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Current advancements on charge selective contact interfacial layers and electrodes in flexible hybrid perovskite photovoltaics

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第3期30卷 151-173页

作者： Gopalan Saianand Prashant Sonar Gregory J.Wilson Anantha-Iyengar Gopalan Vellaisamy A.l.roy Gautam E.Unni Khan Mamun Reza Behzad Bahrami K.Venkatramanan Qiquan Qiao Global Centre for Environmental Remediation(CCER) Faculty of ScienceThe University of NewcastleCallaghan 2308New South WalesAustralia CSIRO Energy Newcastle Energy Centre10 Murray Dwyer CctMayfield WestNSW 2304Australia School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology(QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Centre for Material Science Queensland University of Technology(QUT)BrisbaneQLD 4000Australia Daegyeong Regional Infrastructure Technology Development Center Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowG128QQUnited Kingdom Facufty of Engineering and Built Environment The University of NewcastleCallaghan 2308New South WalesAustralia Department of Electrical Engineering Center for Advanced PhotovoltaicsSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookings 57007South DakotaUSA Department of Physics SCSVMV Deemed UniversityKanchipuram 631561Tamil NaduIndia

Perovskite-based photovoltaic materials have been attracting attention for their strikingly improved performance at converting sunlight into *** beneficial and unique optoelectronic characteristics of perovskite structures enable researchers to achieve an incredibly remarkable power conversion *** hybrid perovskite photovoltaics promise emerging applications in a myriad of optoelectronic and wearable/portable device applications owing to their inherent intriguing physicochemical and photophysical properties which enabled researchers to take forward advanced research in this growing *** perovskite photovoltaics have attracted significant attention owing to their fascinating material properties with combined merits of high efficiency,light-weight,flexibility,semitransparency,compatibility towards roll-to-roll printing,and large-area mass-scale *** perovskite-based solar cells comprise of 4 key components that include a flexible substrate,semi-transparent bottom contact electrode,perovskite(light absorber layer)and charge transport(electron/hole)layers and top(usually metal)*** these components,interfacial layers and contact electrodes play a pivotal role in influencing the overall photovoltaic *** this comprehensive review article,we focus on the current developments and latest progress achieved in perovskite photovoltaics concerning the charge selective transport layers/electrodes toward the fabrication of highly stable,efficient flexible *** a concluding remark,we briefly summarize the highlights of the review article and make recommendations for future outlook and investigation with perspectives on the perovskite-based optoelectronic functional devices that can be potentially utilized in smart wearable and portable devices.

关键词： Perovskite photovoltaics Charge transport layers Contact interface layer Contact electrodes Printable electronics

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Emerging resistance vs. losing response to immune check point inhibitors in renal cell carcinoma: two differing phenomena

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2023年第3期6卷 642-655页

作者： Arya Mariam roy Saby George Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14203USA

The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and has dramatically improved the outcomes of patients. The use of monotherapy or combinations of ICIs targeting PD-1/PD-l1 and CTlA-4, as well as the addition of ICIs with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, has significantly enhanced the overall survival of mRCC patients. Despite these promising results, there remains a subset of patients who either do not respond to treatment (primary resistance) or develop resistance to therapy over time (acquired resistance). Understanding the mechanisms underlying the development of resistance to ICI treatment is crucial in the management of mRCC, as they can be used to identify new targets for innovative therapeutic strategies. Currently, there is an unmet need to develop new predictive and prognostic biomarkers that can aid in the development of personalized treatment options for mRCC patients. In this review, we summarize several mechanisms of ICI resistance in RCC, including alterations in tumor microenvironment, upregulation of alternative immune checkpoint pathways, and genetic and epigenetic changes. Additionally, we highlight potential strategies that can be used to overcome resistance, such as combination therapy, targeted therapy, and immune modulation.

关键词： Renal cell carcinoma immunotherapy immune checkpoint inhibitors primary resistance acquired resistance immune exhaustion markers immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment

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Observation of Resistive Switching Memory by Reducing Device Size in a New Cr/CrO_x/TiO_x/TiN Structure

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Nano-Micro letters 2015年第4期7卷 392-399页

作者： Debanjan Jana Subhranu Samanta Sourav roy Yu Feng lin Siddheswar Maikap Thin Film Nano Tech. lab. Department of Electronic Engineering Chang Gung University

The resistive switching memory characteristics of 100 randomly measured devices were observed by reducing device size in a Cr/Cr Ox/Ti Ox/Ti N structure for the first *** electron microscope image confirmed a viahole size of 0.4 lm.A 3-nm-thick amorphous Ti Oxwith 4-nm-thick polycrystalline Cr Oxlayer was observed.A small 0.4-lm device shows reversible resistive switching at a current compliance of 300 l A as compared to other larger size devices(1–8 lm)owing to reduction of leakage current through the Ti *** device-to-device uniformity with a yield of[85%has been clarified by weibull distribution owing to higher slope/shape *** switching mechanism is based on oxygen vacancy migration from the Cr Oxlayer and filament formation/rupture in the Ti *** read pulse endurance of[105cycles,good data retention of 6 h,and a program/erase speed of 1 ls pulse width have been obtained.

关键词： CrOx TiOx Resistive switching memory Slope/shape factor Device size

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A comparison of three surface roughness characterization techniques:photogrammetry,pin profiler,and smartphone-based liDAR

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 2422-2439页

作者： Zohreh Alijani Julien Meloche Alexander Mclaren John lindsay Alexandre roy Aaron Berg Department of Geography Environment and GeomaticsUniversity of GuelphGuelphCanada Département de Géomatique Appliquée Université de SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada Département des Sciences de l’Environment Université du Québec à Trois-RivièresTrois-RivièresCanada

Surface roughness plays an important role in microwave remote *** the agricultural domain,surface roughness is crucial for soil moisture retrieval methods that use electromagnetic surface scattering or microwave radiative transfer ***,improved characterization of Soil Surface Roughness(SSR)is of considerable *** this study,three approaches,including a standard pin profiler,a liDAR point cloud generated from an iPhone 12 Pro,and a Structure from Motion(SfM)photogrammetric point cloud,were applied over 24 surface profiles with different roughness variations to measure surface *** objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of smartphone-based liDAR technology to measure surface roughness parameters and compare the results of this technique with the more common *** showed that the iPhone liDAR technology,when point cloud data is captured in a fine-resolution mode,has a significant correlation with SfM photogrammetry(R2=0.70)and a relatively close agreement with pin profiler(R2=0.60).However,this accuracy tends to be greater for random surfaces and rough profiles with row structure *** results of this study confirm that smartphone-based liDAR can be used as a cost-effective,fast,and time-efficient alternative tool for measuring surface roughness,especially for rough,wide,and inaccessible areas.

关键词： liDAR surface roughness structure from motion iPhone pin profiler

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Fabrication of graphene oxide-keratin-chitosan nanocomposite as an adsorbent to remove turbidity from tannery wastewater

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 184-191页

作者： Kobita roy Thuhin Kumar Dey Mamun Jamal Rajasekar Rathanasamy Moganapriya Chinnasamy MdElias Uddin Department of leather Engineering Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringKhulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna 9203Bangladesh Department of Chemistry Faculty of Civil EngineeringKhulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna 9203Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering Kongu Engineering CollegeErodeTamilnadu 638052India Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal 721302India

Excessive turbidity in water is aesthetically unappealing and severely malfunctions the photosynthesis process of aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nanocomposite adsorbent made of graphene oxide-keratin-chitosan for removing turbidity from tannery influent. The nanocomposite was fabricated with simple solution casting methods. Material dispersibility, bonding between composite materials (amide linkage), and the surface morphology of the nanocomposite were analyzed with the ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. At pH of 6, 2 g/l of adsorbent and a 25-min contact time resulted in about 88% of turbidity elimination. After the adsorption process, the total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, salinity, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand of the tannery wastewater were reduced by 55%, 29%, 12%, 58%, and 75%, respectively. The optimum dosage of the nanocomposite with the maximum turbidity removal capacity was 12.62 mg/g. According the adsorption kinetic and isotherm models, the graphene oxide-keratin-chitosan nanocomposite played a key role in the turbidity removal process with chemisorption and electrostatic multilayer adsorption. This study provided methodological and mechanistic insights into the procedures of investigating the removal of turbidity from tannery wastewater with a novel composite material.

关键词： Adsorption Chitosan Electrostatic interaction Nanocomposite Wastewater

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Fast and accurate machine learning prediction of phonon scattering rates and lattice thermal conductivity

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1367-1376页

作者： Ziqi Guo Prabudhya roy Chowdhury Zherui Han Yixuan Sun Dudong Feng Guang lin Xiulin Ruan Department of Mechanical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907-2088 INUSA The Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907-2088 INUSA Department of Mathematics Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907-2088 INUSA

lattice thermal conductivity is important for many applications,but experimental measurements or first principles calculations including three-phonon and four-phonon scattering are expensive or even *** learning approaches that can achieve similar accuracy have been a long-standing open *** recent progress,machine learning models using structural information as descriptors fall short of experimental or first principles *** study presents a machine learning approach that predicts phonon scattering rates and thermal conductivity with experimental and first principles *** success of our approach is enabled by mitigating computational challenges associated with the high skewness of phonon scattering rates and their complex contributions to the total thermal *** learning between different orders of phonon scattering can further improve the model *** surrogates offer up to two orders of magnitude acceleration compared to first principles calculations and would enable large-scale thermal transport informatics.

关键词： spite learning principles

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Electricity consumption patterns within cities:application of a data-driven settlement characterization method

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第1期13卷 119-135页

作者： Pranab K.roy Chowdhury Jeanette E.Weaver Eric M.Weber Dalton lunga St.Thomas M.leDoux Amy N.Rose Budhendra l.Bhaduri Urban Dynamics Institute&Geographic Information Science and Technology Group Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Bredesen Center For Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA

Urban areas presently consume around 75%of global primary energy supply,which is expected to significantly increase in the future due to urban *** sustainable,universal energy access is a pressing challenge for most parts of the *** urban energy consumption patterns may help to address the challenges to urban sustainability and energy ***,urban energy analyses are severely limited by the lack of urban energy *** datasets are virtually non-existent for the developing *** per current projections,most of the new urban growth is bound to occur in these data-starved ***,there is an urgent need of research methods for monitoring and quantifying urban energy utilization ***,we apply a data-driven approach to characterize urban settlements based on their formality,which is then used to assess intraurban urban energy consumption in Johannesburg,South Africa;Sana’a,Yemen;and Ndola,*** is the fastest growing energy *** analyzing the relationship between the settlement types and the corresponding nighttime light emission,a proxy of electricity consumption,we assess the differential electricity consumption *** study presents a simple and scalable solution to fill the present data void to understand intra-city electricity consumption patterns.

关键词： Settlement characterization cities urban electricity consumption VIIRS nighttime lights developing countries

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Experimental reconstruction of primary fragments with kinematical focusing method

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2013年第5期24卷 54-58页

作者： lIN Weiping WADA roy HUANG Meirong lIU Xingquan ZHAO Minghui CHEN Zhiqiang Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

An experimental method was used to evaluate the primary isotope yields of semi-central collisions in the reaction system64Zn+112Sn at 40A *** characteristic nature of the hot nuclear matter at the time of the isotope formation was *** multiplicities of light particles(lPs) associated with intermediate mass fragments(IMFs) were determined experimentally by using a kinematical focusing *** primary isotope distributions,reconstructed by a Monte Carlo method,were compared with those of the AMD-Gemini ***/T=0.11 and asym/T=3.34 were extracted from the reconstructed primary fragments *** are consistent with those of the primary fragments of the AMD simulation.

关键词：运动学主段实验聚焦法同位素分布中等质量碎片蒙特卡罗方法反应体系

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tuning the properties of confined water in standard and lybrid nanotubes： An infrared spectroscopic study

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Nano Research 2018年第9期11卷 4759-4773页

作者： Yuanyuan liao Pierre Picot Maxime laine Jean-Blaise Brubach Pascale roy Antoine Thill Sophie le Caer lIONS NIMBE UMR 3685 CEA CNRS Universite Paris-Saclay CEA Saclay Bt. 546 F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France Synchrotron SOlEIl AIlES Beamline L'Orme des Mefisier Saint-Aubin BP 48 F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France

Imogolite is a natural nanotubular aluminum silicate clay mineral found in volcanic soils. Its well-defined, tunable structure makes it a good candidate for studying water confinement in a one-dimensional （1D） structure. Water confinement in self-sustaining imogolite thin films was studied using infrared spectroscopy. Two types of synthetic imogolites were investigated： pristine imogolite （IMO-OH） with a hydrophilic inner surface covered with Si-OH groups and hybrid imogolite （IMO-CH3） with a hydrophobic inner surface covered with Si-CH3 groups. Both imogolites have an outer surface that is covered with Al-OH groups. Infrared spectra were recorded in the 20-4,000 cm^-1 spectral range as a function of relative humidity. Analysis of the O-H stretching band provides information on the H bonding of confined water molecules inside and outside the IMO-OH tubes. The scenario for water filling as a function of relative humidity is determined for both systems. Adsorption begins in the IMO-OH tubes at the lowest relative humidity （〈 10%）. The inner surface of the tubes is first covered with water molecules; then, the central part of the tubes is filled, leading to very strong H bonds and a structured spectrum. In contrast, the H bonds of water adsorbed on the outer surfaces of these tubes are weaker. A different scenario is observed for water inside IMO-CH3： Weakly H-bonded water molecules are present, similar to that observed in carbon nanotubes. Water confinement in imogolites is governed by the hydrophilicity of the inner walls. At similar partial pressures, the degree of H bonding depends on the interactions between water and the nanotube wall.

关键词： imogolite nanotubes confinement infrared spectroscopy water isotherms hydrophilic hydrophobic

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Visualizing recent changes in Wikipedia

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2013年第5期56卷 21-35页

作者： BIUK-AGHAI Robert P. CHAN roy Chi Kit SI Yain-Whar FONG Simon Department of Computer and Information Science Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Macau

large wikis such as Wikipedia attract large numbers of editors continuously editing *** is difficult to observe what editing activity goes on at any given moment,what editing patterns can be observed,and which are the currently active editors and *** introduce the design and implementation of an information visualization tool for data streams of recent changes in wikis that aims to address this *** also show examples of our visualizations from English Wikipedia,and present several patterns of editing activity that we have visually identified using our *** have evaluated our tool's usability,accuracy and speed of task performance in comparison with Wikipedia's recent changes page,and have obtained qualitative feedback from users on the pros and cons of our *** also present a review of the related literature.

关键词： Wikipedia wiki recent changes data stream information visualization

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