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Pressure from the lips and the tongue in children with class III malocclusion

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2007年第5期8卷 296-301页

作者： ruan wen-hua su ji-mei ye xiao-wei Department of Stomatology Children ＇s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China

Objective： To discuss possible relationships between class In malocclusion and perioral forces by measuring the pressure from the lips and the tongue of children with class nI malocclusion. Methods： Thirty-one children with class In malocclusion were investigated and their perioral forces were measured at rest and during swallowing under natural head position by a custom-made miniperioral force computer measuring system. Results： The resting pressures exerted on the labial side and palatine side of the upper lett incisor, as well as the labial side and lingual side of the lower lett incisor, were 0 g/cm^2, 0 g/cm^2, 0.57 g/cm^2 and 0.23 g/cm^2, respectively. Correspondingly, the swallowing forces were 2.87 g/cm^2, 5.97 g/cm^2, 4.09 g/cm^2 and 7.89 g/cm^2, respectively. No statistical difference between muscular pressure and gender existed. During swallowing, the lingual forces were significantly higher than the labial forces （P〈0.01）, however, at rest there was no significantly different force between these two sides. Compared to the normal occlusion patients, children with class Ⅲ malocclusion had lower pedoral forces. The upper labial resting forces （P〈0.01）, the lower labial resting forces （P〈0.05） and all the swallowing pressures from the lips and the tongue （P〈0.01） showed statistical differences between the two different occlusion conditions. Meanwhile, no significant difference was found for the resting pressure from the tongue between class Ⅲ malocclusion and normal occlusion. Conclusion： Patients with class Ⅲ malocclusion have lower perioral forces and this muscle hypofunction may be secondary to the spatial relations of the jaws. The findings support the spatial matrix hypothesis.

关键词： Deciduous dentition Perioral force Pressure transducer Class Ⅲ malocclusion

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 122-136页

作者： Nan-Yu Zou Ran Liu mei huang Yu-Rui jiao jie wei Yangzi jiang wen-Zhen He Min huang Yi-Li Xu Ling Liu Yu-Chen sun Mi Yang Qi Guo Yan huang Tian su ye xiao wei-Shan Wang Chao Zeng Guang-hua Lei Xiang-Hang Luo Chang-Jun Li Department of Endocrinology Endocrinology Research CenterXiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China Department of Orthopaedics Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics Xiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaChina Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury ChangshaHunan 410008China Key Laboratory of Aging-related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment Ministry of EducationXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina School of Biomedical Sciences Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi UniversityShiheziXinjiangChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China

Skeletal stem/progenitor cell(SSPC)senescence is a major cause of decreased bone regenerative potential with aging,but the causes of SSPC senescence remain *** this study,we revealed that macrophages in calluses secrete prosenescent factors,including grancalcin(GCA),during aging,which triggers SSPC senescence and impairs fracture *** injection of human rGCA in young mice induced SSPC senescence and delayed fracture *** deletion of Gca in monocytes/macrophages was sufficient to rejuvenate fracture repair in aged mice and alleviate SSPC ***,GCA binds to the plexin-B2 receptor and activates Arg2-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction,resulting in cellular *** of Plxnb2 in SSPCs impaired fracture *** of GCA-neutralizing antibody enhanced fracture healing in aged ***,our study revealed that senescent macrophages within calluses secrete GCA to trigger SSPC secondary senescence,and GCA neutralization represents a promising therapy for nonunion or delayed union in elderly individuals.

关键词： healing union senescence

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Artemiprincepsolides A-F,Novel Germacrane-guaiane and Eudesmane-guaiane Sesquiterpenoid Dimers from Artemisia princeps and Their Antihepatoma Activity

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第20期41卷 2648-2656页

作者： Li-hua su wen-jing Ma Yun-Bao Ma Tian-Ze Li Chang-An Geng wei Dong xiao-Feng He Xue-mei Zhang ji-Jun Chen State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan650201 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

Artemiprincepsolides A-F(1-6)were isolated from Artemisia princeps guided by bioactivity and elucidated by comprehensive spectral data and ECD *** 1-3 represented the first connecting model of germacrane-guaiane hetero-dimeric adducts,and compounds 4-6 were eudesmane-guaiane hetero-coupled sesquiterpenoid dimers,meanwhile,all these were presumably formed by Diels-Alder *** 1-6 were evaluated for their hepatomatic cytotoxicity on three hepatoma cell lines,and demonstrated cytotoxicity with IC_(50)values in the range of 5.0-67.3μmol/***,compound 1 manifested significant cytotoxicity against HepG2,Huh7,and SK-Hep-1 cells with IC_(50)values of 9.9,9.2,and 5.0μmol/L,which were almost equivalent to the positive control,*** cytometry data and Western blot assays revealed the most active compound 1 dose-dependently inhibited cell migration and invasion,and significantly induced HepG2 cells arrest in G2/M phase by downregulating proteins pcdc2 and upregulating the level of protein CyclinB1;and induced apoptosis by downregulating of Bcl-2 expression and upregulating Bax level.

关键词： Artemisia princeps Hetero-coupled sesquiterpenoid dimers Structure elucidation Stereochemistry Artemiprincepsolides Biological activity Antihepatoma activity Apoptosis

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儿童颌面部创伤及家长对其认知的研究

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华西口腔医学杂志 2010年第3期28卷 265-267,272页

作者：苏吉梅阮文华叶笑味浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院口腔科浙江杭州310003

目的了解儿童颌面部创伤的特点及母亲对儿童颌面部创伤的认知程度。方法选择216例因颌面部创伤急诊就诊的儿童作为研究对象,从年龄分布、外伤原因、外伤地点、损伤部位及严重程度等方面进行分析;同时对患儿母亲进行问卷调查,了解其对颌... 详细信息

目的了解儿童颌面部创伤的特点及母亲对儿童颌面部创伤的认知程度。方法选择216例因颌面部创伤急诊就诊的儿童作为研究对象,从年龄分布、外伤原因、外伤地点、损伤部位及严重程度等方面进行分析;同时对患儿母亲进行问卷调查,了解其对颌面部创伤的认知程度和担心的预后因素。结果 216例颌面部创伤患儿的男女比例为1.4∶1,1-6岁是颌面部创伤的好发年龄;创伤的主要原因是跌落（占83.33%）,以软组织损伤最多（占63.43%）,牙齿损伤次之（31.94%）,颌骨骨折等严重损伤较少;50.00%的创伤发生于家中;97.22%的母亲对儿童颌面部创伤知识不了解,69.44%的母亲认为创伤可以避免;母亲的文化程度与患儿的受伤次数有相关性（掊2=18.16,P〈0.05）。结论母亲对儿童颌面部创伤的知识缺乏是导致儿童发生颌面部创伤的重要原因之一;应加强预防儿童颌面部创伤的健康教育宣传,防止意外的发生。

关键词：创伤颌面部儿童认知

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Concurrent chemoradiotherapy using gemcitabine and nedaplatin in recurrent or locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第11期10卷 3414-3425页

作者： Rui-Xue Huo Ying-Ying jin Yong-Xue Zhuo xiao-Tong ji Yu Cui xiao-jing Wu Yi-jia Wang Long Zhang wen-hua Zhang Yu-mei Cai Cheng-Cheng Zheng Rui-Xue Cui Qian-ye Wang Zhen sun Feng-wei Wang Department of Oncology Tianjin Union Medical CenterTianjin 300000China School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjin 300000China Laboratory of Oncologic Molecular Medicine Tianjin Union Medical CenterTianjin 300000China

BACKGROUND Patients with recurrent or locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)typically have limited treatment options and poor *** To evaluate the efficacy and safety of two drugs with potent radio-sensitization properties including gemcitabine and nedaplatin as concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimens in treating *** This single-arm prospective study enrolled patients with HNSCC to receive gemcitabine on days 1 and 8 and nedaplatin on days 1 to 3 for 21 *** radiation therapy with a conventional fraction was delivered 5 days per *** response rate(ORR),disease control rate,and toxicity were observed as primary *** survival(OS)and progression free survival were recorded and analyzed as secondary *** A total of 24 patients with HNSCC were *** the median 22.4-mo follow-up,both ORR and disease control rate were 100%.The one-year OS was 75%,and one-year progression-free survival(PFS)was 66.7%(median PFS was 15.1 mo).Recurrent HNSCC patients had a poorer prognosis than the treatment-naïve patients,and patients who achieved complete response had better survival than those in the PR group(all P<0.05).The most common grade 1-4(100%)or grade 3-4 toxicities(75%)were hematological,and the most common grade 3-4 non-hematological toxicity was mucositis in 17(71%)*** Gemcitabine plus nedaplatin with concurrent chemoradiotherapy is a therapeutic option for HNSCC with predictable *** the high adverse event rate,the optimized dose and schedule must be further explored.

关键词： Chemoradiotherapy Gemcitabine Nedaplatin Head and neck cancer Recurrent Locally advanced

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气质特征对学龄前儿童牙科治疗行为的影响

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应用心理学 2006年第4期12卷 379-384页

作者：苏吉梅阮文华叶笑味李荣董文美浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院口腔科杭州310003 浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院儿保科杭州310003

为探索气质特征对学龄前儿童牙科治疗行为的影响，本研究采用《中国学龄前儿童气质量表（CFYS）》测查了218名3～7岁首次接受牙科治疗儿童的气质特征，同时用Frankl Behavior Rating Scale（FBRS）对其牙科治疗行为进行评估。结果显示... 详细信息

为探索气质特征对学龄前儿童牙科治疗行为的影响，本研究采用《中国学龄前儿童气质量表（CFYS）》测查了218名3～7岁首次接受牙科治疗儿童的气质特征，同时用Frankl Behavior Rating Scale（FBRS）对其牙科治疗行为进行评估。结果显示：适应性、趋避性及心境三个气质维度得分高的儿童出现牙科治疗行为问题几率大，其中适应性与牙科治疗行为问题相关性最大，气质类型为麻烦型、发动缓慢型儿童易出现牙科治疗行为问题，男孩较女孩更容易出现牙科治疗行为问题。本研究结果为临床儿童牙科医生如何应对有牙科治疗行为问题的儿童提供了理论依据，对如何进行牙科行为管理有一定的临床指导价值。

关键词：气质儿童牙科治疗行为

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儿童牙科畏惧症的临床分析

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华西口腔医学杂志 2007年第4期25卷 362-364页

作者：苏吉梅阮文华叶笑味吴志芳黄晓佳浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院口腔科浙江杭州310003

目的探讨儿童气质特征与牙科畏惧症(DF)之间的关系,了解DF儿童的气质特点。方法用中国学龄前儿童气质量表(CPTS)对254例4～6岁首次接受牙科治疗的儿童进行气质测查,用Frankl行为分级法进行DF评定,对所得结果进行统计学分析。结果254例... 详细信息

目的探讨儿童气质特征与牙科畏惧症(DF)之间的关系,了解DF儿童的气质特点。方法用中国学龄前儿童气质量表(CPTS)对254例4～6岁首次接受牙科治疗的儿童进行气质测查,用Frankl行为分级法进行DF评定,对所得结果进行统计学分析。结果254例患儿中有104例为不畏惧,80例为畏惧,70例为高度畏惧,DF发生率为59.06%。此年龄段男女的DF发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。不畏惧、畏惧、高度畏惧3组患儿的气质类型构成不同,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论儿童牙科畏惧症的发生与儿童本身的气质有关,适应缓慢、心境消极可能发展为儿童DF的危险因子。

关键词：儿童牙科畏惧症气质

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Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S):an overview

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第11期19卷 3-10页

作者： wei-Qun Gan Cheng Zhu Yuan-Yong Deng Hui Li Yang su Hai-Ying Zhang Bo Chen Zhe Zhang jian Wu Lei Deng Yu huang jian-Feng Yang ji-Jun Cui jin Chang Chi Wang ji Wu Zeng-Shan Yin wen Chen Cheng Fang Yi-hua Yan Jun Lin wei-Ming Xiong Bin Chen Hai-Chao Bao Cai-Xia Cao Yan-Ping Bai Tao Wang Bing-Long Chen Xin-Yu Li ye Zhang Li Feng jiang-Tao su Ying Li wei Chen You-Ping Li Ying-Na su Hai-Yan Wu mei Gu Lei huang Xue-Jun Tang Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210034China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210042China Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChangchun 130033China Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650011China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Beijing Special Engineering and Design Institute Beijing 100028China Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology Beijing 100094China Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology Shanghai 201109China

The Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S)is a mission proposed for the 25 th solar maximum by the Chinese solar *** scientific objectives are to study the relationships between the solar magnetic field,solar flares and coronal mass ejections(CMEs).Three payloads are deployed:the Full-disk vector Magneto Graph(FMG),the Lyman-αSolar Telescope(LST)and the Hard X-ray Imager(HXI).ASO-S will perform the first simultaneous observations of the photospheric vector magnetic field,non-thermal imaging of solar flares,and the initiation and early propagation of CMEs on a single ***-S is scheduled to be launched into a 720 km sun-synchronous orbit in *** paper presents an overview of the mission till the end of Phase-B and the beginning of Phase-C.

关键词： space vehicles instruments-sun magnetic fields-sun flares-sun CMEs-sun UV radiation-sun X-ray,gamma-rays

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CEPC Technical Design Report

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2024年第1期8卷 I0003-I0016,1-1091页

作者： Waleed Abdallah Tiago Carlos Adorno de Freitas Konstantin Afanaciev Shakeel Ahmad Ijaz Ahmed xiaocong Ai Abid Aleem Wolfgang Altmannshofer Fabio Alves weiming An Rui An Daniele Paolo Anderle Stefan Antusch Yasuo Arai Andrej Arbuzov Abdesslam Arhrib Mustafa Ashry Sha Bai Yu Bai Yang Bai Vipul Bairathi Csaba Balazs Philip Bambade Yong Ban Tripamo Bandyopadhyay Shou-Shan Bao Desmond P.Barber Ayse Bat Varvara Batozskaya subash Chandra Behera Alexander Belyaev Michele Bertucci xiao-Jun Bi Yuanjie Bi Tianjian Bian Fabrizio Bianchi Thomas Biekotter Michela Biglietti Shalva Bilanishvili Deng Binglin Denis Bodrov Anton Bogomyagkov Serge Bondarenko Stewart Boogert Maarten Boonekamp Marcello Borri Angelo Bosotti Vincent Boudry Mohammed Boukidi Igor Boyko Ivanka Bozovic Giuseppe Bozzi Jean-Claude Brient Anastasiia Budzinskaya Masroor Bukhari Vladimir Bytev Giacomo Cacciapaglia hua Cai wenyong Cai Wujun Cai Yijian Cai Yizhou Cai Yuchen Cai Haiying Cai huacheng Cai Lorenzo Calibbi Junsong Cang Guofu Cao jianshe Cao Antoine Chance Xuejun Chang Yue Chang Zhe Chang Xinyuan Chang wei Chao Auttakit Chatrabhuti Yimin Che Yuzhi Che Bin Chen Danping Chen Fuqing Chen Fusan Chen Gang Chen Guoming Chen hua-Xing Chen Huirun Chen jinhui Chen ji-Yuan Chen Kai Chen Mali Chen Mingjun Chen Mingshui Chen Ning Chen Shanhong Chen Shanzhen Chen Shao-Long Chen Shaomin Chen Shiqiang Chen Tianlu Chen wei Chen Xiang Chen xiaoyu Chen Xin Chen Xun Chen Xurong Chen ye Chen Ying Chen Yukai Chen Zelin Chen Zilin Chen Gang Chen Boping Chen Chunhui Chen Hok Chuen Cheng huajie Cheng Shan Cheng Tongguang Cheng Yunlong Chi Pietro Chimenti wen Han Chiu Guk Cho Ming-Chung Chu xiaotong Chu Ziliang Chu Guglielmo Coloretti Andreas Crivellin Hanhua Cui xiaohao Cui Zhaoyuan Cui Brunella D'Anzi Ling-Yun Dai Xinchen Dai Xuwen Dai Antonio De Maria Nicola De Filippis Christophe De La Taille Francesca De Mori Chiara De Sio Elisa Del Core Shuangxue Deng wei-Tian Deng Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Bhupal Dev Tang Dewen Biagio Di Micco Ran Ding Siqin Dingl Yadong Ding Haiyi Dong jianin AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakow Anhui University HefeiAnhui Applied Physics Department Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and TechnologyIslamabad Banaras Hindu University Institute of ScienceVaranasi Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University Bandirma Beihang University Beijing Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing Beijing Conveyi LTD Beijing Beijing Glass Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Beijing Normal University Beijing Brown University ProvidenceRI Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk Cadi Ayyad University Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied PhysicsPolydisciplinary FacultyMarrakech Cairo University Giza Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu Central China Normal University WuhanHubei Central South University ChangshaHunan Centro de Fisica Teorica de Particulas Universidade Tecnica de LisboaLisboa Chengdu KaitengSifang Digital Radio&TV Equipment Co. LtdChengduSichuan China academy of engineering physics MianyangSichuan China building materials academy Beijing China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China jiliang University HangzhouZhejiang China Nuclear Instrument CO. LTDBeijing China University of Geosciences Beijing China University of Geosciences WuhanHubei China University of Mining and Technology XuzhouJiangsu China West Normal University NanchongSichuan Chongqing University Department of PhysicsChongqing Chulalongkorn University Bangkok City University of Hong Kong Department of PhysicsHong Kong Cockcroft Institute Daresbury Cornell University IthacaNY CPPM(AMU/IPhU&CNRS/INP) Marseille Dalian Minzu University DalianLiaoning Dalian University of Technology Department of PhysicsDalian Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(DLNP jiNR) Dubna East China University Of Science And Technol

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international *** complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs *** its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs *** the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of *** Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering ***,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection *** is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 *** commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

关键词： initiated exceeding precise

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Transcriptome-wide association analysis identified candidate susceptibility genes for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Cancer Communications 2022年第9期42卷 887-891页

作者： Yong-Qiao He wen-Qiong Xue Dan-hua Li Tong-Min Wang Zhi-Ming Mai Da-wei Yang Chang-Mi Deng Ying Liao wen-Li Zhang Ruo-wen xiao Luting Luo hua Diao Xiating Tong Yanxia Wu jiang-Bo Zhang Ting Zhou Xi-Zhao Li Pei-Fen Zhang xiao-Hui Zheng Shao-Dan Zhang ye-Zhu Hu Minzhong Tang Yuming Zheng Yonglin Cai Ellen T.Chang Zhe Zhang Guangwu huang su-mei Cao Qing Liu Lin Feng Ying sun Maria Li Lung Hans-Olov Adami weimin ye Tai-Hing Lam wei-hua jia State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdong 510060P.R.China School of Public Health Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510080P.R.China School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong Kong S.A.R.999077P.R.China Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research Research Grants Council Area of Excellence SchemeThe University of Hong KongHong Kong S.A.R.999077P.R.China Radiation Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital WuzhouGuangxi 543002P.R.China Wuzhou Cancer Center WuzhouGuangxi 543002P.R.China Center for Health Sciences ExponentInc.Menlo ParkCA94025Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi 530021P.R.China Department of Radiation Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangzhouGuangdong 510060P.R.China Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong KongHong Kong S.A.R.999077P.R.China Clinical Effectiveness Group Institute of Health and SocietyUniversity of OsloOslo 0316Norway Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska InstitutetStockholm 17177Sweden Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics&Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350122P.R.China

Dear Editor,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a common malignancy in East and Southeast Asia,especially in South *** etiology of NPC has been linked to genetic susceptibility,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection,and environmental *** evidence including multiple genome-wide association studies(GWASs)has revealed robust genetic predisposition of ***,GWAS-identified genetic variants collectively account for only 8.2%of NPC heritability[1].The underlying inherited predisposition is largely *** strongest genetic signal for NPC consistently hits the human leukocyte antigen(HLA)region on 6p21[2].However,the highly polymorphic nature and complicated long-range linkage disequilibrium(LD)in the HLA region particularly obscure the causal variants driving the *** addition,most genetic variants located in introns or intergenic *** causal genes mediating genetic effects on NPC risk have rarely been ascertained by GWAS alone.

关键词： nasopharyngeal susceptibility collective

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