more comprehensive exploration of this region. MHC class I chain-related molecule A (MICA) is highly polymorphic and interacts with NKG2D, its receptor on the surface of NK, Tγδ and T CD8+ cells. Increased expression of MICA in intestinal epithelial cells and increased expression of NKG2D in CD4+ T cells (lamina propria) in patients with CD have also been reported. MICA alleles have also been associated with IBD, and a variation at amino acid position 129 of the α2-heavy chain domain seems to categorize MICA alleles into strong and weak binders of NKG2D rece

关键词： IBD3 Tumor necrosis factor MICA HLA Inflammatory bowel disease

Understanding the “Horizontal Dimension” of Molecular Evolution to Annotate, Classify, and Discover Proteins with Functional Domains

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第1期25卷 82-94页

作者： Gloria Rendon Mao-Feng Ger ruth Kantorovitz Shreedhar Natarajan Jeffrey Tilson Eric Jakobsson National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Mathematics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Biology University of Pennsylvania Renaissance Computing Institute

Protein evolution proceeds by two distinct processes： 1） individual mutation and selection for adaptive mutations and 2） rearrangement of entire domains within proteins into novel combinations, producing new protein families that combine functional properties in ways that previously did not exist. Domain rearrangement poses a challenge to sequence alignment-based search methods, such as BLAST, in predicting homology since the methodology implicitly assumes that related proteins primarily differ from each other by individual mutations. Moreover, there is ample evidence that the evolutionary process has used （and continues to use） domains as building blocks, therefore, it seems fit to utilize computational, domain-based methods to reconstruct that process. A challenge and opportunity for computational biology is how to use knowledge of evolutionary domain recombination to characterize families of proteins whose evolutionary history includes such recombination, to discover novel proteins, and to infer protein-protein interactions. In this paper we review techniques and databases that exploit our growing knowledge of “horizontal” protein evolution, and suggest possible areas of future development. We illustrate the power of the domain-based methods and the possible directions of future development by a case history in progress aiming at facilitating a particular approach to understanding microbial pathogenicity.

关键词： domain-based discovery domain-based orthology domain interactions InterPro MEME/MAST

A Research on Communication in Mathematics Classroom in Secondary Schools in Machakos County, Kenya

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A Research on Communication in Mathematics Classroom in Seco...

作者： ruth Mutanu Mulumba 东北师范大学

学位级别：硕士

数学课堂中的交流直接影响着教师对于数学概念的传达与学生的数学学业表现。数学教学中的课堂交流在最近的中学数学研究中成为热点。在肯尼亚,大多数中学的数学学业表现都不佳,缺乏有效的课堂交流被认为是影响学生数学学业表现的一个重...

数学课堂中的交流直接影响着教师对于数学概念的传达与学生的数学学业表现。数学教学中的课堂交流在最近的中学数学研究中成为热点。在肯尼亚,大多数中学的数学学业表现都不佳,缺乏有效的课堂交流被认为是影响学生数学学业表现的一个重要因素。因此,本研究以肯尼亚马查科斯地区为例,探究了中学数学教学过程中的课堂交流问题。具体地说,探究了教师相关和学生相关的影响课堂交流的一系列因素,目前数学课堂中流行的交流模式,以及数学课堂交流面临的挑战。本研究的理论框架改编自Bamlund (2008)的交流转化模式。本研究主要采用调查法,主要是的数据收集工具是问卷,辅之以访谈。本研究包括来自东肯尼亚马查斯克地区的8所公立中学的43位数学教师和143名学生。量化的数据通过问卷收集并进行了描述性分析;质化的数据通过发掘讨论中的重要主题进行了主题研究。量化和质化的研究结果都显示,绝大部分的教师和学生对于数学课堂上的交流有着积极的态度,并且能够在日常生活中较熟练的掌握使用数学语言和数学应用。并且,教师自身的数学背景,在教学过程中的清晰度,以及数学教师对于数学教学的兴趣,并未对他们的数学教学带来太多影响。这些积极的属性都对于数学课堂上的有效交流做出贡献。然而,当下大多数样本学校中最常用的数学课堂交流模式是贡献的交流模式。开放式问题的使用和小组讨论的方式被发现在大多数数学课堂中还十分缺失。同时,低水平的师生交互作用,缺乏教学资源,学生的缺席和大班额,也被认为是数学课堂交流面临的主要挑战。这些因素也可能正是造成数学课堂师生交流无效的原因。为了促进有效的课堂交流和帮助学生更好的理解数学概念,本研究建议教师在数学课堂交流中平衡关注点(关注自己,关注任务,与关注效果),并经常使用开放式问题和小组讨论的方法。与此同时,教育部门,学校教育管理者和相关教育权威应该致力于解决师生比,教学资源与确保数学教师专业发展、提高教师专业能力与教学技能。这些措施都能促进有效的数学课堂交流。

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