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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第12期14卷 12-16页

作者： Naoya Wada Ben J.Puttnam ruben s.luis Werner Klaus Jun sakaguchi Jose M.D.Mendinueta Yoshinari Awaji satoshi shinada Hideaki Furukawa National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Tokyo 184-8795 Japan

We review the research and development of beyond Pb/s capacity space-division-multiplexed transmission technology using multi-core optical fibers for satisfying the ever-increasing traffic demand. Moreover, we present an optical packet and circuit integrated network technology to improve switching capacity and flexibility in network nodes for the rapid traffic fluctuation and the data service diversification.

关键词： switching multiplexing satisfying fluctuation traffic packet frames transmit throughput overhead

Optimal Design of Hybrid Microgrid in Isolated Communities of Ecuador

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 488-499页

作者： luis A.Pesantes ruben Hidalgo-León Johnny Rengifo Miguel Torres Jorge Aragundi JoséCordova-Garcia luis F.Ugarte Facultad de Ingeniería en Electricidad y Computación of Escuela superior Politécnica del Litoral(EsPOL)University GuayaquilEcuador Department of Electrical Engineering at Universidad Técnica Federico santa María SantiagoChile IEEE

In rural territories, the communities use energy sources based on fossil fuels to supply themselves with electricity, which may address two main problems: greenhouse gas emissions and high fuel prices. Hence, there is an opportunity to include renewable resources in the energy mix. This paper develops an optimization model to determine the optimal sizing, the total annual investment cost in renewable generation, and other operating costs of the components of a hybrid microgrid. By running a k-means clustering algorithm on a meteorological dataset of the community under study, the hourly representative values become input parameters in the proposed optimization model. The method for the optimal design of hybrid microgrid is analyzed in six operating scenarios considering:(1) 24-hour continuous power supply;(2) load shedding percentage;(3) diesel power generator(genset) curtailment;(4) the worst meteorological conditions;(5) the use of renewable energy sources including battery energy storage systems(BEsss);and(6) the use of genset. A mathematical programming language(AMPL) tool is used to find solutions of the proposed optimization model. Results show that the total costs of microgrid in the scenarios that cover 100% of the load demand(without considering the scenario with 100% renewables) increase by over 16% compared with the scenario with genset operation limitation. For the designs with power supply restrictions, the total cost of microgrid in the scenario with load shedding is reduced by over 27% compared with that without load shedding.

关键词： Battery energy storage system(BEss) isolated community microgrid renewable energy optimization

How can proton pump inhibitors damage central and peripheral nervous systems?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2041-2042页

作者： Tigran Makunts ruben Abagyan skaggs school of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical sciences University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Proton-pump inhibitors(PPIs)are first line therapy for most gastroesophageal acid-related *** include reflux disorders,Helicobacter pylori infections,Zollinger-Ellison syndrome,and gastroesophageal *** clinical practice,PPIs have largely replaced histamine-2 receptor antagonists(H2RAs)due to their superior efficacy and are currently widely prescribed and sold worldwide.(Kantor et al.,2015).since the PPIs are,in addition,freely available without prescription in the United states,there has been a growing concern over proton-pump inhibitor prolonged use and serious side effects such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)type dementia.A few large scale studies have shown an increased risk of the AD type and non-AD type dementia with PPI use,while others have questioned this association(Novotny et al.,2018;Khan et al.,2020).

关键词： al. Ellison damage

Individual and demographic responses of a marsh bird assemblage to habitat loss and subsequent restoration

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Avian Research 2020年第1期11卷 25-33页

作者： ruben Moreno-Opo Monticola Ornithological Group Faculty of BiologyUniversity Autonoma of MadridMadrid 28049Spain Deputy Directorate on Biodiversity Ministry for the Ecological TransitionMadrid 28071Spain

Background: The alteration and loss of habitats are two of the main threats that biodiversity conservation is cur?rently facing up to. The present study describes the effects of a perturbation and restoration in a reedbed habitat on a bird assemblage. We studied the bird community of a wetland of central spain between 1995 and 2009, during which time an anthropic perturbation altered the original structure of the habitat;subsequently, as a result of restoration works, the habitat returned to its original ***: We evaluated the effects on six population and physical parameters of the birds at three different phases of their life cycles(breeding, wintering and post?breeding migration seasons) before, during and after the habitat alteration. GLM was used to analyze the influence of three independent variables(year, perturbation phase and temperature).Results: The relative abundance and the species richness values decreased when habitat was altered, but then recovered as a result of the regeneration works. This pattern was the clearest amongst specialist species. Breeding success also declined during the perturbation phase and then increased;likewise, the sex ratio changed given that the proportion of male birds increased when habitat was altered. These results are discussed in relation to changes on availability of resources in altered habitats, to the adaptive mechanisms in the exploitation of ecological requirements and to the selection of optimum and sub?optimum habitats by generalist and specialist ***: Ecosystem restoration can favour the recovery of population indexes of specialist passerines, although it depends on the efficiency of the type of restoration activity performed and on the complexity of the habitat.

关键词： Habitat loss Land-use planning Marsh Restoration Ringing station Reedbed

shoot-level biomass allocation is affected by shoot type in Fagus sylvatica

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第4期5卷 422-428页

作者： Benjamín Jarcuska ruben Milla Institute of Forest Ecology Slovak Academy of SciencesSturova 296053 ZvolenSlovakia Area de Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Rey Juan Carlosc/Tulipan s/n.E-28933 Mostoles(Madrid)Spain

Aims The present study aims(i)to examine if recently reported interspecific shoot-level biomass allocational trade-offs,*** trade-offs between leaf mass(LM)and stem mass(sM)and between leaf size and leaf number,hold intraspecifically and(ii)to explore whether those scaling relationships are independent of shoot type(*** *** shoots).Methods In order to address our questions,we used Fagus sylvatica saplings growing under a broad light range that were sampled in theWestern Carpathians Mountains(slovakia).Important Findings We found that:(i)intraspecific shoot-level biomass allocational trade-offs differ from those reported interspecifically and that(ii)long and short shoots differ in biomass allocation scaling *** relationships with slopes statistically smaller than 1.0 or higher than-1.0,were found between sM and LM and between mean leafing intensity and individual leaf mass,respectively,in long *** contrast,isometric scaling was found in short *** suggests that leaf mass in short shoots is unaffected by shoot stem mass,in contrast to long *** shoots also had a larger fraction of biomass allocated to *** shoots,as has been observed in other shoot dimorphic species,are specialized,with short shoots specializing in carbon gain and long shoots in space acquisition.A greater shift in LM than in sM among species during speciation shifting from allometric intraspecific relationships to an isometric interspecific scaling relationship between those traits could explain the discrepancies between the outputs of the present intraspecific study and others similar *** study draws attention to the importance of considering shoot types in future studies dealing with allocation rules in species with dimorphic shoots.

关键词： biomass allocation dimorphic shoots leaf size stem size scaling relationships

Germ-free, carefree: injured skin uses IL-24 to kick-start repair independent of pathogen-recognition

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5129-5131页

作者： ruben A.Ferrer Marta Torregrossa sandra Franz Department of Dermatology Allergology and VenerologyUniversity LeipzigLeipzigGermany

skin injury releases damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs)represented by tissue-components and intracellular contents as well as changes in the levels of certain molecules and metabolites that signal the“non-homeostatic”state of the *** addition,microorganisms entering a wound release molecules,which are sensed as“non-self”(pathogen-associated molecular patterns,PAMPs).Together,DAMPs and PAMPs initiate a complex and coordinated repair process aimed at restoring *** exciting work from Liu et *** of an additional novel mechanism by which a“non-homeostatic”state in murine cutaneous wounds elicits a response through IL-24 to mediate repair(Fig.1).

关键词： wound homeostasis release

cell2mol:encoding chemistry to interpret crystallographic data

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1787-1794页

作者： sergi Vela ruben Laplaza Yuri Cho Clémence Corminboeuf Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design(LCMD) Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering(ISIC)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(NCCR MARVEL) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015LausanneSwitzerland National Centre for Competence in Research“sustainable chemical processes through catalysis(NCCR Catalysis)” École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015LausanneSwitzerland

The creation and maintenance of crystallographic data repositories is one of the greatest data-related achievements in *** such as the Cambridge structural Database host what is likely the most diverse collection of synthesizable *** properly mined,they could be the basis for the large-scale exploration of new regions of the chemical space using quantum chemistry(QC).Yet,it is currently challenging to retrieve all the necessary information for QC codes based exclusively on the available structural data,especially for transition metal *** overcome this limitation,we present cell2mol,a software that interprets crystallographic data and retrieves the connectivity and total charge of molecules,including the oxidation state(Os)of metal *** demonstrate that cell2mol outperforms other popular methods at assigning the metal Os,while offering a comprehensive interpretation of the unit *** code is made available,as well as reliable QC-ready databases totaling 31k transition metal complexes and 13k ligands that contain incomparable chemical diversity.

关键词： offering overcome properly

Heterogeneous catalysts with programmable topologies generated by reticulation of organocatalysts into metal-organic frameworks:The case of squaramide

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Nano Research 2021年第2期14卷 458-465页

作者： Anna Broto-Ribas Claudia Vignatti Alicia Jimenez-Almarza Javier luis-Barrera Zahra Dolatkhah Felipe Gandara Inhar Imaz ruben Mas-Balleste Jose Aleman Daniel Maspoch Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology(ICN2) CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology08193 BarcelonaSpain Inorganic Chemistry Department Modulo 7Universidad Autonoma de Madrid28049 MadridSpain Organic Chemistry Department Modulo 1Universidad Autonoma de Madrid28049 MadridSpain Materials science Factory Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid(ICMM)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Calle Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz328049 MadridSpain Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical sciences(IAdChem) Campus Universidad Autonoma de Madrid28049 MadridSpain Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avangats(ICREA) 08100 BarcelonaSpain

A well-established strategy to synthesize heterogeneous,metal-organic framework(MOF)catalysts that exhibit nanoconfinement effects,and specific pores with highly-localized catalytic sites,is to use organic linkers containing organocatalytic ***,we report that by combining this linker approach with reticular chemistry,and exploiting three-dimensioanl(3D)MOF-structural data from the Cambridge structural Database,we have designed four heterogeneous MOF-based catalysts for standard organic *** programmable MOFs are isoreticular versions of pcu IRMOF-16,feu UiO-68 and pillared-pcu sNU-8X,the three most common topologies of MOFs built from the organic linker p.p'-terphenyldicarboxylic acid(tpdc).To synthesize the four squaramide-based MOFs,we designed and synthesized a linker,4,4’-((3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-ene-1,2-diyl)bis(azanedyil))dibenzoic acid(sq_tpdc),which is identical in directionality and length to tpdc but which contains organocatalytic squaramide *** were chosen because their immobilization into a framework enhances its reactivity and stability while avoiding any self-quenching ***,the four MOFs share the same organocatalytic squaramide moiety,but confine it within distinct pore *** then evaluated these MOFs as heterogeneous H-bonding catalysts in organic transformations:a Friedel-Crafts alkylation and an epoxide *** of them exhibited good performance in both reactions but all showed distinct catalytic profiles that reflect their structural differences.

关键词： reticular chemistry metal-organic frameworks H-bond catalysis squaramide Friedel-Cratts epoxide ring-opening

Declining metabolic scaling parallels an ontogenetic change from elongate to deep-bodied shapes in juvenile Brown trout

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 294-303页

作者： Jorge-ruben sanchez-Gonzalez Alfredo G.Nicieza Department of Organisms andsystems Biology University of Oviedo33006O OviedoSpain Biodiversity Research Institute(IMIB) University of Oviedo-Principality of Asturias-CSIC33600 MieresSpain Department of Animal science-Wildlife section University of Lleida25006 LleidaSpain

Body shape and metabolic rate can be important determinants of animal performance,yet often their effects on influential traits are evaluated in a non-integrated *** creates an important gap because the integration between shape and metabolism may be crucial to evaluate metabolic scaling ***,we measured standard metabolic rate in 1-and 2-years old juvenile brown trout salmo trutta,and used a geometric morphometrics approach to extricate the effects of ontogeny and size on the link between shape and metabolic *** evidenced near-isometric ontogenetic scaling of metabolic rate with size,but also a biphasic pattern driven by a significant change in metabolic scaling,from positive to negative ***,the change in metabolic allometry parallels an ontogenetic change from elongate to deep-bodied *** is consistent with the dynamic energy budget(DEB)and surface area(sA)theories,but not with the resource transport network theory which predicts increasing allometric exponents for trends towards more robust,three-dimensional *** addition,we found a relationship between body shape and size independent metabolic rate,with a positive correlation between robustness and metabolic rate,which fits well within the view of Pace-of-Life syndromes(POLs).Finally,our results align with previous studies that question the universality of metabolic scaling exponents and propose other mechanistic models explaining the diversity of metabolic scaling relationships or emphasizing the potential contribution of ecological factors.

关键词： biphasic allometric scaling metabolic rate ontogenetic allometry shape surface-area trout

study on carnauba wax as phase-change material integrated in evacuated-tube collector for solar-thermal heat production

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Clean Energy 2023年第3期7卷 547-554页

作者： ruben Bartali MicheleBolognese NicolaFronza LucaPrattico AlbertoZanetti TiagoOsorio Luigi Crema Fondazione Bruno Kessler Centre on Sustainable EnergyVia Sommarive 1838123 TrentoItaly University ofÉvora-Renewable Energies Chair Palácio VimiosoLargo Marquês de Marialva7002-554ÉvoraPortugal

The evacuated-tube collector(ETC)for solar heat production is one of the most efficient systems to convert sun energy into usable ***,some technological barriers are still present in solar-thermal heat systems that limit the use of these technologies to decarbonize *** important obstacle is the requirement for heat at stable temperatures,which is not always achievable by solar fields,*** *** that reason,in this work,we studied the phase-change materials embedded in the ETC to keep stable the water temperature for a short period(minutes,hours).In this study,carnauba wax was used as a sustainable phase-change material(PCM),to avoid the use of PCM based on hydrocarbon *** PCM has been packaged using a polyethylene bag inserted into an ETC with heat-pipe technologies and *** collector has been tested outdoors under solar irradiation and under shading *** experimental results show that is possible to detect a sensible effect of the PCM on the temperature using 4 kg of carnauba wax while there is an important effect on the temperature stabilization using 9 kg of *** 9 kg of the PCM,we observed a stability of the outlet water temperature at 65°C for 30 minutes under shading conditions.

关键词： energy storage carnauba wax ETC solar collector solar heat PCM