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Biodiversity of Edible Caterpillars of Imbrasia and Host Plants in Boukoko (Central African Republic)

Advances in Entomology 2024年第1期12卷 38-55页

作者： Lucie Aba-Toumnou Solange-Patrica Wango Denis Beina Jean-Pierre Moalbaye Gorgon Igor Touckia rufin reo-ndouba Felix Allah-Barem Olga Diane Yongo Laboratory of Biological and Agronomical Sciences for Development Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology and Biodiversity University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Center of Studies and Research on Pharmacopoeia and Traditional African Medicine (CERPHAMETA) University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Plant and Fungal Biodiversity Laboratory Faculty of Science University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Higher Institute for Rural Development (ISDR) University of Bangui Mba&iumlki Central African Republic Central African Republic Institute of Agriculture Research Bangui Central African Republic

In Central African Republic, edible caterpillars of Imbrasia gender are income of rural populations, present an opportunity to improve food security and belonging to the category of Non-wood forest products. The goal of this study is to document the ecology of caterpillars of genre Imbrasia in relation to its host plants in Boukoko. The questionnaire was addressed to the actors of the collection and consumption of caterpillars in this Commune, to their local knowledge concerning this food resource as well as the plants of their locality on which caterpillars are collected. The survey took place in September to October 2022 and as a general rule, the 120 respondents were elderly people whose age range varied from 35 to 70 years old. Plant samples are collected in their natural environment. Based on local names;herbaria are mounted, plants photographed and samples collected. The types of edible caterpillars have been inventoried in the field in collaboration with the local populations who consume them. Based on local names, the caterpillars are captured manually from morphological traits and then stored in bottles containing 70% ethanol. The specimens were identified. The data was entered into the Excel spreadsheet which also made it possible to produce histograms with the frequencies of the plant species most valued by the different caterpillars. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was then performed using R software to highlight the correlation between caterpillars and host plants. The main economic importance trees hosting edible caterpillars of Imbrasia gender in Boukoko region are: Entandrophragma cylindricum, Pentaclethra macrophylla, Maesopsis eminii, Albizia ferruginea, Macaranga spinosa, Amphimas ferrugineus, Pentaclethra macrophylla, Racosperma auriculiforme, Eribroma oblonga. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) carried out to assess the variability between the different species of caterpillars according to their host plants shows that the first two axes

关键词： Forest Degradation Losing Biodiversity of Consumed Insects Local Population

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Anti‑leishmanial and Anti‑inflammatory Agents from Endophytes:A Review

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2019年第5期9卷 311-328页

作者： rufin Marie Kouipou Toghueo Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit(AmBcAU) Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants StudiesDepartment of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundéIP.O.Box 812YaoundéCameroon

Leishmaniases and chronic inflammatory diseases are the cause of millions of deaths in the world each *** treatment of leishmaniasis is facing serious drawbacks particularly due to the limited number of effective medicines,the resistance,and the toxicity of available *** the other hand,many drugs are used for the management of inflammatory ***,the most commonly prescribed although efficient is highly toxic with multiples side *** leads compounds for the development of new anti-leishmanial and anti-inflammatory drugs are *** the past decade,several studies on the potential of endophytes to produce bioactive metabolites have been *** are presenting in the present review the status of research from 2000 to 2019 on the anti-leishmanial and anti-inflammatory metabolites isolated from endophytes from diverse *** emphasis was put on existing gaps in the literature to inspire and guide future *** hope that this review will help accelerate the drug discovery against leishmaniases and inflammation-associated disorders.

关键词： Anti-leishmanial Anti-inflammatory Endophytes Bioactive metabolites

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Prevalence of Schistosoma mono- and co-infections with multiple common parasites and associated risk factors and morbidity profile among adults in the Taabo health and demographic surveillance system, South-Central Côte d’Ivoire

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第1期11卷 84-85页

作者： Fidèle K.Bassa Ikenna C.Eze rufin K.Assaré Clémence Essé Siaka Koné Félix Acka Véronique Laubhouet-Koffi Dinard Kouassi Bassirou Bonfoh Jürg Utzinger Eliézer K.N’Goran Unitéde Formation et de Recherche Biosciences UniversitéFélix Houphouët-Boigny22P.O.Box 582Abidjan 22Côte d’Ivoire 不详

Background Schistosomiasis remains an important public health problem,also among adults,and infected individuals not treated serve as a reservoir for continued *** this fact,evidence on the epidemiology of schistosomiasis in adults in Côte d’Ivoire is *** study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of Schistosoma infection and co-infection with other helminth species and Plasmodium among adults in the Taabo region in the south-central part of Côte d’*** A cross-sectional survey was carried out in April and May 2017 in the frame of the“Côte d’Ivoire Dual Burden of Disease Study”(CoDuBu).A total of 901 randomly selected individuals,aged 18–90 years,provided blood,stool and urine samples for the diagnosis of malaria and helminth *** samples were subjected to the Kato-Katz technique for detection of Schistosoma mansoni and soil-transmitted helminth eggs,while urine samples were examined for eggs of Schistosoma haematobium and circulating cathodic antigen of *** factors and morbidity profiles were assessed using health examination and *** logistic regressions were employed to identify risk factors and morbidity patterns associated with *** mono-and *** The prevalence of *** and *** was 23.2%and 1.0%,*** *** were mono-infections(81.3%).Independent determinants of *** infection were young age,low socioeconomic status(mono-and co-infection)and poor hygiene practices(co-infection)(P<0.05).*** infection was independently associated with higher pain and symptom scores(mono-infection),poor self-rated health and low healthcare use(co-infection)(P<0.05).Conclusions This study showed that adults represent a substantial reservoir of *** sustain schistosomiasis control and improve people’s wellbeing,it is important to expand preventive chemotherapy from school-aged children to adults,coupled with hygiene and

关键词： Adults Côte d’Ivoire Morbidity patterns Prevalence Risk factor Schistosoma infection

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Assessment of Phytosanitary Practices in Peri-Urban Agriculture and Associated Environmental and Health Impacts in Developing Countries: Case of Abengourou City (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2021年第3期10卷 275-288页

作者： Jean-Marie Pétémanagnan Ouattara Franck Michaël Zahui Jean rufin Kouassi Kouame Lacina Coulibaly Department of Sciences and Environment Management Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Department of Agronomic Forestry and Environmental Engineering University of Man Man C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The use of phytosanitary products remains uncontrolled and abusive in the practice of market gardening in most developing countries. However, it remains one of the potential sources of environmental contamination and public health problems. This study examines the health and environmental risks associated with the use of phytosanitary products in market gardening in the town of Abengourou in Cote d’Ivoire. Field surveys carried out among all (30) market gardener sites housed 150 farmers showed that when the products were spread, no health and safety measures were observed. Approximately 80% of the respondents did not wear gloves or face masks. Some products used were not approved for market gardening. Farmers had itching, dizziness, headaches, colds and vomiting on a regular basis when applying the products. The study also revealed the presence of empty packaging in the surrounding surface water and on the ground. In addition to producers, this type of uncontrolled market gardening likely exposes consumers to high health risks and also contributes to environmental degradation. Raising awareness among stakeholders of good agricultural practices could help promote sustainable market gardening. However, studies of the effects of products in such an environment on the health of consumers deserve to be carried out.

关键词： Phytosanitary Practices Market Gardening Health and Environmental Risks Abengourou City Côte d’Ivoire

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Critical Assessment of Slope Stability: A Case Study on the Toffo-Lalo Road Project

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Modern Mechanical Engineering 2023年第4期13卷 77-100页

作者： Guy Oyéniran Adeoti Judicaël Koffi Agbelele Crespin Prudence Yabi rufin Nongnidé Kinhoun Éric Adéchina Alamou Laboratory of Testing and Studies in Civil Engineering (L2EGC) National University of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin National School of Technical Education (ENSET) Lokossa Republic of Benin

This article systematically delves into a comprehensive analysis of the latest and most advanced techniques for the assessment of slope stability. It particularly focuses on strategies aimed at enhancing slope stability in road construction. In addition to this analysis, the article presents an illustrative case study centered on the Toffo-Lalo Road Project. The core objective of this paper is to scrutinize the stability of large embankments in road construction, with a specific emphasis on the development and asphalt overlay of the Toffo-Lalo road. This scrutiny is conducted through the utilization of stability calculation software, GEOSTUDIO2018, specifically its SLOPE/W module. Within this framework, a detailed model of the cutbank located at KP1+750-2+250 was meticulously developed. This model takes into account the physical-mechanical characteristics of the soil at the site, as well as the topographic layout. Its attributes include a cohesion value of 11.3 Kpa, a density of 16.57 KN/m3, and a friction angle of 27˚. The modeling results, employing the Morgenstern-Price method—an approach renowned for its adherence to equilibrium conditions and provision of precise results—conclude that the safety coefficient (Fs = 1.429) prior to any reinforcement signifies a critical state of slope stability. To address this, the article explores the implementation of reinforcement techniques, particularly focusing on rigid inclusions like nailing and piles. The modeling exercises reveal a noteworthy enhancement in the safety coefficient (Fs) post-reinforcement. Furthermore, the article undertakes a parametric study to optimize the reinforcement strategies. This analysis highlights that anchoring at 0˚ downward relative to the horizontal plane and employing a pile angle of 90˚ represent the most favorable approaches. These measures yield safety coefficients of 3.60 and 2.34, respectively, indicating substantially improved slope stability.

关键词： GEOSLOPE Morgenstern-Price Method Numerical Modelling Safety Coefficient Soil Cohesion and Slope Stability

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Strategies for Advancing Road Construction Slope Stability: Unveiling Innovative Techniques for Managing Unstable Terrain

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2023年第4期13卷 572-616页

作者： Guy Oyéniran Adeoti Judicaël Koffi Agbelele Crespin Prudence Yabi rufin Nongnidé Kinhoun Éric Adéchina Alamou Laboratory of Testing and Studies in Civil Engineering (L2EGC) National University of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM) Department of Zou Abomey Republic of Benin National School of Technical Education (ENSET) Lokossa Republic of Benin

This comprehensive review paper explores various aspects of geotechnical engineering, with a focus on the management of unstable terrains, numerical methods for solving complex soil and consolidation problems, rheological analysis of suspensions and muddy soils, and stability analysis of slopes. It begins by examining the unique physicochemical properties of cohesive sediments, including cohesion and specific surface area. The temporal evolution of deposit concentration and average bed concentration in unstable terrains is discussed, along with settling behavior of isolated particles and hindered settling using empirical equations. Key sedimentation theories, such as Kynch’s theory, and geotechnical consolidation theories, including Terzaghi’s consolidation equation and Gibson’s theory, are presented. The investigation interrelates these theories and principles to offer a holistic view of managing unstable terrains. It also addresses the challenges associated with experimental determination of constitutive relationships and presents alternative simplification methods proposed by researchers. Additionally, it delves into numerical methods for solving nonlinear partial differential equations governing soil behavior, emphasizing the need for numerical frameworks and discussing various techniques and associated challenges. The rheological analysis section covers material flow behavior, rheological behavior models, and the rheological properties of water and cohesive sediment mixtures. Fundamental geotechnical calculations, constitutive laws, and failure criteria are explained, highlighting their relevance in geotechnical engineering applications. This paper provides a multidimensional perspective on geotechnical engineering, offering valuable insights into soil properties, consolidation processes, numerical methods, rheological analysis, and slope stability assessment for professionals in the field.

关键词： Consolidation Processes Managing Unstable Terrain Numerical Methods Safety Coefficient Slope Stability Assessment Soil Cohesion

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Antibacterial Screening of Fifteen Cameroonian Medicinal Plants against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第10期4卷 533-545页

作者： Elisabeth Zeuko'o Menkem rufin Marie Toghueo Kouipou Cedric Derick Jiatsa Mbouna Maguerite SimoKamdem Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou Fekam Boyom Fabrice Antimicrobial Agents Unit Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies Department of Biochemistry Universityof YaoundO 1 Yaound~ P.O. Box 812 Cameroon

Multi-drug resistant microbial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi represent a critical public health issue worldwide. Plant-derived agents are credible sources for search and development of alternative antimicrobials to fight these infections. This study describes the in-vitro antibacterial activity of plants extracts from 15 medicinal plants of the Cameroonian pharmacopeia against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi. Plants selected based on their ethnopharmacological uses were extracted by either maceration or decoction using distilled water, ethanol, methanol and ethylacetate. The afforded extracts were phytochemically screened for bioactive secondary metabolites. The microdilution method was used to assess the antibacterial activity. The two promising extracts were tested in combination using the cbeckboard technique. Eighty one extracts showed antibacterial activity with eight having minimum inhibitory concentrations below 2.5 mg/mL. Results from combination assays with extracts from Terminalia catappa and Gnidia glauca leaves showed synergistic effect against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi and additive effect against Staphylococcus aureus. These extracts mainly contained saponins, tannins, glucosides, phenols, triterpenes and anthraquinones. These results support the ethnobotanical claims and indicate further directions for the investigation of plants extracts to develop alternative drugs against multi-resistant bacteria.

关键词： Antibacterial activity Terminalia catappa Gnidia glauca combination phytochemical screening.

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Antiplasmodial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Phyllanthus niruri L. （Phyllanthaceae） and Morinda lucida Benth （Rubiaceae） Extracts

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第3期2卷 373-383页

作者： rufin Nakweti Kikakedimau Patrick Doumas Hity Mutambel AimeNdofunsu Diamuini Freddy Otono ABulubulu Joce1in Akalomia Kikalulu Sebastien Ndiku Luyindula Richard Kanyanga Cimanga Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Division of Life Sciences Commissariat Gdndral gt l＇EnergieAtomique/Centre Rdgional d＇Etudes Nucldaires de Kinshasa （CGEA/CREN.-K.） BP 868 Kinshasa XL Democratic Republic of theCongo （D.R. C） Plant Biotechnology Laboratory Department of Life Sciences National Center for Energy Nuclear Science and TechnologyINRA Rabat Morocco Department of Microbiology Division of Life Sciences Commissariat G~n~ral ~ l＇Energie Atomique B.P. 868 Kinshasa XIDemocratic Republic of the Congo （D.R. C） Faculty of Pharmacy University of Kinshasa Kinshasa XI B.P. 834 Democratic Republic of the Congo （D.R. C）

The antiplasmodial activity and phytochemical analysis of P. niruri and All. lucida leaves and stem parts have been evaluated in different solvent （aqueous, ethanolic and dichloromethane）. Phytochemical analysis has been done using 5-methoxyflavone 10-4 M andα-gluconolactone 10-4 M in methanol 80% （pH 2） solvent to the HPLC （high performance liquid chromatography） and the TLC （thin layer chromatography）. RPMI 1640 （Rose Park Memorial Institute medium 1640） has been used for plasmodium strain culture and the antiplasmodial activity has been evaluated under microscopy with infected blood colored by Giemsa-stained thick. IC50 （The inhibitory concentration of extract would be killed 50% of parasites） was estimated. The results show that extracts of P. niruri exhibit more antiplasmodial activities （IC50：3.98 μg/50 μL for aqueous extract, between 9.5-19 μg/50 p.L for ethanolic extract and 5.3 Itg/50 laL for dichloromethane extract） than those of M. lucida （IC50：5.39 to 10.78 μg/50 μL, 12.265 μg/50 μL and 24.53 μg/50 μL） successively for queous, ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts. For the same antiplasmodial activity, the amount of extract of M. lucida is still higher than that of P. niruri. These results are explained by the composition of phenolic compounds that are found in P. niruri. This plant has therefore presented more spectra in the chromatogram （20 peaks for hydrolyzed extract and 27 peaks for unhydrolyzed extracts） comparing that ofM. lucida hydrolyzed or unhydrolyzed extracts with 13 and 14 peaks. TLC revealed compounds such as flavonols, flavan-3-ols. Nevertheless, quinine used as positive control presented the same antiplasmodial activity for the low doses for the drugs and our extracts presented weak antiplasmodial activity comparing previous works. The studies could continue for the isolation of active principle that of P. niruri.

关键词： Antiplasmodial activity phytochemical analysis Phyllanthus niruri Morinda lucida malaria.

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红项圈

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作者： (法)让-克利斯托夫·吕芬(Jean-Christophe rufin)

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造梦人

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作者： (法)让-克里斯托夫·吕芬(Jean-Christophe rufin)

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