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时序关联/质量检验方针

中国集成电路 2011年第9期20卷 62-63页

作者： ruben Molina 微捷码设计实施业务部

在工程的世界里，决定往往源自于深层分析。简单的决定可能需要几天、几周、甚至几个月的缜密研究。不信问一下你的工程师朋友，听听他（她）在决定买哪台摄像机或笔记本电脑上花了多少时间，很可能他（她）花在研究产品规格、阅读产品... 详细信息

在工程的世界里，决定往往源自于深层分析。简单的决定可能需要几天、几周、甚至几个月的缜密研究。不信问一下你的工程师朋友，听听他（她）在决定买哪台摄像机或笔记本电脑上花了多少时间，很可能他（她）花在研究产品规格、阅读产品评价和在商店购买产品的时问要比你所有其他朋友全加起来的还要多。

关键词：验方质量关联时序产品规格笔记本电脑产品评价工程师

Symmetric Solutions of a Nonlinear Elliptic Problem with Neumann Boundary Condition

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第11期3卷 1686-1688页

作者： Ana Magnolia Marin Ramirez ruben Dario Ortiz Ortiz Joel Arturo Rodriguez Ceballos Group of Waves Program of Mathematics Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences Cartagena University Cartagena de Indias Co-lombia Morelia Institute of Technology Morelia Mexico

We show a result of symmetry for a big class of problems with condition of Neumann on the boundary in the case one dimensional. We use the method of reflection of Alexandrov and we show one application of this method and the maximum principle for elliptic operators in problems with conditions of Neumann. Some results of symmetry for elliptic problems with condition of Neumann on the boundary may be extended to elliptic operators more general than the Laplacian.

关键词： Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems Elliptic

Green tea polyphenols inhibit testosterone production in rat Leydig cells

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第3期11卷 362-370页

作者： Marina S. Figueiroa Juliany S. B. Cesar Vieira Disleide S. Leite ruben C. O. Andrade Filho Fabiano Ferreira Patricia S. Gouveia Daniel P. Udrisar Maria I. Wanderley Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco 50607-901 Recife PE Brazil

This study investigated the acute effects of green tea extract （GTE） and its polyphenol constituents, （-）-epigallocatechin-3-gallate （EGCG） and （-）-epicatechin （EC）, on basal and stimulated testosterone production by rat Leydig cells in vitro. Leydig cells purified in a Percoll gradient were incubated for 3 h with GTE, EGCG or EC and the testosterone precursor androstenedione, in the presence or absence of either protein kinase A （PKA） or protein kinase C （PKC） activators. The reversibility of the effect was studied by pretreating cells for 15 min with GTE or EGCG, allowing them to recover for 1 h and challenging them for 2 h with human chorionic gonadotropin （hCG）, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone （LHRH）, 22（R）-hydroxycholesterol or androstenedione. GTE and EGCG, but not EC, inhibited both basal and kinase-stimulated testosterone production. Under the pretreatment conditions, the inhibitory effect of the higher concentration of GTE/EGCG on hCG/LHRH-stimulated or 22（R）- hydroxycholesterol-induced testosterone production was maintained, whereas androstenedione-supported testosterone production returned to control levels. At the lower concentration of GTE/EGCG, the inhibitory effect of these polyphenols on 22（R）-hydroxycholesterol-supported testosterone production was reversed. The inhibitory effects of GTE may be explained by the action of its principal component, EGCG, and the presence of a gallate group in its structure seems important for its high efficacy in inhibiting testosterone production. The mechanisms underlying the effects of GTE and EGCG involve the inhibition of the PKA/PKC signalling pathways, as well as the inhibition of P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase function.

关键词： green tea polyphenols Leydig cells protein kinase A protein kinase C testosterone

Microhabitat heterogeneity associated with Vanilla *** its influences on the microbial community of leaf litter and soil

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Soil Ecology Letters 2020年第3期2卷 195-208页

作者： Gabriela Montes de Oca-Vasquez Frank Solano-Campos Bernal Azofeifa-Bolanos Amelia Paniagua-Vasquez Jose Vega-Baudrit Antonio Ruiz-Navarro ruben Lopez-Mondejar Felipe Bastida National Nanotechnology Laboratory National Center for High Technology10109 PavasSan JoseCosta Rica School of Biological Sciences Universidad NacionalCampus Omar Dengo86-3000 HerediaCosta Rica Asociacion Nacional de Vainilleros Unidos San JoseCosta Rica Instituto de Investigacion y Servicios Forestales Universidad Nacional86-3000 HerediaCosta Rica Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology School of ChemistryUniversidad NacionalCampus Omar Dengo86-3000 HerediaCosta Rica CEBAS-CSIC Department of Soil and Water ConservationCampus Universitario de Espinardo30100MurciaSpain Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology of the CASVidenska 1083Praha 414220Czech Republic

The impact of forest microhabitats on physiochemical properties of the soil and that of microbial communities on tropical soils remain poorly *** elucidate the effect of tropical forest stand on leaf litter and soil microbial communities,we studied enzyme activities,microbial biomass,and diversity in three distinct microhabitats in terms of plant richness,diameter at breast height(DBH),and physiochemical properties of soil and litter,each associated with a different Vanilla *** the soil,positive correlations were found between electrical conductivity(EC)and total organic carbon(TOC)with phosphatase activity,and between nitrogen(N)and water-soluble carbon(WSC)content with urease activity(UA).In the litter,the water content was positively correlated with bacterial and fungal biomass,and N and WSC contents were positively correlated with fungal *** correlations were found between plant richness and UA in the soil,plant richness and fungal biomass in the soil and litter,and DBH and fungal biomass in the *** sequencing revealed differences between microhabitats in the relative abundance of some fungal and bacterial taxa and in the bacterial community composition of both litter and *** richness and diversity were different between microhabitats,and,in litter samples,they were negatively correlated with DBH and plant richness,*** contrast,none of the soil and litter physiochemical properties were significantly correlated with microbial *** results show that significant shifts in enzyme activity,microbial biomass,and diversity in the microhabitats were driven by key abiotic and biotic factors depending on the soil or litter sample type.

关键词： Tropical rainforest Enzyme activity Microbial community composition Microbial biomass Plant richness

Inactivation of Salmonella Species on New Mexico Green Chile Peppers by Flame Roasting

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第7期2卷 851-855页

作者： ruben Zapata Paul Browning Cecelia Garcia David Lucero Willis M. Fedio Food Safety Laboratory New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM 88001 USA Marketing and Development Division New Mexico Department of Agriculture Las Cruces NM 88001 USA

Salmonella spp. have been implicated in foodborne disease outbreaks involving chile peppers, usually in combination foods such as chile rellenos, salsa, pico de gallo, guacamole and others where the source of contamination is uncertain. Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 was used in this study to artificially inoculate green chile peppers. Green chile peppers were weighed and artificially contaminated by applying the calculated inoculation volumes of 4 o,L per g of pepper. No presumptive salmonellae were found on any of the peppers prior to inoculation with S. Typhimurium. Twenty inoculated chiles were transferred to a custom built lab-scale roaster and then flame roasted for five minutes until they were blistered on the surface, as is commonly at New Mexico supermarkets. The surface temperature of representative chiles was measured with an infrared thermometer. Flame roasting of green chile peppers is effective in reducing bacterial contaminants on fresh green chile peppers. Based on the TSAYE counts where inoculated chile peppers had a mean plate count of 7.21 and the roasted chile peppers 2.71 and 2.75, a 4.5 log reduction was seen. Results reveal the effectiveness of flame roasting on the microbiological safety and quality of roasted green chile peppers.

关键词： Salmonella spp. green chile peppers flame roasting.

中国在墨西哥教育项目的软实力分析：墨西哥的视角

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中国在墨西哥教育项目的软实力分析：墨西哥的视角

作者：达里奥（ruben Dario Favela Ramirez）上海外国语大学

学位级别：硕士

由于中国经济的高速发展,中国无疑已成为国际关系舞台上的一个重要角色。举世瞩目的经济表现引导了这个国家在几个关键领域的一系列深度变革。中国所经历的一些重要变革和其彻底改变与世界多个国家及团体的关系息息相关。上述经济增长... 详细信息

由于中国经济的高速发展,中国无疑已成为国际关系舞台上的一个重要角色。举世瞩目的经济表现引导了这个国家在几个关键领域的一系列深度变革。中国所经历的一些重要变革和其彻底改变与世界多个国家及团体的关系息息相关。上述经济增长和其它因素已成为促进中国对其它国家影响力提升的最关键要素。因此,此现象已使其在认识国际政策的角色方面产生了重大变化。关于此等影响所提高的观点已在包括学者和商业机构的所有领域中形成,且引人注目;也引起了国际团体对于中国文化、历史和内部社会总体动态的兴趣。另一方面,这种因素可能对世界不同地区产生的影响日益受到重视。中国的影响力日益提高的同时,其军事力量也在不断壮大。然而,中国坚定地优先选择了用和平方式来增强和提高其国际影响力。实际上,有些方式并非意味着经济压迫或在国际政治上其它类型的强制性干涉。而且,这种因素正是与中国所谓的“软实力”有关的战略的一部分。然而,考虑到经济趋势在当今社会的绝对重要性,软实力在其很多领域和潜在影响力方面仍属未知话题。习近平主席在十九届中国共产党全国代表大会上强调,软实力是中国在未来发展中的主要国际政策因素之一。这对于中国近期努力发展中所取得的成就至关重要。中国政治和思想领袖已制定路线继续提高其在角色感知和新中国特色方面的国际影响力。此等影响可能分为多种类型。主要的影响之一无疑是在与来自其他国家消息的形成对比过程中,扮演了一个非常重要的角色。而这些可能是一些质疑中国的观点及有关中国的不确切的观点。尽管中国以促进其电视网络公司和新闻机构等方式,鼓励了几个所谓“软实力”的项目。实际上,本文认为孔子学院项目才是官方指定负责传播和推广广泛受国际社会赞誉的中国语言、文化和历史等方面的机构。孔子学院一直被视为中国“软实力”的最重要因素,承载着全世界范围内战略。孔子学院最近的加速发展情况赢得了全世界很多国家的钦佩,也大大增加了汉语语言的学生数量。然而,其意想不到的快速扩张也遭到了来自几个国家研究学者强烈的批评。其中一种批评主要基于以下猜测:它的出现可能不仅仅是为了传播中国语言和文化,还可能推进其它项目的进行,将对一些社区产生其它影响。以墨西哥为例,这一机构在拉丁美洲国家迅速扩张,目前已建立五个孔子学院中心,这五所孔子学院从北部、中部到南部,已遍布整个墨西哥。然而,并没有相关文件和由其组织的活动能够证明这一机构对墨西哥产生了任何影响。例如,其中一个潜在影响是促进交换机制,以便让墨西哥学生可以赴中国各大学学习。一些学生通过这一机构的资金支持可以去中国重要城市深造。中国,作为一个亚洲国家,通过其强大的经济力量、科技优势和生产高附加值产品与服务的能力促进了与墨西哥的关系发展。此外,这和中国与墨西哥的关系类型及市场竞争的决定性因素有关。在这些因素中,与这两个国家都在类似条件下,而产生相似的市场及产品的也有关。尽管面临挑战,且考虑到中国与拉美及加勒比地区合作机制效率低下的情况,这种情况目前正处于一种相对停滞状态,墨西哥和中国之间的未来关系仍存在巨大潜力。在这种环境下,分析墨西哥社会某些成员。这些成员中,尤其是对中国有所了解的成员的态度和观点是至关重要的。因为这样可以使他们能够在促进中国对墨西哥实行寻求软实力过程中,提议实现发展双赢的局面做出贡献。这种软实力的先决条件是可用非高压手段促进外交政策的进程。因此,在中国与墨西哥关系发展中,表明与不同方式相关的墨西哥社会成员的观点至关重要。另一方面,虽然中国和墨西哥过去在教育领域有过合作,鉴于当前的政治和经济形势,这与前几十年的条件相比,孔子学院的现状已截然不同。鉴于缺乏墨西哥孔子学院有关软实力潜在影响的文献,本论文十分重要。另一方面,另一重大动机是,除上文提到的出现诸多挑战的商业范例之外的,适当分析中国与墨西哥之间,其它方式合作需求有关。本论文包括中国软实力的基础和趋势、软实力在墨西哥的趋势和孔子学院在墨西哥的软实力案例。本文分析了墨西哥人对于墨西哥的孔子学院的运作和影响的认知水平,还包括了关于墨西哥机构和公司如何参与此项目的建议。本文还阐述了与中国语言和文化在墨西哥社会的迅速发展而引起的未来潜在的相关影响。

关键词：软实力教育墨西哥中国孔子学院

A Domain Engineering Approach to Increase Productivity in the Development of a Service for Changes Notification of the Configuration Management Database

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2013年第4期6卷 207-220页

作者： Jose Ramon Coz Fernandez ruben Heradio-Gil David Fernandez-Amoros Jose Antonio Cerrada-Somolinos Departamento de Ingeniería de Software y Sistemas Informáticos Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Madrid Spain Departamento de Ingeniería de Software y Sistemas Informáticos Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Madrid Spain.

This paper presents a domain engineering approach to build a software product line that supports the change notification service in a Configuration Management Database (CMDB) according to the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) best practices. For the development of this product line, the proposed approach makes use of a construction of products methodology by analogy: this is a new notation which reports the variability of the products, obtaining metrics as important as the number of products and uses a language that enables, by means of the flexibilization of a product and the development of some generators, to build the rest of the product line. In addition the paper offers a standard for the analysis and design of the CMDB as well. Finally, the paper presents an economic model for the product line, where the profitability and productivity of the proposed solution are analyzed.

关键词： ITIL CMDB Databases Change Management Configuration Management Domain Engineering Software Product Lines

Effects of intrapulmonary percussive ventilation on airway mucus clearance: A bench model

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2017年第3期6卷 164-171页

作者： Lorena Fernandez-Restrepo Lauren Shaffer Bravein Amalakuhan Marcos I Restrepo Jay Peters ruben Restrepo Division of Pediatric Critical Care Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Department of Respiratory Care University of Texas Health Science Center and the South Texas Veterans Health Care System

AIM To determine the ability of intrapulmonary percussive ventilation(IPV) to promote airway clearance in spontaneously breathing patients and those on mechanical *** An artificial lung was used to simulate a spontaneously breathing patient(Group 1), and was then connected to a mechanical ventilator to simulate a patient on mechanical ventilation(Group 2). An 8.5 mm endotracheal tube(ETT) connected to the test lung, simulated the patient airway. Artificial mucus was instilled into the mid-portion of the ETT. A filter was attached at both ends of the ETT to collect the mucus displaced proximally(mouth-piece filter) and distally(lung filter). The IPV machine was attached to the proximal end of the ETT and was applied for 10-min each to Group 1 and 2. After each experiment, the weight of the various circuit components were determined and compared to their dry weights to calculate the weight of the displaced *** In Group 1(spontaneously breathing model), 26.8% ± 3.1% of the simulated mucus was displaced proximally, compared to 0% in Group 2(the mechanically ventilated model) with a P-value of < 0.01. In fact, 17% ± 1.5% of the mucus in Group 2 remained in the mid-portion of the ETT where it was initially instilled and 80% ± 4.2% was displaced distally back towards the lung(P < 0.01). There was an overall statistically significant amount of mucusmovement proximally towards the mouth-piece in the spontaneously breathing(SB) patient. There was also an overall statistically significant amount of mucus movement distally back towards the lung in the mechanically ventilated(MV) model. In the mechanically ventilated model, no mucus was observed to move towards the proximal/mouth piece section of the ETT. CONCLUSION This bench model suggests that IPV is associated with displacement of mucus towards the proximal mouthpiece in the SB patient, and distally in the MV model.

关键词： Mucus Sputum Mechanical ventilators Percussion Respiratory drainage Breathing exercises

Body Balance and Core Training in Parkinson’s Disease: A Longitudinal Crossover Study

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Advances in Parkinson's Disease 2017年第4期6卷 124-130页

作者： Allois ruben Beratto Luca Ponzano Matteo Di Leonardo Piergiacomo Abate Daga Federico Gollin Massimiliano Adapted Training and Performance Laboratory University of Turin Turin Italy University School of Physiotherapist European University of Madrid Madrid Spain Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of Turin Turin Italy Physical Capacity & Wellness Research Center CRAMB ISEF Turin Italy Perfomance & Wellness Research Center CRPB Turin Italy Department of Medical Sciences University of Turin Turin Italy

Objective: The objective of this study was to verify the effects of two different training protocols based on Core Stability and Body Balance exercises in subjects with Parkinsons’s Disease. Methods: Eight elderly men with PD (age of 73 ± 9 years, weight 69 ± 16 kg, height 164 ± 13 cm, 2 ± 1 of Disability Score according to Hoehn and Yahr scale). The disability score was evaluated using Hoehn and Yahr scale. This study was 12-month-long organized in 3 blocks of 4 months each. The sample was divided in two groups formed by 4 subjects each group. During the first four months, one group performed core stability exercises (CSG) while the other group exercised itself through a Balance Exercises Program (BG). After this first part of the study both protocols were stopped for the following 4 months. Finally, the group were reversed (counter balance design) for the last 4 months of physical activity. The two groups were measured twice, before (T0) and after the treatment (T1). Both treatments were designed in order to investigate the improvement in core muscles performance in order to grant a better balance control and to reduce the risk of falling. Results: statistically significant variations were found in the flight time of Sit-to-Stand (p < 0.05, +27%) and in the step length (p < 0.05, ?3%). In the CSG group, statistically significant variations were detected in Speed of Steps (p < 0.05, +5%), Step Cadence (p < 0.05, +3%), and Left Stride Duration (p < 0.05, ?3%) (Table 1). Conclusion: Both Body Balance and Core training can be considered two good physical exercise methods for people with PD. This study highlights the positive effects of this training protocol on legs strength improvements and on the balance control while walking.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Exercises Body Balance Core Stability