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Water Wave Scattering by a Nearly Circular Cylinder Submerged Beneath an Ice-cover

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2015年第1期14卷 69-75页

作者： rumpa chakraborty birendra nath mandal Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata 700108 India

Assuming linear theory, the two-dimensional problem of water wave scattering by a horizontal nearly circular cylinder submerged in infinitely deep water with an ice cover modeled as a thin-elastic plate floating on water, is investigated here. The cross-section of the nearly circular cylinder is taken as r=a（1＋δC（θ））, where a is the radius of the corresponding circular cross-section of the cylinder, δ is a measure of small departure of the cross-section of the cylinder from its circularity and C（θ） is the shape function. Using a simplified perturbation technique the problem is reduced to two independent boundary value problems up to first order in δ. The first one corresponds to water wave scattering by a circular cylinder submerged in water with an ice-cover, while the second problem describes wave radiation by a submerged circular cylinder and involves first order correction to the reflection and transmission coefficients. The corrections are obtained in terms of integrals involving the shape function. Assuming a general Fourier expansion of the shape function, these corrections are evaluated approximately. It is well known that normally incident wave trains experience no reflection by a circular cylinder submerged in infinitely deep water with an ice cover. It is shown here that the reflection coefficient also vanishes up to first order for some particular choice of the shape function representing a nearly circular cylinder. For these cases, full transmission occurs, only change is in its phase which is depicted graphically against the wave number in a number of figures and appropriate conclusions are drawn.

关键词： water wave scattering ice-cover nearly circular cylinder shape function reflection coefficient transmission coefficient

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Patterns,Causes and Perceptions of Human-Large Carnivore Conflict in the Chitwan National Park,Nepal

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第4期15卷 838-849页

作者： Parwati TIWARI Bishnu Prasad BHATTARAI Jagan nath ADHIKARI Binod BHATTARAI Central Department of Zoology Institute of Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Zoology Birendra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityChitwan 44200Nepal Nepal Zoological Society Kathmandu 44600Nepal

One of the major management problems in and around protected areas is the intensifying conflict between local people and wildlife,especially large *** depredation and human fatalities caused by attacks of carnivores are found to be serious obstacles in conflict *** study aims to explore the patterns,costs,causes and perceptions of human large carnivore conflict in the Nawalpur area of Chitwan National *** patterns of livestock loss and human casualties due to large carnivores(Panthera tigris and Panthera pardus)were analysed using the secondary data reported to Chitwan National Park from 2001 to *** understand the people’s perception towards carnivores and wildlife conservation,150 victim respondents were asked,with one household selected from each *** 19-year study period,a total of 521 incidents caused by large carnivores were reported,which included 33 human casualties and 488 livestock *** was responsible for the maximum conflict incidents in *** total relief provided for human deaths and injuries was US$17524.41,whereas US$13702.18 was used to compensate for livestock depredation in the Nawalpur area by authorities of the Chitwan National *** than 64%of the respondents liked the presence of carnivores in their area and had a positive attitude toward the conservation of large carnivores,even though the carnivores were responsible for livestock depredation and human injury and ***’s satisfaction with the relief scheme provided by the government depended on ethnicity,gender,age class,occupation,education,insurance,and livestock ownership,but they believed the scheme was not ***,an effective relief scheme and awareness about the process of relief funding should be conducted in conflict *** awareness programs for local communities about large carnivores,their behavior,and preparing predator-proof corrals would be helpful in minimizing conflict in the study a

关键词： depredation human wildlife conflict leopard tiger relief fund

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Exploring the merits of geographical diversification of solar PV power plants for a resilient PV-dominated electricity grid in India

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Clean Energy 2023年第4期7卷 885-910页

作者： Saikat Ghosh Jatindra nath Roy Chandan chakraborty Advanced Technology Development Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur721302India Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur721302India

India is highly dependent on solar photovoltaics(PV)to harness its vast solar resource potential and combat climate ***,∼90%of the installed PV capacity in India is concentrated in the top nine states,with the remaining states lagging *** research reveals that during monsoons,heavy cloud cover and rain lead to high solar resource variability,intermittency and the risk of very low PV generation,which can result in reliability issues in future PV-dominated electricity *** energy storage can help in overcoming high intermittency,there are multiple challenges associated with *** novelty of this study lies in demonstrating the benefits of combining multiple PV sites in various regions to mitigate the risks of low PV generation and high *** variability of individual sites was found to be up to∼3.5 times higher than the variability of combined *** noon,prominent solar park sites like Bhadla and NP Kunta experience a decrease in power generation to values as low as∼10%of the rated PV ***,the minimum generation of the large-scale dispersed PV generation is>30%.Furthermore,the research identifies other benefits of dispersing PV generation across the country,viz.,reduction of seasonal variability by adding PV capacity in the southern region,widening of the PV generation span,more room for PV capacity addition,reduction in storage and ramping needs,utilization of hydroelectric potential of the north-east and PV potential of Ladakh,and creating opportunities for sustainable development in rural agrarian regions through agrivoltaics.

关键词： decarbonization PV-based resilient grid PV variability and intermittency solar PV power plants

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Elevation, Slope Aspect and Integrated Nutrient Management Effects on Crop Productivity and Soil Quality in North-west Himalayas, India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第5期11卷 1208-1217页

作者： birendra nath GHOSH Narinder Kumar SHARMA Nurnabi Meherul ALAM Raman Jeet SINGH Gopal Prasad JUYAL Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute 218 Kaulagarh Road Dehradun-248 195 Uttarakhand India

On farm bio-resource recycling has been given greater emphasis with the introduction of conservation agriculture specifically withclimate change scenarios in the mid-hills of the north-west Himalaya region（NWHR）. Under this changing scenario, elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） may affect significantly soil quality and crop productivity. A study was conducted during 2009-2010 to 2010-2011 at the Ashti watershed of NWHR in a rainfed condition to examine the influence of elevation, slope aspect and integrated nutrient management（INM） on soil resource and crop productivity. Two years of farm demonstration trials indicated that crop productivity and soil quality is significantly affected by elevation, slope aspect and INM. Results showed that wheat equivalent yield（WEY） of improved technology increased crop productivity by -20%-37% compared to the conventional system. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-17%. North aspect and higher elevation increased crop productivity by 15%-25% compared to south aspect and low elevation（except paddy）. Intercropping of maize with cowpea and soybean enhanced yield by another 8%-15%. Irrespective of slope, elevation and cropping system, the WEY increased by -30% in this region due to INMtechnology. The influence of elevation, slope aspect and INM significantly affected soil resources（SQI） and soil carbon change（SCC）. SCC is significantly correlated with SQI for conventional（R2 = 0.65＊）, INM technology（R2 = 0.81＊） and for both technologies（R2 = 0.73＊）. It is recommended that at higher elevation.（except for paddy soils） with a north facing slope, INM is recommended for higher crop productivity; conservation of soil resources is recommended for the mid hills of NWHR; and single values of SCC are appropriate as a SQI for this region.

关键词： Elevation Crop productivity Integrated nutrient management(INM) Slope aspect and soil quality

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Effect of potassium on soil conservation and productivity of maize/cowpea based crop rotations in the north-west Indian Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第4期13卷 754-762页

作者： birendra nath GHOSH Om Pal Singh KHOLA Ranjan BHATTACHARYYA Kuldeep Singh DADHWAL Prasant Kumar MISHRA ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation 218-Kaulagarh RoadDehradunUttarakhand-248195India CESCRA NRL BuildingICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteNew Delhi 110012India

Plots under conservation tillage may require higher amount of potassium(K) application for augmenting productivity due to its stratification in upper soil layers, thereby reducing K supplying capacity in a medium or long-term period. To test this hypothesis, a field experiment was performed in 2002-2003 and 2006-2007 to study the effect of K and several crop rotations on yield, water productivity, carbon sequestration, grain quality, soil K status and economic benefits derived in maize(Zea mays L)/cowpea(Vigna sinensis L.) based cropping system under minimum tillage(MT). All crops recorded higher grain yield with a higher dose of K(120 kg K2 O ha-1) than recommended K(40 kg K2 O ha-1). The five years' average yield data showed that higher K application(120 kg K2 O ha-1) produced 16.4%(P<0.05)more maize equivalent yield. Cowpea based rotation yielded 14.2%(P<0.05) higher production than maize based rotation. The maximum enhancement was found in cowpea-mustard rotation. Relationship between yield and sustainable indices revealed that only agronomic efficiency of fertilizer input was significantly correlated with yield. Similarly, higherdoses of K application not only increased the water use efficiency(WUE) of all crops, but also reduced runoff and soil loss by 16.5% and 15.8% under maize and 23.3% and 19.7% under cowpea cover, respectively. This study also revealed that on an average 16.5% of left over carbon input contributed to soil organic carbon(SOC). Here, cowpea based rotation with the higher K application increased carbon sequestration in soil. Potassium fertilization also significantly improved the nutritional value of harvested grain by increasing the protein content for maize(by 9.5%) and cowpea(by 10.6%). The oil content in mustard increased by 5.0% and 6.0% after maize and cowpea, respectively. Net return also increased with the application of the higher K than recommended K and the trend was similar to yield. Hence, the present study demonstrated the pote

关键词： Potassium application Crop rotations Minimum tillage water balance Runoff and soil loss Carbon sequestration Soil K status Net return

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Anticancer efficacy of noble metal nanoparticles relies on reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages through redox pathways and pro-inflammatory cytokine cascades

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第12期15卷 1088-1090页

作者： Mahuya Sengupta Ramkrishna Pal Anupam nath Biswajit chakraborty Leichombam Mohindro Singh Biswajit Das Sujit Kumar Ghosh Department of Biotechnology Assam UniversitySilcharAssam 788011India Department of Chemistry Assam UniversitySilcharAssam 788011India

The use of the optoelectronic properties of noble metal nanoparticles has given a new dimension to the realm of cancer diagnosis and therapy(theranostics).The multifunctional catalytic properties and surface plasmon resonance of noble metal nanoparticles(NPs)along with their facile surface chemistry gives them an edge in the field of biology,including for immunotherapeutic *** a previous study,we reported the anticancer efficacy of silver NPs coated with murine serum albumin against fibrosarcoma in an in vivo mouse model,highlighting their role in eliciting oxystress and immune *** addition to addressing the bioavailability and toxicity parameters,our study reported that there was a significant reduction in the size,as well as a delay in the incidence of tumors with AgNP-MSA *** electron micrographs revealed AgNP-MSA uptake by sentinel immune cells associated with the tumor along with the downregulation of pro-tumorigenic inflammatory cytokines,such as TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β.

关键词： inflammatory diagnosis cytokine

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快速眼动睡眠产生的神经机制:蓝斑核神经元停止发放是一个必要的条件(英文)

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生理学报 2005年第4期57卷 401-413页

作者： Dinesh Pal Vibha Madan birendra nath Mallick Jawaharlal Nehru大学生命科学学院印度新德里110067

两种类型的神经元参与了快速眼动(rapideyemovement,REM)睡眠的调节:快速眼动-发放(REM-ON)神经元和快速眼动-沉寂神经元(REM-OFF)。快速眼动-沉寂神经元属去甲肾上腺素能神经元,正如名字表示的那样——在快速眼动睡眠期间停止发放。已... 详细信息

两种类型的神经元参与了快速眼动(rapideyemovement,REM)睡眠的调节:快速眼动-发放(REM-ON)神经元和快速眼动-沉寂神经元(REM-OFF)。快速眼动-沉寂神经元属去甲肾上腺素能神经元,正如名字表示的那样——在快速眼动睡眠期间停止发放。已有研究表明,这些神经元放电活动的停止是导致快速眼动睡眠的前提条件,γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyricacid,GABA)可使它们停止发放。如果这些神经元不停止发放,脑中的去甲肾上腺素水平将升高,不出现快速眼动睡眠。剥夺快速眼动睡眠所引起的去甲肾上腺素增加,至少是快速眼动睡眠丧失引起Na+-K+ATP酶活性增加的原因,而这可能是导致快速眼动睡眠剥夺所引发的各种效应的主要因素。

关键词： γ-氨基丁酸蓝斑核 Na^+-K^+ATP酶去甲肾上腺素快速眼动睡眠产生机制快速眼动睡眠的丧失

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A Modified Epidemic Chain Binomial Model

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Open Journal of Statistics 2016年第1期6卷 1-6页

作者： Dilip C. nath Kishore K. Das Tandrima chakraborty Department of Statistics Gauhati University Guwahati India

Discrete epidemic models are applied to describe the physical phenomena of spreading infectious diseases in a household. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a modified epidemic chain model by assuming a beta distribution of third kind for the probability of being infected by contact with a given infective from the same household with closed population. This paper emphasizes mainly on developing the probabilities of all possible epidemic chains with one introductory case for three, four and five member household. The key phenomenon towards developing this paper is to provide an alternative model of chain binomial model.

关键词： Beta Distribution Infection Susceptible

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A Modified Epidemic Chain Binomial Model (MECBM) and Its 2,3-Introductory Probabilities

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Open Journal of Statistics 2017年第2期7卷 225-239页

作者： Dilip C. nath Kishore K. Das Tandrima chakraborty Administration Assam University Silchar India Department of Statistics Gauhati University Guwahati India

Through the ages, human life and happiness are affected much by wide spread diseases, an unpredictable phenomenon. And infectious disease spread is one of the most unsolvable problems. How infection evolves, how it spreads from person to person and mainly which pattern it follows are some questions which are always unanswerable. Out of many techniques, discrete epidemic models like the chain binomial model are ones which are applied to describe the physical phenomena of spreading infectious diseases in a household. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a modified epidemic chain model by assuming a beta distribution of third kind for the probability of being infected by contact with a given infection from the same household with closed population. This paper emphasized mainly on developing the probabilities of all possible epidemic chains with two introductory cases for three-, four- and five-member household and three introductory cases for four- and five-member household. The key phenomenon towards developing this paper was to provide an extension of the modified chain binomial model and its possible probabilities.

关键词： Beta Distribution Infection Susceptible

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Acanthus ilicifolius plant extract prevents DNA alterations in a transplantable Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing murine model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第48期13卷 6538-6548页

作者： Tridib chakraborty Dipak Bhuniya Mary Chatterjee Mosiur Rahaman Dipak Singha Baidya nath Chatterjee Subrata Datta Ajay Rana Kartick Samanta Sunil Srivastawa Sankar K Maitra Malay Chatterjee Chemical Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Laboratory Division of Biochemistry Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Jadavpur University Division of Medicinal Chemistry Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Jadavpur East Calcutta Girls' College Lake Town Cell Signaling Laboratory Cardiovascular and Cancer Research Institute College of Medicine The Texas A&M University System HSC Temple TX 76504 United States

AIM： To investigate the chemopreventive efficacy of the Indian medicinal plant Acanthus ilicifolius L Acanthaceae in a transplantable Ehrlich ascites carcinoma （EAC）- bearing murine model.METHODS： Male Swiss albino mice were divided into four groups： Group A was the untreated normal control; Group B was the EAC control mice group that received serial, intraperitoneal （ip） inoculations of rapidly proliferating 2 × 10^5 viable EAC cells in 0.2 mL of sterile phosphate buffered saline; Group C was the plant extract-treated group that received the aqueous leaf extract （ALE） of the plant at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weight by single ip injections, once daily for 10, 20 and 30 consecutive days following tumour inoculation （ALE control）; and Group D was the EAC ＋ ALE- treatment group. The chemopreventive potential of the ALE was evaluated in a murine model by studying various biological parameters and genotoxic markers, such as tumour cell count, mean survival of the animals, haematological indices, hepatocellular histology, immunohistochemical expression of liver metallothionein （MT） protein, sister-chromatid exchanges （SCEs）, and DNA alterations.RESULTS： Treatment of the EAC-bearing mice with the ALE significantly （P 〈 0.001） reduced viable tumour cell count by 68.34% （228.7 × 10^6 ± 0.53） when compared to EAC control mice （72.4 × 10^6 ± 0.49）, and restored body and organ weights almost to the normal values. ALE administration also increased （P 〈 0.001） mean survival of the hosts from 35 ± 3.46 d in EAC control mice to 83 ± 2.69 d in EAC ＋ ALE-treated mice. Haematological indices also showed marked improvement with administration of ALE in EAC-bearing animals. There was a significant increase in RBC count （P 〈 0.001）, hemoglobin percent （P 〈 0.001）, and haematocrit value （P 〈 0.001） from 4.3 ± 0.12, 6.4 ± 0.93, and 17.63 ± 0.72 respectively in EAC control mice to 7.1 ± 0.13, 12.1 ± 0.77, and 30.23 ± 0.57 respectively in EAC ＋ ALE-treated group, along with concurrent de

关键词： Acanthus ilicifolius Chemoprevention DNA strand-breaks Ehrlich ascites carcinoma Haematological indices Medicinal plants Metallothionein Sister- chromatid exchange Transplantable tumour

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