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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第10期6卷 935-943页

作者： Kaustav chakraborty Joyjit Saha Utpal Raychaudhuri runu chakraborty Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata India

Vinegar made from corncob, an agricultural waste product of corn, is of interest in terms of its potential as a new functional condiment with physiological characteristics derived from polyphenols. The advent of food out of waste using lignocellulosic substrates is a modern biotechnological approach to enhance sustainability. The fermentation parameters for production of fermented vinegar from corncobs were optimized. The ethanolic fermentation was completed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in 52 hours at 36℃ producing 3.16% (v/v) ethanol. The acetic acid fermentation was carried out by Acetobacter aceti in 48 hours at 34℃for producing vinegar having 3.91% (w/v) acetic acid. Total phenolic compound of corncob wine and vinegar was reported as 49 mg/100ml and 43 mg/100ml respectively. Total flavonoid content was determined to be about 12 mg/100ml of corncob wine and 9 mg/100ml of corncob vinegar. Corncob wine and vinegar showed highest antioxidant activity with 39% and 37.94% respectively. The structural change during the two step fermentation was also confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The Hunter color value of the corn cob vinegar was also evaluated. With the current trend of shifting to natural products, corncob vinegar with better health benefits and economic significance, certainly scores high above its synthetic counterpart.

关键词： Corncob Vinegar Antioxidant Color SEM

Significant increase in HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis infections among blood donors in West Bengal, Eastern India 2004-2005: Exploratory screening reveals high frequency of occult HBV infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第27期13卷 3730-3733页

作者： Prasun Bhattacharya Partha Kumar Chandra Sibnarayan Datta Arup Banerjee Subhashish chakraborty Krishnan Rajendran Subir Kumar Basu Sujit Kumar Bhattacharya runu Chakravarty Institute of Blood Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology Kolkata India ICMR Virus Unit Kolkata India National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases Kolkata India

AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among blood donors in Kolkata, Eastern India for two consecutive years and to conduct a pilot study to explore the presence of HBV DNA among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative but anti-HBc positive blood donors. METHODS: Seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV was studied among 113 051 and 106 695 voluntary blood donors screened in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Moreover, a pilot study on 1027 HBsAg negative donors was carried out for evaluating the presence of HBV DNA by PCR on HBsAg negative/anti- HBc positive donors. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in the prevalence of HBV (1448 vs 1768, P < 0.001), HIV (262 vs 374, P < 0.001), HCV (314 vs 372, P = 0.003) and syphilis (772 vs 853, P = 0.001) infections was noted among blood donors of Kolkata West Bengal in 2005 as compared to 2004. Moreover, the exploratory study on 1027 HBsAg negative donors revealed that 188 (18.3%)of them were anti-HBc positive out of which 21% were positive for HBV DNA. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study underscore the significantly increasing endemicity of hepatitis viruses, syphilis and HIV among the voluntary blood donors of our community. The pilot study indicates a high rate of prevalence of HBV DNA among HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive donors and thus emphasizes the need for a more sensitive and stringent screening algorithm for blood donations.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis C virus Blood donation Occult HBV infection

Role of RNA secondary structure in emergence of compartment specific hepatitis B virus immune escape variants

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World Journal of Virology 2016年第4期5卷 161-169页

作者： Sibnarayan Datta runu Chakravarty Molecular Virology Laboratory Defence Research Laboratory (DRDO) Hepatitis Research Laboratory ICMR Virus Unit (ICMR)

AIM To investigate the role of subgenotype specific RNA secondary structure in the compartment specific selection of hepatitis B virus(HBV)immune escape *** This study was based on the analysis of the specific observation of HBV subgenotype A1 in the serum/plasma,while subgenotype A2 with G145R mutation in the peripheral blood leukocytes(PBLs).Genetic variability found among the two subgenotypes was used for prediction and comparison of the full length pregenomic RNA(pgRNA)secondary structure and base *** secondary structures were predicted for 37℃using the Vienna RNA fold server,using default *** and detailed analysis was done using RNA shapes *** In this analysis,using similar algorithm and conditions,entirely different pgRNA secondary structures for subgenotype A1 and subgenotype A2 were predicted,suggesting different base pairing patterns within the two subgenotypes of genotype A,specifically,in the HBV genetic region encoding the major hydrophilic *** observed that for subgenotype A1 specific pgRNA,nucleotide 358U base paired with 1738A and nucleotide 587G base paired with *** in sharp contrast,in subgenotype A2 specific pgRNA,nucleotide 358U was opposite to nucleotide 588G,while 587G was opposite to 359U,hence precluding correct base pairing and thereby lesser stability of the stem *** the nucleotides at 358U and 587G were replaced with 358C and 587A respectively(as observed specifically in the PBL associated A2 sequences),these nucleotides base paired correctly with 588G and 359U,*** The results of this study show that compartment specific mutations are associated with HBV subgenotype specific alterations in base pairing of the pgRNA,leading to compartment specific selection and preponderance of specific HBV subgenotype with unique mutational pattern.

关键词： Hepatitis B Compartmentalization Peripheral blood leukocytes pgRNA RNA secondary structure G145R

Anti-viral role of toll like receptor 4 in hepatitis B virus infection: An in vitro study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第47期22卷 10341-10352页

作者： Dipanwita Das Neelakshi Sarkar Isha Sengupta Ananya Pal Debraj Saha Manikankana Bandopadhyay Chandrima Das Jimmy Narayan Shivram Prasad Singh runu Chakravarty ICMR Virus Unit Kolkata ID and BG Hospital Campus Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics Department of Gastroenterology SCB Medical College Kalinga Gastroenterology Foundation Beam Diagnostics Premises

AIM Toll like receptors plays a significant anti-viral role in different infections. The aim of this study was to look into the role of toll like receptor 4(TLR4) in hepatitis B virus(HBV) *** Real time PCR was used to analyze the transcription of TLR4 signaling molecules, cell cycle regulators and HBV DNA viral load after triggering the Hep G2.2.15 cells with TLR4 specific ligand. Nuclear factor(NF)-κB translocation on TLR4 activation was analyzed using microscopic techniques. Protein and cell cycle analysis was done using Western Blot and FACS *** The present study shows that TLR4 activation represses HBV infection. As a result of HBV suppression, there are several changes in host factors which include partial release in G1/S cell cycle arrest and changes in host epigenetic marks. Finally, it was observed that anti-viral action of TLR4 takes place through the NF-κB *** The study shows that TLR4 activation in HBV infection brings about changes in hepatocyte microenvironment and can be used for developing a promising therapeutic target in future.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Toll like receptor 4 Cell cycle Epigenetic marks Innate immune response

Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes:Phylogenetic analysis and virological characteristics of Genotype C circulating among HBV carriers in Kolkata,Eastern India

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第37期12卷 5964-5971页

作者： Arup Banerjee Sibnarayan Datta Partha K Chandra Susanta Roychowdhury Chinmoy Kumar Panda runu Chakravarty ICMR Virus Unit Kolkata India Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Kolkata India Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute Kolkata India

AIM: To evaluate the genotype distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Eastern India and to clarify the phyloge- netic origin and virological characteristics of the recently identifi ed genotype C in this region. METHODS: Genotype determination, T1762/A1764 mutation in the basal core promoter (BCP) and A1896 mutation in the precore region of 230 subjects were de- termined by restriction fragment length polymorphism method (RFLP) and the result was confi rmed by direct sequencing. RESULTS: The predominant genotypes D (HBV/D) and A (HBV/A) were detected in 131/230 (57%) and 57/230 (25%) samples. In addition, genotype C (HBV/C) was detected in 42/230 (18%) isolates. Surface gene region was sequenced from 45 isolates (27 HBV/C, 9 HBV/A and 9 HBV/D). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all of the HBV/C sequences clustered with South East Asian subgenotype (HBV/Cs). The sequence data showed re- markable similarity with a Thai strain (AF068756) (99.5% ± 0.4% nucleotide identities) in 90% of the genotype C strains analyzed. T1762/A1764 mutation in BCP re- gion, associated with high ALT was signifi cantly higher in HBeAg negative isolates than HBeAg positive isolates. Frequency of A1896 mutation leading to HBeAg negativ- ity was ***: The present study reports the genotypic distribution and the characteristics of partial genome sequences of HBV/C isolates from Eastern India. Low genetic diversity and confi nement of HBV/C in Eastern India possibly indicate a recent, limited, spread in this region. Genotype C with T1762/A1764 mutation has been reported to increase the risk for hepatocellular car- cinoma; therefore genotype C carriers in Eastern India should be carefully monitored.

关键词： HBV genotypes HBV/Cs, Eastern India T1762/A1764 mutation

Numerical Solution of MHD Convection and Mass Transfer Flow of Viscous Incompressible Fluid about an Inclined Plate with Hall Current and Constant Heat Flux

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2015年第12期3卷 1688-1709页

作者： Mohammad Wahiduzzaman runu Biswas Md. Eaqub Ali Md. Shakhaoath Khan Ifsana Karim Mathematics Discipline Khulna University Khulna Bangladesh Mathematics Open School Bangladesh Open University Gazipur Bangladesh Department of Civil Engineering Sonargaon University Dhaka Bangladesh Discipline of Chemical Engineering The University of Newcastle Callaghan Australia

The present numerically study investigates the influence of the Hall current and constant heat flux on the Magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) natural convection boundary layer viscous incompressible fluid flow in the manifestation of transverse magnetic field near an inclined vertical permeable flat plate. It is assumed that the induced magnetic field is negligible compared with the imposed magnetic field. The governing boundary layer equations have been transferred into non-similar model by implementing similarity approaches. The physical dimensionless parameter has been set up into the model as Prandtl number, Eckert number, Magnetic parameter, Schmidt number, local Grashof number and local modified Grashof number. The numerical method of Nactsheim-Swigert shooting iteration technique together with Runge-Kutta six order iteration scheme has been used to solve the system of governing non-similar equations. The physical effects of the various parameters on dimensionless primary velocity profile, secondary velocity profile, and temperature and concentration profile are discussed graphically. Moreover, the local skin friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number and Sherwood number are shown in tabular form for various values of the parameters.

关键词： MHD Heat and Mass Transfer Hall Current Inclined Plate Constant Heat Flux

Insights into human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis B virus co-infection in India

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World Journal of Virology 2015年第3期4卷 255-264页

作者： runu Chakravarty Ananya Pal ICMR Virus Unit KolkataID and BG Hospital CampusGB 4

Shared routes of transmission lead to frequent human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-hepatitis B virus(HBV) coinfection in a host which results in about 10% of HIV positive individuals to have chronic hepatitis B infection worldwide. In post-antiretroviral therapy era, liverdiseases have emerged as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals and HBV coinfection have become the major health issue among this population particularly from the regions with endemic HBV infection. In setting of HIV-HBV co-infection, HIV significantly impacts the natural history of HBV infection, its disease profile and the treatment outcome in negative manner. Moreover, the epidemiological pattern of HBV infection and the diversity in HBV genome(genotypic and phenotypic) are also varied in HIV co-infected subjects as compared to HBV mono-infected individuals. Several reports on the abovementioned issues are available from developed parts of the world as well as from sub-Saharan African countries. In contrast, most of these research areas remained unexplored in India despite having considerable burden of HIV and HBV infections. This review discusses present knowledge from the studies on HIV-HBV co-infection in India and relevant reports from different parts of the world. Issues needed for the future research relevant to HIV-HBV co-infection in India are also highlighted here, including a call for further investigations on this field of study.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis B virus co-infection India Genetic diversity Liver diseases

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军事化管理在灾难应急救援队培训中的应用

上海护理 2018年第11期18卷 19-22页

作者：杨杏静尹媛媛贾二歌周如女中国国际应急医疗队上海200123 同济大学附属东方医院上海200120

目的探讨军事化管理在灾难应急救援队培训中的应用。方法选取2014年1月—2016年12月就职于中国国际应急医疗队的护士16名,进行军事化管理培训,比较培训前后体能、专业急救技能、应急救援时间和配合能力、灾难护理能力等方面的差异。结... 详细信息

目的探讨军事化管理在灾难应急救援队培训中的应用。方法选取2014年1月—2016年12月就职于中国国际应急医疗队的护士16名,进行军事化管理培训,比较培训前后体能、专业急救技能、应急救援时间和配合能力、灾难护理能力等方面的差异。结果军事化管理培训后,护士的体能测试成绩、专业急救技能水平、应急救援时间和配合能力、灾难护理能力均有明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论军事化管理能够增强灾难应急救援队护士的体能,提高其专业急救技能水平与灾难护理能力。

关键词：应急救援队军事化管理灾难护理培训