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Technological parameters of thin-film pulsed laser scribing for perovskite photovoltaics

Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 127-135页

作者： rustam.ishteev Pavel Gostishchev Mariia Tiukhova Anton Sorokin Arthur ishteev Vladimir Kondratenko Laboratory of Precision Machining of Materials Department of NanoelectronicsInstitute for Advanced Technologies and Industrial ProgrammingRTU MIREAMoscowRussia Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department MoscowRussia Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy(LASE) National University of Science and Technology MISIS4 Leninsky St.MoscowRussia Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences(RAS)4 Kosygina str.MoscowRussia

Over the past decade,the power conversion efficiency of halide perovskite solar cells has shown a rapid increase to 26.1%.The significant efficiency growth and the relative simplification of the technology for obtaining thin-film solar cells due to liquid printing methods determine the high potential for the low-cost perovskite solar cells ***,efficient use of cell geometry is comparable to the size of standard crystalline-Si wafers(156:156 mm and more).Therefore,modular geometry similar to amorphous-Si solar cell approaches is used to scale perovskite solar *** electrical connection of thin-film cells requires precise processing of the conductive layers that form the device p-i-n *** subject of research is the development of a full pulsed laser scribing cycle for inverted perovskite solar *** this work,we propose a study of a laser-patterning technology In_(2)O_(3):SnO_(2)(ITO)conductive layer and a photoactive perovskite layer Cs0,2(CH(NH_(2))_(2))_(0,8)PbI_(3).Process regimes of transparent conducting electrodes based on ITO and halide perovskite layer Cs_(0,2)(CH(NH_(2))_(2))_(0,8)PbI_(3)laser patterning were *** optimal parameters for the multipass mode processing of ITO and perovskite layer were *** cell was electrically isolated at a scribe line width of 30μm.

关键词： patterning perovskite solar cell perovskite solar cell photovoltaics scribing

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Impact of climate change on food security in the Central Asian countries

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 268-280页

作者： Fang SU Yu LIU Lvfan CHEN rustam OROZBAEV Liangcheng TAN School of Economics and Management Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China School of Economics and Management Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Institute of Geology National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz RepublicBishkek 720040Kyrgyzstan Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The current and potential impacts of global warming have generated widespread concerns about food security among all sectors of *** Asian countries located deep in the interior of Asia with fragile ecological environments and lower agricultural technology are particularly more prone to severe threats from climate *** on panel data acquired in five Central Asian countries from 1990 to 2019,a C-D-C model was developed to study how climate change affects food security in the region and to predict future *** study found that the level of food security has generally increased for these five Central Asian countries over the past 30 years,with Kazakhstan and Tajikistan having the highest and lowest food security levels,*** average annual temperature and precipitation exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship with the region’s food security,with the most positive effect on the food security of *** high and low temperatures have significantly affected food security in the studied region,with Turkmenistan experiencing the most significant negative *** number of frost days had no significant effect on food *** analysis of future climate showed that the temperature and precipitation in Central Asia will continue to increase from 2030 to 2090,which will negatively impact the food security of these *** is recommended that the Central Asian countries enhance their understanding of climate risks,strengthen scientific climate research,and develop multiple adaptation strategies in ***,they are encouraged to consolidate international cooperation,reducing greenhouse gas emissions effectively and maintaining the ability to ensure food security.

关键词： Global warming Extreme climate Food security Future forecasts Five Central Asian countries

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气候变化对中亚五国粮食安全的影响

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第1期54卷 281-293页

作者：苏芳刘钰陈律凡 rustam OROZBAEV 谭亮成西北大学经济管理学院西安710127 陕西科技大学经济与管理学院西安710021 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室西安710061 Institute of Geology National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz RepublicBishkek 720040Kyrgyzstan 西安交通大学全球环境变化研究院西安710049

随着全球气候变暖趋势的逐渐加剧,气候变化对粮食安全造成的影响引发社会各界广泛关注.中亚国家深处亚洲内陆,生态环境脆弱,农业技术较低,面临着严峻的气候变化威胁.基于1990~2019年中亚五国的面板数据,构建了C-D-C模型,研究气候变化对... 详细信息

随着全球气候变暖趋势的逐渐加剧,气候变化对粮食安全造成的影响引发社会各界广泛关注.中亚国家深处亚洲内陆,生态环境脆弱,农业技术较低,面临着严峻的气候变化威胁.基于1990~2019年中亚五国的面板数据,构建了C-D-C模型,研究气候变化对该区粮食安全的影响,并预测未来发展趋势.研究发现,过去30年中亚五国粮食安全水平整体呈上升趋势,其中哈萨克斯坦粮食安全指数较高,而塔吉克斯坦粮食安全水平较低.年均温和年降水对五国的粮食安全影响存在倒U型关系,其中对哈萨克斯坦粮食安全的积极影响最大;极端高温和极端低温对中亚五国粮食安全具有显著的负向影响,其中对土库曼斯坦粮食安全的消极影响最大;霜冻日数对粮食安全的影响不显著.未来气候预测结果显示, 2030~2090年中亚气温和降水量有继续升高趋势,整体将对五国粮食安全具有持续抑制作用.建议各国提高气候风险认识,加强气候科学研究,提前制定多方适应策略;同时,加强国际合作,有效减少温室气体排放,强化保障粮食安全的能力.

关键词：全球变暖极端气候粮食安全未来预测中亚五国

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Age and petrogenesis of the newly discovered Early Permian granite in the Kumtor gold field， Kyrgyz Tien-Shan

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Kyiazbek Asilbekov rustam Orozbaev Etienne Skrzypek Christoph Hauzenberger Elena Ivleva Daniela Gallhofer Jian-Feng Gao Nikolay Pak Anatoliy Shevkunov Anatoliy Bashkirov Aizat Zhaanbaeva Institute of Geology， National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic Institute of Earth Sciences， University of Graz State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry， Institute of Geochemistry， Chinese Academy of Sciences Kumtor Gold Company CJSC

Permian intrusions are widespread in the Middle and Southern Tien Shan， with fewer occurrences in the Northern Tien-Shan. Notably， many of these intrusions are spatially associated with a variety of ore deposits， indicating a significant link between magmatic activity and mineralization processes in these areas. We studied granite samples recently recovered from drilling in the Kumtor gold field to evaluate their potential relationships with gold mineralization. We report major and trace element geochemistry， zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotope data for this so-called Kumtor granite. The Kumtor granite is metaluminous to peraluminous and belongs to the high-K and calc-alkaline series with I-type geochemical characteristics. The relatively high K2O and Na2O concentrations and low high field strength elements （HFSE） and heavy rare earth elements （HREE）， the presence of biotite within these I-type granites， together with their low zircon saturation temperatures （731–779 °C）， suggest that they were likely derived from a hydrous source formed by dehydration melting of mica-bearing， medium- to high-K metabasaltic rocks. Our zircon U-Pb dating results indicate that the Kumtor granite intruded at 293 ± 1.7 Ma， which is consistent with the age range of other Middle Tien-Shan granitoids. The zircon Hf isotopic composition is εHf（t）= –7.56 to –5.05， indicating an ancient （1.39 to 1.52 Ga） crustal origin. Petrographical， geochemical and geochronological data indicate that the Kumtor granite is similar to leuco-granites of the Terekty complex. Our results indicate that the Kumtor granite was emplaced in the early Permian in a post-collision setting and may have temporal and genetic relationships with gold mineralization.

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Modelling the nesting-habitat of threatened vulture species in the caucasus:An ecosystem approach to formalising environmental factors in species distribution models

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 572-585页

作者： rustam Pshegusov Victoria Chadaeva Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories of Russian Academy of Science I.Armand Str.37а360051NalchikRussia

Abiotic factors play an important role in species localisation,but biotic and anthropogenic predictors must also be considered in distribution modelling for models to be biologically *** this study,we formalised the biotic predictors of nesting sites for four threatened Caucasian vultures by including species distribution models(wild ungulates,nesting tree species)as biotic layers in the vulture Maxent *** was applied in the R dismo package and the best set of the model parameters were defined in the R ENMeval *** metrics were continuous Boyce index,Akaike's information criterion,the area under receiver operating curve and true skill *** also calculated and evaluated the null *** density estimation method was applied to assess the overlap of vulture ecological niches in the environmental *** accessibility of anthropogenic food resources was estimated using the Path Distance measure that considers elevation *** availability of pine forests(Scots Pine)and wild ungulates(Alpine Chamois and Caucasian Goat)contributed the most(29.6%and 34.3%)to Cinereous Vulture(Aegypius monachus)nesting site *** ungulate distribution also contributed significantly(about 46%)to the Bearded Vulture(Gypaetus barbatus)*** scavenger nests in the highlands of the Caucasus at a minimum distance of 5–10 km from anthropogenic *** contrast,livestock as a food source was most important in colony distribution of Griffon Vulture(Gyps fulvus).The contribution of distances to settlements and agricultural facilities to the model was 45%.The optimal distance from Egyptian Vulture(Neophron percnopterus)nesting sites to settlements was only 3–10 km,to livestock facilities no more than 15 km with the factor contribution of about 57%.Excluding the wild ungulate availability,the ecological niches of studied vultures overlapped *** similar foraging and nesting requirements,Caucasian vultures are no

关键词： Caucasian vultures Ecological niche differentiation Maxent Nesting sites Species distribution models

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Some Theorems on Leibniz n-Algebras from the Category U_(n)(Lb)

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Algebra Colloquium 2021年第1期28卷 155-168页

作者： Min Soo Kim rustam Turdibaev Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN 37235USA V.I.Romanovskiy Institute of Mathematics Uzbekistan Academy of SciencesUniversity Street 4bTashkent 100174Uzbekistan AKFA University 1st Deadlock 10Kukcha DarvozaTashkent 100095Uzbekistan

We study the Leibniz n-algebra U_(n)(L),whose multiplication is defined via the bracket of a Leibniz algebra L as[x1,…,xn]=[x1,[…,[xn−2,[xn−1,xn]]…]].We show that U_(n)(L)is simple if and only if L is a simple Lie *** analog of Levi's theorem for Leibniz algebras in U_(n)(Lb)is established and it is proven that the Leibniz n-kernel of U_(n)(L)for any semisimple Leibniz algebra L is the n-algebra U_(n)(L).

关键词： Leibniz n-algebra Leibniz n-kernel simple Leibniz n-algebra Levi decomposition

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Migration of organic carbon and trace elements in the system glacier-soil in the Central Caucasus alpine environment

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第12期19卷 3458-3474页

作者： Ivan KUSHNOV Evgeny ABAKUMOV rustam TEMBOTOV Timur NIZAMUTDINOV Saint Petersburg State University 7/9 University EmbankmentSt Petersburg199034Russia Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories of Russian Academy of Sciences 7a I.Armand StreetNalchik360051Russia

Rapid deglaciation is one of the most important challenges in the Earth science *** reason of this is specific supraglacial sediments–cryoconites,which represent carbon-containing dust with organomineral matter and living *** of physical and chemical characteristics of cryoconites in the Central Caucasus is necessary in order to understand their influence on alpine territories biogeochemical cycles,pollution and development in conditions of intensive glacial melting and active anthropogenic *** this research cryoconites as well as moraines,soil-like bodies and soils have been sampled from the alpine Bezengi Glacier and adjacent Khulamo-Bezengi *** physicochemical features(pH values,total organic carbon content,microbial respiration,particle-size distribution)as well as content of trace elements have been defined in sampled materials and several pollution indices(Geoaccumulation index,Contamination factor and Degree of pollution)have been *** obtained show low values of total organic carbon in cryoconites(max.0.23%)but high values(max.7.54%)in top horizon of soils located in floodplain,indicating its active fluvioglacial transfer which may further accelerate the development of *** activity in the studied soils was mostly influenced by additional input of labile organic carbon from cryoconites with water ***-size distribution was similar among the studied cryoconites,indicating dominance of sand fraction(up to 85.28%)while studied soils showed higher variability due to influence of *** the trace elements,cryoconites were mostly polluted by Zn(max.85.70 mg·kg^(-1))which corresponds to high pollution according to pollution indices;Pb(max.24.90 mg·kg^(-1))and Cu(max.17.40 mg·kg^(-1)),up to moderate pollution *** of polluted cryoconite material as well as local anthropogenic activities increased pollution of periglacial soils by Zn(max.89.20 mg·kg^(-1)),Pb(m

关键词： Cryoconites Umbrisols Leptosols Pollution Caucasus mountain range

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Geochemistry of cryoconite and soils in the Central Caucasus region and its environmental implications

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第12期18卷 3109-3124页

作者： Ivan KUSHNOV Evgeny ABAKUMOV rustam TEMBOTOV Vyacheslav POLYAKOV Saint Petersburg State University 7/9 University EmbankmentSt Petersburg 199034Russian Federation Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories Russian Academy of Sciences37-a I.Armand Str.Nalchik360051Russian Federation

Climate change and deglaciation are active processes in current changing *** the Central Caucasus region rapid degradation of glaciers is caused often by the formation of superficial blackcolored *** plays a crucial role in changing ecosystems and may contribute to the formation of primary soils after glacier *** the past 20 years,the frequency of mudflows and other dangerous mountain events have increased in the Central Caucasus,which is associated with the glacial *** of tourism results in increasing of traffic,recreational activity and environment *** of the cryoconites geochemical properties in comparison with other types of sediments and local soils is crucial for investigation of geochemistry and contamination state of superficial glacial *** environmental aspect is important in terms of the Central Caucasus settlements safety under conditions of deglaciation and anthropogenic *** sediments studied(cryoconite,mudflow,moraine)were sampled at Garabashi and Skhelda glaciers as well as some local soils at the Baksan *** materials were investigated in terms of physicochemical and agrochemical *** concentrations of trace elements(Cu,Pb,Zn,Ni,Cd)were also determined and contamination indices(geoaccumulation index-Igeo,contamination factor-CF and degree of contamination-Cdegree)were used to evaluate the pollution status of studied *** obtained shows much higher content of organic carbon in soils(up to 7.82%)in comparison with cryoconite(max.1.63%)due to presence of vegetation,however,the basal respiration values in some cases were similar betweenсryoconite and soils,indicating high rates of microbial activity in a cryoconite *** was found that almost all materials studied have sandy *** sediments on both of the glaciers are enriched with phosphorus,high values of K_(2)O(max.298 mg·kg^(-1))and N-NH4(max.

关键词： Cryoconite Trace elements Entisols Contamination Central Caucasus

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High cyclic fatigue performance of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy under T6 and T840 conditions

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第6期27卷 1215-1223页

作者： Marat GAZIZOV rustam KAIBYSHEV Belgorod State University Pobeda 85 Belgorod 308015 Russia

High cyclic fatigue(HCF)behavior of an AA2139alloy belonging to Al-Cu-Mg-Ag system in T6and T840conditionswas *** T840treatment involving cold rolling with a40%reduction prior to peak ageing provides an increase in tensilestrength compared with the ***,fatigue lifetime for two material conditions was nearly the same since there isweak effect of thermomechanical processing on micro-mechanisms of crack initiation and growth.

关键词： Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy thermomechanical processing microstructure fatigue life fractography

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Large Scale Mass Movements Triggered by the Kashmir Earthquake 2005,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第1期11卷 19-30页

作者： Muhammad BASHARAT Joachim ROHN Mirza Shahid BAIG Muhammad rustam KHAN Markus SCHLEIER GeoZentrum Nordbayern Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg Institute of Geology University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir

The SPOT image analysis in Muzaffarabad Azad Kashmir,northwest Himalayas,Pakistan reveals that the Kashmir earthquake 2005 triggered a number of coseismic mass movements along the hanging wall block of the Muzaffarabad *** Neelidandi and Langarpura rock falls have been identified as two major reactivated mass movements with an estimated volume of 3.1 × 106m3and 5.76 × 106m3,*** Neelidandi and Langarpura mass movements were initiated during earthquake in the direction of northwest-southeast extension and northeastsouthwest directed thrusting,*** Neelidandi rock fall occurred in sheared cherty dolomites and limestones of the Cambrian Muzaffarabad Formation,whereas the Langarpura rock fall occurred in alternating clays,shales,claystones,siltstones and sandstones of the Miocene Murree *** rock units along the fault are highly fractured and *** geotechnical maps and geological longitudinal profiles show the relationship between the geometrical characteristics and mechanism of these mass *** characteristics were analyzed according to the role of topographic,seismic,geological and tectonic *** steep topography,sheared rocks,lithology,coseismic uplift and strong ground shaking of the hanging wall block along Muzaffarabad Fault facilitated the gravity collapse of these mass movements.

关键词： Coseismic mass movements Himalayas Muzaffarabad Fault Geological and tectonic factors Earthquake Rock fall

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