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Examining the intrinsic foot muscles'capacity to modulate plantar flexor gearing and ankle joint contributions to propulsion in vertical jumping

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第5期12卷 639-647,F0003页

作者： ross smith Glen Lichtwark Dominic Farris Luke Kelly School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Sport and Health Sciences College of Life and Environmental SciencesThe University of ExeterExeterEX12LUUnited Kingdom

Background:During human locomotion,a sufficiently stiff foot allows the ankle plantar flexors to generate large propulsive *** foot stiffness(e.g.,via a carbon plate)increases the ankle’s external moment arm in relation to the internal moment arm(i.e.,increasing gear ratio),reduces plantar flexor muscles’shortening velocity,and enhances muscle force *** contrast,when activation of the foot’s intrinsic muscles is impaired,there is a reduction in foot and ankle work and metatarsophalangeal joint *** speculated that the reduced capacity to actively control metatarsophalangeal joint stiffness may impair the gearing function of the foot at the ***:We used a tibial nerve block to examine the direct effects of the intrinsic foot muscles on ankle joint kinetics,in vivo medial gastrocnemius’musculotendinous dynamics,and ankle gear ratio on 14 participants during maximal vertical ***:Under the nerve block,the internal ankle plantar flexion moment decreased(p=0.004)alongside a reduction in external moment arm length(p=0.021)and ankle joint gear ratio(p=0.049)when compared to the non-blocked *** medial gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit and fascicle velocity were not different between conditions,the Achilles tendon was shorter during propulsion in the nerve block condition(p<0.001).Conclusion:In addition to their known role of regulating the energetic function of the foot,our data indicate that the intrinsic foot muscles also act to optimize ankle joint torque production and leverage during the propulsion phase of vertical jumping.

关键词： Ankle biomechanics Ankle gearing Foot biomechanicsTagedEnd

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Pyogenic liver abscess:An audit of 10 years’experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第12期17卷 1622-1630页

作者： Tony CY Pang Thomas Fung Jaswinder Samra Thomas J Hugh ross C smith Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit Royal North Shore HospitalUniversity of SydneySt Leonards NSW 2065Australia

AIM:To describe our own experience with pyogenic liver abscesses over the past 10 years and investigate the risk factors associated with failure of initial percutaneous ***:A retrospective study of records of 63 PLA patients presenting between 1998 and 2008 to Australian tertiary referral centre,were *** and hydatid abscesses were ***,clinical,radiological,and microbiological characteristics,as well as surgical/radiological interventions,were ***:Sixty-three patients(42 males,21 females) aged 65(±14) years[mean±(SD) ]had prodromal symptoms for a median(interquartile range;IQR) of 7(5-14) *** 59%of patients were febrile at presentation;however,the serum C-reactive protein was elevated in all 47 in whom it was *** function tests were non-specifically abnormal.67%of patients had a solitary abscess,while 32%had>3 abscesses with a median(IQR) diameter of 6.3(4-9) *** organisms were:Streptococcus milleri 25%,Klebsiella pneumoniae 21%,and Escherichia coli 16%.A presumptive cryptogenic cause was most common (34%).Four patients died in this series:one from sepsis,two from advanced cancer,and one from acute myocardial *** initial procedure was radiological aspiration±drainage in 54 and surgery in two patients.17%underwent surgical management during their *** hypoalbuminaemia[mean (95%CI) :32(29-35) g/L vs 28(25-31) g/L,P=0.045] on presentation was found to be the only factor related to failure of initial percutaneous therapy on univariate ***:PLA is a diagnostic challenge,because the presentation of this condition is *** antibiotics and radiological drainage in the first instance allows resolution of most PLAs;However,a small proportion of patients still require surgical drainage.

关键词： Pyogenic liver abscess Image guided drainage Surgical drainage C-reactive protein Hypoalbuminaemia

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Global English:gift or curse?

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基础教育外语教学研究 2005年第6期 -页

作者： ross smith Pricewaterhouse Coopers Spain

The status of the English language as the lingua franca of the global information society is beyond dispute, but what is not so clear is whether it is capable of fulfilling that role efficiently. In the following article ross smith responds to the supporters of Global English by examining the qualities that an ideal international auxiliary language would possess and then discussing the extent to which those qualities are to be found in modern English.

关键词：出口:10000

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Examining the use of narrative constructs in data videos

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Visual Informatics 2020年第1期4卷 8-22页

作者： Ruochen Cao Subrata Dey Andrew Cunningham James Walsh ross T.smith Joanne E.Zucco Bruce H.Thomas The School of Information Technology and Mathematical Science University of South AustraliaAustralia Department of Media University of AdelaideAustralia

Data videos are a highly impactful method of communication and are becoming a prevalent medium for communicating *** the majority of current research focuses on the cinematic aspects of data videos,very little is known about the narrative methodologies *** paper presents our insights derived from an initial exploration of this *** present a taxonomy based on the analysis of 70 existing data videos examining their narrative and visual *** propose that our taxonomy can be used to explain the characteristics or design of data *** this taxonomy,we present our observations,including the trend of popular technologies applied in current data videos,the under-utilization of promising methods,and highlight research opportunities in the field.

关键词： Narrative visualization Data videos Taxonomy Narrative approaches

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The acute effects of vibration stimulus following FIFA 11+ on agility and reactive strength in collegiate soccer players

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2014年第4期3卷 293-298页

作者： ross Cloak Alan Nevill Julian smith Matthew Wyon Research Centre for Sport Exercise and Performancethe University of WolverhamptonWalsall CampusWSI 3BDUK

Purpose： The aim of this study was to assess the effects of combining the FIFA 11＋ and acute vibration training on reactive strength index （RSI） and 505 agility. Methods： Seventy-four male collegiate soccer players took part in the study and were randomly assigned to FIFA 11＋ with acute vibration group （FIFA ＋ WBV）, FIFA 11＋ with isometric squat group （FIFA ＋ IS） or a control group consisting of the F1FA 11＋ alone （Con）. The warm-up consisted of the FIFA 11＋ and was administered to all participants. The participants in the acute vibration group were exposed to 30 s whole body vibration in squat position immediately post warm-up. The isometric group completed an isometric squat for 30 s immediately post warm-up. Results： RSI significantly improved pre- to post-intervention amongst FIFA ＋ WBV （p 〈 0.001） due to a decrease in contact time （p 〈 0.001） in comparison to FIFA ＋ IS and Con, but 505 agility was not affected. Conclusion： The results of this study suggest the inclusion of an acute bout of WBV post FIFA 11＋ warm-up produces a neuromuscular response leading to an improvement in RSI. Future research is required to examine the exact mechanisms behind these improvements amongst other populations and over time course of the performance.

关键词： Agility FIFA 11+ Reactive strength Soccer Vibration

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Delivering an mRNA vaccine using a lymphatic drug delivery device improves humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2022年第6期14卷 47-56页

作者： Runqiang Chen Hui Xie Sahba Khorsandzadeh Madison smith Namir Shaabani Qidong Hu Xiaoxuan Lyu Hua Wang Wan-lin Lim Haotian Sun Henry Ji Brian Cooley Russell ross David M.Francis Sorrento Therapeutics Inc.San DiegoCA 92121USA Sofusa a Division of Sorrento TherapeuticsAtlantaGA 30350USA

The exploration and identification of safe and effective vaccines for the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have captured the world's attention and remains an ongoing issue due to concerns of balancing protection against emerging variants of concern while also generating long-lasting immunity. Here, we report the synthesis of a novel messenger ribonucleic acid encoding the spike protein in a lipid nanoparticle formulation (STI-7264) that generates robust humoral and cellular immunity following immunization of C57Bl6 mice. In an effort to improve immunity, a clinically focused lymphatic drug delivery device (MuVaxx) was engineered to modulate immune cells at the injection site (epidermis and dermis) and draining lymph node (LN) and tested to measure adaptive immunity. Using MuVaxx, immune responses were elicited and maintained at a 10-fold dose reduction compared to traditional intramuscular (IM) administration as measured by anti-spike antibodies, cytokine-producing CD8 T cells, neutralizing antibodies against the Washington (wild type) strain and South African (Beta) variants, and LN-resident spike-specific memory B cells. Remarkably, a 4-fold-elevated T cell response was observed in MuVaxx-administered vaccination compared to that of IM-administered vaccination. Thus, these data support further investigation into STI-7264 and lymphatic-mediated delivery using MuVaxx for SARS-CoV-2 and VoC vaccines.

关键词： COVID-19 lymph nodes lymphatics vaccines drug delivery

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Card7 mediates LRRK2 induced toxicity

Card7 mediates LRRK2 induced toxicity

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中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第七届全国学术会议

作者： W.smith Valina Dawson Ted Dawson Christopher A.ross Department of Neurology 1st HospitalSunyat-Sen University Division of Neurobiology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland21205 USA

＜正＞Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons and presence of Lewy *** in Leucine-rich repeat kinase-2（LRRK2） cause familiar PD and some sporadic PD. LRRK2 also is component of Lewy *** used four LRRK2 bait-constructs to screen human substantial negra library in the yeast two-hybrid system,resulting in the identification of a positive interaction cDNAs clone using the LRR domain as a bait,which has 97%homology with human ***7 protein belongs to caspase recruitment domain（CARD） family and is widely detected in human tissues,with rich expression in ***7 contains a card at the carboxyl terminus,a pyrin domain at N-terminus,a putative nucleotide binding site（YACHT or NACHT） and a putative regulatory domain containing multiple leucine-rich repeats（LRR）.Card7 regulates apoptosis and inflammatory *** loss is a key feature of both familial and sporadic *** share similar programmed cell death pathways with other mammalian cell *** containing the death domain,such as members of CARD family of proteins including Card7,play a pivotal role in signaling events that regulate *** study suggested that overexpression of card7 in Hela cells and primary cerebellar granule neurons enhanced caspase-3 activity and induced *** further confirm the interaction of Card7 with LRRK2,card7 and LRRK2 were co-transfected into HEK293T *** found that Card7 co-immunopercipated with both wild type and mutant *** PD-linked mutant G2019S-LRRK2 increased Card7 interaction with ***,co-immunocytochemical studies of HEK293T cells co-expressing Card7 and LRRK2 showed that both proteins expressed in cytosol and partially co-localization with *** map the Card7 binding domain with LRRK2,we co-transfected various Card7 truncated constructs with ***2 predominantly interacted with YACHT and LRR domain of *** explore the role of ca

关键词： LRRK2 Card7 toxicity protein interaction

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A Facilitated Interface to Generate a Combined Textual and Graphical Database System Using Widely Available Software

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2012年第10期5卷 789-796页

作者： Corey Lawson Kirk Larson Jonathan Van Erdewyk Christopher smith Al Rizzo Landon ross Marc Rendell Creighton University School of Medicine Omaha USA

Data-Base Management System (DBMS) is the current standard for storing information. A DBMS organizes and maintains a structure of storage of data. Databases make it possible to store vast amounts of randomly created information and then retrieve items using associative reasoning in search routines. However, design of databases is cumbersome. If one is to use a database primarily to directly input information, each field must be predefined manually, and the fields must be organized to permit coherent data input. This static requirement is problematic and requires that database table(s) be predefined and customized at the outset, a difficult proposition since current DBMS lack a user friendly front end to allow flexible design of the input model. Furthermore, databases are primarily text based, making it difficult to process graphical data. We have developed a general and nonproprietary approach to the problem of input modeling designed to make use of the known informational architecture to map data to a database and then retrieve the original document in freely editable form. We create form templates using ordinary word processing software: Microsoft InfoPath 2007. Each field in the form is given a unique name identifier in order to be distinguished in the database. It is possible to export text based documents created initially in Microsoft Word by placing a colon at the beginning of any desired field location. InfoPath then captures the preceding string and uses it as the label for the field. Each form can be structured in a way to include any combination of both textual and graphical fields. We input data into InfoPath templates. We then submit the data through a web service to populate fields in an SQL database. By appropriate indexing, we can then recall the entire document from the SQL database for editing, with corresponding audit trail. Graphical data is handled no differently than textual data and is embedded in the database itself permitting direct query ap

关键词： Graphical Database Systems InfoPath SQL Data Mining

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澳大利亚北部陆架区的石油远景

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海洋地质译丛 1988年第1期 12-17页

作者： M.R.smith J.G.ross 侯桂卿

引言目前,阿拉弗拉海大陆架已经成为重新勘探的目标。本文论述了对这一海区重新进行勘探的几种可能的原因,论证了该区尚待确定和勘探的许多油藏。本文所讨论的地区的位置表示在图1中,其中包括阿拉弗拉海盆区,但毫无疑问,有不

关键词：澳大利亚北部巴瑟斯特岛海槽中生代地层地堑拉弗伊里安查亚油气显示古生代地层沉积层序

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Biofabrication and biomanufacturing in Ireland and the UK

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第6期7卷 825-856页

作者： Jack F.Murphy Martha Lavelle Lisa Asciak ross Burdis Hannah J.Levis Cosimo Ligorio Jamie Mc Guire Marlene Polleres Poppy O.smith Lucinda Tullie Juan Uribe-Gomez Biqiong Chen Jonathan I.Dawson Julien E.Gautrot Nigel M.Hooper Daniel J.Kelly Vivian S.W.Li Alvaro Mata Abhay Pandit James B.Phillips Wenmiao Shu Molly M.Stevens Rachel L.Williams James P.K.Armstrong Yan Yan Shery Huang Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridge CB21PZUK Department of Translational Health Sciences Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristol BS13NYUK Department of Biomedical Engineering University of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NWUK Department of Materials Institute of Biomedical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Department of Bioengineering Institute of Biomedical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Department of Eye and Vision Science Institute of Life Course and Medical SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L78TXUK Biodiscovery Institute University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and RegenerationHuman Development and HealthFaculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton S0166YDUK Division of Neuroscience School of Biological SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PTUK UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering Department of PharmacologyUCL School of PharmacyUniversity College LondonLondon WC1N 1AXUK Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical DevicesUniversity of GalwayGalway H91 W2TYIreland School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Queen’s University BelfastBelfast BT95AHUK School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre Manchester Academic Health Science CentreNorthern Care Alliance and University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland Department of Mechanical Manufacturing and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringTrinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre(AMBER) Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and T

As we navigate the transition from the Fourth to the Fifth Industrial Revolution,the emerging fields of biomanufacturing and biofabrication are transforming life sciences and *** sectors are benefiting from a synergy of synthetic and engineering biology,sustainable manufacturing,and integrated design *** techniques such as 3D bioprinting,tissue engineering,directed assembly,and self-assembly are instrumental in creating biomimetic scaffolds,tissues,organoids,medical devices,and biohybrid *** field of biofabrication in the United Kingdom and Ireland is emerging as a pivotal force in bioscience and healthcare,propelled by cutting-edge research and *** on the production of biologically functional products for use in drug delivery,in vitro models,and tissue engineering,research institutions across these regions are dedicated to innovating healthcare solutions that adhere to ethical standards while prioritising sustainability,affordability,and healthcare system benefits.

关键词： Bioprinting Drug delivery Biomaterials Tissue engineering Sustainability Biohybrid

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