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Elaborations of the influencing factors on the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols in a heavily polluted urban area of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 406-417页

作者： Shuang Wang Qiyuan Wang Ting Zhang Suixin Liu Steven Sai Hang Ho Jie tian hui Su Yong Zhang Luyao Wang Tingting Wu Junji Cao School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Xi’an 710061China Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNevada89512United States Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory KowloonHong Kong SARChina Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

In this study,online water-soluble inorganic ions were detected to deduce the formation mechanism of secondary inorganic aerosol in Xianyang,China during *** dominant inorganic ions of sulfate(SO_(4)^(2-)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))(the sum of those is abbreviated as SNA)accounted for 17%,21%,and 12% of PM_(2.5)mass,*** the air quality deteriorated from excellent to poor grades,the precursor gas sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))of SO_(4)^(2-)increased and then decreased with a fluctuation,while nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))and ammonia(NH_(3)),precursors of NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+),and SNA show increasing *** factors including boundary layer height(BLH),temperature,and wind speed also show decline trends,except relative humidity(RH).Meanwhile,the secondary conversion ratio shows a remarkable increasing trend,indicating that there was a strong secondary *** the perspective of chemical mechanisms,RH is positively correlated with sulfur oxidation ratios(SOR),nitrogen oxidation ratios(NOR),and ammonia conversion ratios,representing that the increase of humidity could promote the generation of ***,SOR and NOR were also positively related to the *** the one hand,the low wind speed and BLH led to the accumulation of *** the other hand,the increases of RH and ammonia promoted more formations of SNA and PM_(2.5).The results advance our identification of the contributors to the haze episodes and assist to establish more efficient emission controls in Xianyang,in addition to other cities with similar emission and geographical characteristics.

关键词： Haze episodes Secondary inorganic aerosol Secondary conversion ratio Meteorological factors

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Integrated ribosome and proteome analyses reveal insights into sevoflurane-induced long-term social behavior and cognitive dysfunctions through ADNP inhibition in neonatal mice

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 663-678页

作者： Li-Rong Liang Bing Liu Shu-hui Cao You-Yi Zhao tian Zeng Mei-Ting Zhai Ze Fan Dan-Yi He San-Xin Ma Xiao-Tong Shi Yao Zhang hui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesShaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced ManufactureDepartment of AnesthesiologySchool of StomatologyAir Force Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710032China Department of Anesthesiology 986th Air Force HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710032China

A growing number of studies have demonstrated that repeated exposure to sevoflurane during development results in persistent social abnormalities and cognitive ***,an active fragment of the activity-dependent neuroprotective protein(ADNP),has been implicated in social and cognitive ***,the potential of davunetide to attenuate social deficits following sevoflurane exposure and the underlying developmental mechanisms remain poorly *** this study,ribosome and proteome profiles were analyzed to investigate the molecular basis of sevoflurane-induced social deficits in neonatal *** neuropathological basis was also explored using Golgi staining,morphological analysis,western blotting,electrophysiological analysis,and behavioral *** indicated that ADNP was significantly down-regulated following developmental exposure to *** adulthood,anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)neurons exposed to sevoflurane exhibited a decrease in dendrite number,total dendrite length,and spine ***,the expression levels of Homer,PSD95,synaptophysin,and vglut2 were significantly reduced in the sevoflurane ***-clamp recordings indicated reductions in both the frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents(mEPSCs).Notably,davunetide significantly ameliorated the synaptic defects,social behavior deficits,and cognitive impairments induced by *** analysis revealed that loss of ADNP led to dysregulation of Ca^(2+)activity via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling,resulting in decreased expression of synaptic *** of Wnt signaling was restored in the davunetide-treated ***,ADNP was identified as a promising therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of neurodevelopmental toxicity caused by general *** study provides important insights into the mechanisms underlying social and cognitive disturbances caused by sevoflurane exposure in neonatal

关键词： Davunetide Sevoflurane Abnormal social behaviors ADNP Neurotoxicity

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Experimental quantum state compression from two identical qubits to a qutrit

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 1-5页

作者： Qiao Xu Lin-Xiang Zhou tian-Feng Feng Shang-Feng Qiu Si-Wu Li Wu-Ji Zhang hui Luo Xiao-Qi Zhou State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and School of Physics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

In the realm of modern information technology,data compression technology occupies a pivotal *** advancements in quantum information technology,the need to compress large-scale qubits ensembles has become urgent,aiming to reduce the demand on quantum storage ***,existing quantum state compression schemes generally face a limitation:the particles before and after compression must reside in the same dimensional *** specific scenarios,compressing qubits into particles of higher dimensions not only enhances the efficiency of quantum state compression but also further reduces the usage of quantum storage *** we experimentally demonstrated a quantum state compression between particles of different dimensions,successfully compressing two qubits into a single *** average fidelity of the resulting qutrit with the ideal quantum state is *** study may have potential applications in future quantum information,such as increasing quantum communication bandwidth and reducing storage resource consumption in quantum computing.

关键词： quantum state compression quantum information technology optics

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Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Mg-Based Bimetal Plates with High Formability Sleeve by Co-extrusion

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第3期37卷 499-512页

作者： Yue-hui Dang Sheng-Lin Liu Xiao-Lei Ai Xiao-Wei Feng Bo Feng Zhuo tian Ying-Fei Lin Huan-Tao Chen Kai-Hong Zheng School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityShaanxi 710064China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metal Toughening Technology and Application Institute of New MaterialsGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

In this study,microstructure and mechanical behavior of two types of Mg-based bimetal plates with a high formability sleeve were systematically studied,with a great emphasis on the effect of the interface characteristic and the sleeve fraction on the plasticity of composite *** rule of mixtures(ROM)for elongation was also *** results show that when there is no or thin diffusion layer with thickness of about 3μm,Mg-based bimetal plates have a good plasticity with elongation of about 19-24%,and the ROM predicted elongations are very close to the experimental *** contrast,with a diffusion layer about 95-155μm thick,Mg-based bimetal plates exhibit a poor plasticity with elongation of about 11-17%,and the experimental elongations largely deviate from the ROM *** plasticity of Mg-based bimetal plates increases with increasing sleeve *** study provides new insights on the plastic deformation of Mg-based bimetal composites with a high formability sleeve.

关键词： Mg-based composites Co-extrusion Microstructure Mechanical behavior Plastic deformation

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Core-shell nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy in situ probing the composition and evolution of interfacial species on PtCo surfaces

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4687-4692页

作者： Jing Liu Han-Liang Zhong Xiangyu Li Mu-Fei Yue Wei-Min Yang Xueqiu You Jing-Hua tian Yao-hui Wang Jian-Feng Li Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Oceanic Information Perception and Intelligent Processing School of Ocean Information EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamen 361021China College of Chemistry Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and InstrumentationiChEMCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollege of MaterialsCollege of EnergyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361005China Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University Shenzhen 518000China

The composition and evolution of interfacial species play a key role during electrocatalytic *** the structural evolution and intermediate during catalytic process by in situ characterization can shed new light on the electrocatalytic reaction mechanism and develop highly efficient ***,directly probing the interfacial species is extremely difficult for most spectroscopic techniques due to complicated interfacial environment and ultra-low surface ***,electrochemical core-shell nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy is utilized to probe the composition and evolution processes of interfacial species on Au@Pt,Au@Co,and Au@PtCo core-shell nanoparticle *** spectral evidences of interfacial intermediates including hydroxide radical(OH*),superoxide ion(O_(2)^(−)),as well as metal oxide species are directly captured by in situ Raman spectroscopy,which are further confirmed by the both isotopic experiment and density functional theory *** results provide a mechanistic guideline for the rational design of highly efficient electrocatalysts.

关键词： in situ Raman core-shell nanoparticle PtCo interfacial species composition and evolution

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Factors controlling the metal fertilization of granitic magma: Constraints from amphibole and biotite geochemistry of the Shangcheng pluton， Dabie orogen， Central China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Cheng-Lai Deng hui-Min Su Wu Li Wen-tian Li State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources， Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Strategic Mineral Resources， School of Earth Resources， China University of Geosciences Wuhan School of Resources and Geosciences， China University of Mining and Technology

It is very common for similar granitoids to be emplaced in the same tectonic region， with some being metal-fertilized while others are barren. The reasons for this are still not clear. Here， we take the Shangcheng pluton as an example. This pluton occurs close to the giant Shapinggou porphyry Mo deposit， and we use amphibole and biotite geochemistry as sensitive tracers to explore this issue. The Shangcheng granitoids comprise the Sigudun （SGD） and Shiguwa （SGW） units， with emplacement ages ranging from 140 ± 3 Ma to 134 ± 2.4 Ma， as revealed by titanite U-Pb dating. The geochemical data of amphibole and biotite indicate that the magma intruded from depths of ～3.3 km to ～2.3 km with increasing oxygen fugacity. The modeled results indicate that water content is an essential factor for metal fertilization， as the Shangcheng pluton has a lower water content than the Shapinggou Mo-bearing granite. The Shangcheng pluton is also characterized by fluorine-poor conditions， with lower halogen fugacity values of IV（F） and log (f H2O/f HF)fluid. In contrast， the increasing Y/Ho and Nb/Ta ratios of the Shapinggou Mo-bearing granite indicate the F-rich nature of the fertilized Shapinggou magma， and its lower Zr/Hf and K/Rb ratios suggest a greater magma differentiation. Therefore， water-poor and F-poor magma， in combination with low-degree fractional crystallization， may be the major controlling factors responsible for the Mo-barren nature of the Shangcheng pluton.

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Superhydrophilic nickel hydroxide ultrathin nanosheets enable high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 138-147页

作者： Yi-Ran Wang Fei Zhang Jian-Min Gu Xiao-Yu Zhao Ran Zhao Xing Wang tian-hui Wu Jing Wang Ji-Dong Wang De-Song Wang State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology(MMST) Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied ChemistryYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Suihua UniversitySuihua 152000China School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Sciences Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China

Superhydrophilic surfaces have been applied for supercapacitor;however,during energy storage reaction,how the wettability affects the process of electrochemical reaction specifically is still ***,we demonstrate superhydrophilic surface for promotion of electrochemical reactions by liquid affinity and further explain the mechanism,where the transition of the wettability state caused by the change in surface free energy is the main reason for the obvious increase in specific *** citric acid assistance strategy,an intrinsically hydrophobic Ni(OH)_(2)thick nanosheets(HNHTNs,16 nm)can be transitioned into superhydrophilic Ni(OH)_(2)ultrathin nanosheets(SNHUNs,6.8 nm),where the water contact angle was 0°and the surface free energy increased from 8.6to 65.8 mN·m^(-1),implying *** with HNHTNs,the specific capacitance of SNHUNs is doubled:from 1230 F·g^(-1)(HNHTNs)to 2350 F·g^(-1)(2A·g^(-1))and,even at 20 A·g^(-1),from 833 F·g^(-1)(HNHTNs)to 1670 F·g^(-1).The asymmetric capacitors assembled by SNHUNs and activated carbon show 52.44 Wh·kg^(-1)at 160W·kg^(-1)and excellent stability with~90%retention after5000 cycles(~80%retention after 9500 cycles).The promotion of electrochemical performances is ascribed to the change of surface wettability caused by surface free energy,which greatly increase affinity of electrode to the surrounding liquid environment to reduce the interface resistance and optimize the electron transport path.

关键词： Asymmetric supercapacitor Superhydrophilic interface Transition metal hydroxides Ultrathin nanosheets High specific capacitance

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Self-assembly of differentiated dental pulp stem cells facilitates spheroid human dental organoid formation and prevascularization

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第3期16卷 287-304页

作者： Fei Liu Jing Xiao Lei-hui Chen Yu-Yue Pan Jun-Zhang tian Zhi-Ren Zhang Xiao-Chun Bai School of Basic Medical Sciences Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Health Management Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhou 510317Guangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina Centre of Reproduction Development and AgingFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China Department of Stomatology Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhou 510317Guangdong ProvinceChina Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhai 519000Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Cell Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The self-assembly of solid organs from stem cells has the potential to greatly expand the applicability of regenerative *** cells can self-organise into microsized organ units,partially modelling tissue function and *** pulp organoids have been used to recapitulate the processes of tooth development and related ***,the lack of vasculature limits the utility of dental pulp *** To improve survival and aid in recovery after stem cell transplantation,we demonstrated the three-dimensional(3D)self-assembly of adult stem cell-human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSCs)and endothelial cells(ECs)into a novel type of spheroid-shaped dental pulp organoid in vitro under hypoxia and conditioned medium(CM).METHODS During culture,primary hDPSCs were induced to differentiate into ECs by exposing them to a hypoxic environment and *** hypoxic pretreated hDPSCs were then mixed with ECs at specific ratios and conditioned in a 3D environment to produce prevascularized dental pulp *** biological characteristics of the organoids were analysed,and the regulatory pathways associated with angiogenesis were *** The combination of these two agents resulted in prevascularized human dental pulp organoids(Vorganoids)that more closely resembled dental pulp tissue in terms of morphology and ***-cell RNA sequencing of dental pulp tissue and RNA sequencing of Vorganoids were integrated to analyse key regulatory pathways associated with *** biomarkers forkhead box protein O1 and fibroblast growth factor 2 were identified to be involved in the regulation of *** In this innovative study,we effectively established an in vitro model of Vorganoids and used it to elucidate new mechanisms of angiogenesis during regeneration,facilitating the development of clinical treatment strategies.

关键词： Human dental pulp stem cells Prevascularized organoids Integrated analyses Angiogenesis Forkhead box protein O1

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Variation Characteristics of Root Traits of Different Alfalfa Cultivars under Saline-Alkaline Stress and their Relationship with Soil Environmental Factors

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第1期93卷 29-43页

作者： tian-Jiao Wei Guang Li Yan-ru Cui Jiao Xie Xing-Ai Gao Xing Teng Xin-Ying Zhao Fa-Chun Guan Zheng-Wei Liang Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun130033China Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130102China

Soil salinization is the main factor that threatens the growth and development of plants and limits the increase of *** is of great significance to study the key soil environmental factors affecting plant root traits to reveal the adaptation strategies of plants to saline-alkaline-stressed soil *** this study,the root biomass,root morphological parameters and root mineral nutrient content of two alfalfa cultivars with different sensitivities to alkaline stress were analyzed with black soil as the control group and the mixed saline-alkaline soil with a ratio of 7:3 between black soil and saline-alkaline soil as the saline-alkaline treatment *** the same time,the correlation analysis of soil salinity indexes,soil nutrient indexes and the activities of key enzymes involved in soil carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus cycles was carried *** results showed that compared with the control group,the pH,EC,and urease(URE)of the soil surrounding the roots of two alfalfa cultivars were significantly increased,while soil total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),organic carbon(SOC),andα-glucosidase activity(AGC)were significantly decreased under saline-alkaline *** was no significant difference in root biomass and root morphological parameters of saline-alkaline tolerant cultivar GN under saline-alkaline *** number of root tips(RT),root surface area(RS)and root volume(RV)of AG were reduced by 61.16%,44.54%,and 45.31%,respectively,compared with control *** ratios of K^(+)/Na^(+),Ca^(2+)/Na^(+)and Mg^(2+)/Na^(+)of GN were significantly higher than those of AG(p<0.05).The root fresh weight(RFW)and dry weight(RDW),root length(RL),RV and RT of alfalfa were positively regulated by soil SOC and TN,but negatively regulated by soil pH,EC,and URE(p<0.01).Root Ca^(2+)/Na+ratio was significantly positively correlated with soil TN,TP and SOC(p<0.01).The absorption of Mg and Ca ions in roots is significantly negatively regulated by soilβ-glucosidase ac

关键词： Saline-alkaline stress alfalfa root traits soil environmental factors correlation analysis

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Mechanical regulation of lipid and sugar absorption by Piezo1 in enterocytes

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3576-3590页

作者： tian Tao Qing Shu Yawen Zhao Wenying Guo Jinting Wang Yuhao Shi Shiqi Jia Hening Zhai hui Chen Cunchuan Wang Geyang Xu Department of Physiology School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China Endoscopy Center the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China Biotherapy Center Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Centerthe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630China Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis&Infection Prevention and Control(Jinan University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510632China

Obesity is primarily caused by excessive intake as well as absorption of sugar and *** surge in distention pressure and intestinal motility accelerates the absorption of *** response of intestinal epithelial cells to mechanical stimulation is not fully ***1,a mechanosensitive ion channel,is widely expressed throughout the digestive ***,its function in intestinal nutrient absorption is not yet *** our study,excessive lipid deposition was observed in the duodenum of obese patients,while duodenal Piezo1-CaMKK2-AMPKa was decreased when compared to normal-weight *** high-fat diet condition,the Piezo1iKO mice exhibited abnormally elevated sugar and lipid absorption as well as severe lipid deposition in the duodenum and *** phenotypes were mainly caused by the inhibition of duodenal CaMKK2-AMPKa and the upregulation of SGLT1 and *** contrast,Yoda1,a Piezo1 agonist,was found to reduce intestinal lipid absorption in diet induced obese *** of Piezo1,stretch and Yoda1 inhibited lipid accumulation and the expression of DGAT2 and SGLT1,whereas knockdown of Piezo1 stimulated lipid accumulation and DGAT2 in Caco-2 *** study reveals a previously unexplored mechanical regulation of nutrient absorption in intestinal epithelial cells,which may shed new light on the therapy of obesity.

关键词： Piezo1 DGAT2 SGLT1 Lipid metabolism Obesity Mechanical sensing Intestinal lipid absorption Intestinal glucose absorption

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