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Dehydrated Natural Feed for Cats: Influence on Apparent Digestibility Coefficient, Feces Scores, and Serum Immune, Antioxidant, and Metabolic Biomarkers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 594-611页

作者： Bruno Giorgio de Oliveira Cécere Guilherme luiz Deolindo Bianca F. Bissacotti Priscila Marquezin Copetti Maria rosa Chitolina Schetinger Bruna Klein Matheus Delamea Baldissera Thiago Pereira Ribeiro Walter Hugo Cuelho Suarez Daniel Pigatto Monteiro Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva Graduate Multicenter Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of the State of Santa Catarina Lages Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil Department of Animal Science Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) Chapec Brazil Department of Health Science Universidade Franciscana (UFN) Santa Maria Brazil Department of Animal Nutrition Tectron-Tecnologia e Inovao Toledo Brazil

The present study aimed to determine whether natural dehydrated feed (DNF) can replace dry extruded feed while preserving the required daily intake, nutrient digestibility and benefits for immunity and antioxidant response in cats. The animals were divided into two groups of seven animals each. One group received DNF, and the other consumed commercial extruded dry feed (DCF). The experiment lasted 45 days and we measured daily consumption and collected blood and feces samples. The animals in the DNF group showed greater digestibility of fiber and mineral matter than DCF. Cats in the DNF group had a higher volume of feces. DNF cats had lower leukocyte and granulocyte counts and cholesterol levels. Serum enzymatic antioxidant responses and non-enzymatic were higher in DNF cats. Cats in the DNF group showed lower serum acute phase proteins in addition to a tendency toward a higher concentration of transferrin than in the DCF group. Fecal Escherichia coli and total coliform counts of cats fed DNF were higher than DCF. We conclude that the daily consumption of cats is adequate. This feed had greater digestibility of fiber and mineral matter, in addition to an improvement in antioxidant and immunological responses.

关键词： Alternative Feed Antioxidant Companion Animals Health

Endophytic Occupation in Nodules of Rhynchosia Plants from Semiarid Regions of Argentina

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1081-1099页

作者： Cinthia T.lucero María de los Á.Ruíz Fabiola Pagliero Carolina Castaño Mariela l.Ambrosino Graciela S.lorda Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de La PampaRuta Nacional 35km 330Santa RosaLa PampaCP6300Argentina INTA EEA Anguil“Ing.Agr.Guillermo Covas”Ruta Nacional 5 km 580AnguilLa PampaCC116326Argentina

Beneﬁcial microbes can improve soil health by promoting soil structure,nutrient cycling,and disease *** addition,a wide array of rhizospheric microbes are responsible for producing metabolically active compounds including various types of plant growth ***,microbial biodiversity studies could contribute to the improvement of agricultural practices in deprived areas,such as the Pampean semiarid *** vast majority of studies conducted on endophytic microorganisms have focused on intensive crop legume *** contrast,little attention has been paid to microorganisms of native legumes,whose ecology is not directly affected by human *** this study,endophytic microorganisms isolated from root nodules of a selected native legume of the genus Rhynchosia were *** isolates were studied with a focus on their plant growth-pro-moting rhizobacteria(PGPR)*** the edaphic characteristics of the Pampean semiarid region,the isolates obtained were evaluated for their ability to grow under three salt stress conditions(50,100,and 200 mM NaCl)and four different pH values(6,7,8,and 9).Based on their PGPR activities,the selected strains were phylogenetically grouped using *** results showed great variability among the isolates in terms of the characteristics *** legumes manifested a wide endophytic variability and remarkable perfor-mance in PGPR *** conclude that they could be used as potential bioinoculants for legume cultivation,an excellent alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers that currently pollute the environment.

关键词： Native strains endophytes PGPR native legumes stress

Estimation of aboveground biomass of arboreal species in the semi-arid region of Brazil using SAR(synthetic aperture radar)images

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Journal of Arid land 2023年第6期15卷 695-709页

作者： Janisson B de JESUS Tatiana M KUPlICH Íkaro D de C BARRETO Fernando l HIllEBRAND Cristiano N da rosa Postgraduate Program in Remote Sensing Federal University of Rio Grande do SulCampus ValePorto Alegre 91501970Brazil National Institute for Space Research(INPE) COESU(Southern Spatial Coordination)Santa Maria 97105970Brazil Postgraduate Program Biometry and Applied Statistics Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecife 52171900Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul(IFRS)Campus RolanteRolante 95690000Brazil Postgraduate Program in Remote Sensing Polar and Climate CenterFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 91501970Brazil

The Caatinga biome is an important ecosystem in the semi-arid region of *** has significantly degraded due to human activities and is currently a region undergoing ***,monitoring the variation in the Caatinga biome has become essential for its sustainable ***,traditional methods for estimating aboveground biomass(AGB)are time-consuming and *** sensing,such as optical and radar imaging,can estimate and correlate with ***,radar imaging is still a novelty to be applied in estimating the AGB of this biome,which is an area with little ***,this study aimed to use Sentinel-1 images to estimate the AGB of the Caatinga biome in Sergipe State(northeastern Brazil)and to verify its influencing *** sample plots(30 m×30 m)were selected,and the stems of individuals with a circumference at breast height(1.3 m above the ground)equal to or greater than 6.0 cm were measured,and the AGB through an allometric equation was *** Sentinel-1 images from 3 different periods(green,intermediate,and dry periods)were used to consider the phenological conditions of the Caatinga *** the pre-processing and extraction of attributes(co-polarized VV(vertical transmit and vertical receive),cross-polarized VH(vertical transmit and horizontal receive),and band ratio VH/VV backscatter,radar vegetation index,dual polarization synthetic aperture radar(SAR)vegetation index(DPSVI),entropy(H),and alpha angle(α))were performed with Sentinel’s Application *** attributes were used to estimate the AGB through simple and multiple linear regressions and evaluated by the coefficients of determination(R2),correlation(r),and root mean squared error(RMSE).The results showed that the attributes individually had little ability to estimate the AGB of the Caatinga biome in the three *** with multiple regression,we found that the intermediate period presented the equation with the best

关键词： Caatinga tropical dry forest coherent and incoherent attributes C-band Sentinel-1

Understanding Farmers’ Preferences Towards Insurance Schemes that Promote Biosecurity Best Management Practices

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 705-715页

作者： rosa Mato-Amboage Julia Touza Mario Soliño Department of Environment and Geography University of YorkYork YO105NGUnited Kingdom York Environmental Sustainability Institute University of YorkYork YO105NGUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas CSIC36208 VigoSpain Complutense Institute for International Studies(ICEI) Campus de Somosaguas28223 Pozuelo de AlarcónSpain

Plant pest and disease outbreaks,which occur with increasing frequency and intensity,cause catastrophic losses and threaten food security in many areas around the *** impacts are expected to be exacerbated by climate *** this challenge requires mechanisms that ensure the financial security of farmers while incentivizing private biosecurity efforts to prevent future *** study explored crop producers’ preferences for a subsidized insurance scheme as an instrument to manage novel biotic *** ally,we developed a choice experiment to evaluate Spanish growers’ willingness to pay for a crop insurance product that promotes compliance with best biosecurity management *** results show that while growers are willing to pay more for high coverage products that increase the resilience of crops to potential catastrophic outbreaks,there is neither a strong demand nor widespread availability of such *** required reductions in premiums before undertaking risk prevention measures;they are more willing to pay for schemes that link their eligibility to access to ad hoc funds in the eventuality of a catastrophic outbreak than they are to purchase *** findings also suggest that Spanish growers prefer expanding the eligible risks covered by insurance and envisage a role for insurance in offering biosecurity protection.

关键词： Biosecurity protection Choice experiment Crop insurance Pest risk Spain Subsidized insurance

Colorectal cancer carcinogenesis:From bench to bedside

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第3期14卷 654-663页

作者： Pedro Currais Isadora rosa Isabel Claro Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Portugues de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco GentilLisboa 1099-023Portugal

Colorectal cancer(CRC)remains one of the main causes of cancer death in developed ***,it is potentially preventable,by removing the precursor lesions-adenomas or serrated *** studies proved that this intervention reduces CRC mortality and that the first colonoscopy’s results can guide surveillance *** recently,it became clear that several carcinogenesis pathways may lead to sporadic *** is a heterogeneous disease,characterized by multiple molecular *** main pathways have been implicated in the development of CRC:Chromosomal instability,microsatellite instability,and the“serrated”pathways,with overlapping features between *** and other molecular and genetic based CRC classifications are known to have clinical implications,spanning from familial risk assessment to therapy *** authors review basic science data and provide insight on current implications for the management of patients with CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Carcinogenesis pathways Microsatellite instability APC KRAS BRAF

Weighted individual-resource networks in prey–predator systems: the role of prey availability on the emergence of modular structures

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 115-127页

作者： Andrea COSTA Antonio ROMANO Giacomo rosa Sebastiano SAlVIDIO Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences(DISTAV)University of GenovaGenovaItaly Italian National Research Council(CNR) Agriculture and Food Sciences Department(IBE)Institute of Bioeconomy–BiologyRomaRMItaly

Ecological networks,usually depicting interactions among species,have been recently down-scaled to the individual level,permitting description of patterns of inter-individual resource variation that are usually hindered at the species *** diet theory(ODT)models,applied to prey–predator systems,predict different patterns of nestedness and modularity in the network,depending on the available resources and intra-specific *** effect of resource availability on the emergence of networks structures,and ODT framework,has not yet fully been ***,we analyzed the structural patterns of individual-resource networks in 3 species of Mediterranean salamanders,in relation to changes in prey *** used weighted individual-resource network metrics to interpret the observed patterns,according to 3 ODT *** found significant nestedness recurring in our study system,indicating that both selective and opportunistic individuals occur in the same *** diversity,rather than abundance,was apparently related to inter-individual resource variation and promoted the emergence of significant modularity within all *** observed patterns of nestedness and modularity,together with the variation in resource diversity and intra-specific competition,are in agreement with the distinct preferences model of *** findings suggest that in the focal prey–predator systems,individuals were able to perceive changes in prey diversity and to exploit in different ways the variations in composition of available resources,shifting their diet assembly rules *** findings also confirm that the use of weighted individual-resource networks,in prey–predator systems,allows to disclose dynamics that are masked at the species or population level.

关键词： inter-individual resource variation network-analysis optimal diet theory prey availability salamanders

Compositional Features of Fine Sediments Involved in the Montescaglioso landslide(Southern Italy)

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1513-1525页

作者： Vito Summa rosa Sinisi Eleonora Paris Agnese Emanuela Bonomo National Research Council Institute of Methodologies for Environmental AnalysisC/da S.Loja 85050Tito ScaloItaly School of Science and Technology Geology DivisionUniversity of Camerino62032CamerinoItaly

This paper presents the multidisciplinary study of the southern Italy Plio-Pleistocene sediments involved in the large Montescaglioso *** principal aim of the work is to assess the compositional characters(i.e.,grain-size,mineralogy,petrography and geochemistry)and some rheological features(Atterberg’s limits,plasticity index and activity)of these sediments to enrich our knowledge about the Montescaglioso fine sediments and correlation among the lithological properties *** types of sediments,from a deep geognostic borehole and from the surrounding landslide area,were collected and *** significant compositional differences have been found between the core and landslide area ***,some changes have been detected in sediments along the ***,the-15 to-20 m lithostratigraphic level hosts the highest percentages of phyllosilicates and clay fraction(CF),commonly considered as possible hazard factors for the landslide *** more,in the studied core sediments,the CF contents correlate with the Atterberg’s liquid and plastic limits and a CF value of about 38%was suggested as threshold value for the changing of index properties of *** factors,such as the weathering degree and clay mineral type,do not show significant correlations with the rheological properties of sediments here studied.

关键词： grain-size mineralogy geochemistry index properties Plio-Pleistocene sediments

Monitoring dynamics of defects and single Fe atoms in N-functionalized few-layer graphene by in situ temperature programmed scanning transmission electron microscopy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 520-530,I0014页

作者： rosa Arrigo Takeo Sasaki June Callison Diego Gianolio Manfred Erwin Schuster School of Science Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchester M54WTUK Diamond light Source Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcot 0X1/ODEUK JEOl UK ltd.JEOl House 1-2 Silver CourtWatchmeadWelwyn Garden CityHerts AL71LTUK Department of Chemistry University College London20 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H OAJUK UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at Harwell(RCaH)Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell Oxon 0X11 OFAUK Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Reading RG49NH.UK

In this study,we aim to contribute an understanding of the pathway of formation of Fe species during top-down synthesis of dispersed Fe on N-functionalized few layer graphene,widely used in *** use X-ray absorption spectroscopy to determine the electronic structure and coordination geometry of the Fe species and in situ high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with atomic resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy to localize these,identify their chemical configuration and monitor their dynamics during thermal *** show the high mobility of peripheral Fe atoms,first diffusing rapidly at the trims of the graphene layers and at temperatures as high as 573 K,diffusing from the edge planes towards in-plane locations of the graphene layers forming three-,four-coordinated metal sites and more complexes polynuclear Fe *** process occurs via bond C-C breaking which partially reduces the extension of the graphene ***,the vast majority of Fe is segregated as a metal *** dynamic interconversion depends on the structural details of the surrounding graphitic environment in which these are formed as well as the Fe loading.N species appear stabilizing isolated and polynuclear Fe species even at temperatures as high as 873 *** significance of our results lies on the fact that single Fe atoms in graphene are highly mobile and therefore a structural description of the electroactive sites as such is insufficient and more complex species might be more relevant,especially in the case of multielectron transfer *** we provide the experimental evidence of the formation of these polynuclear Fe-N sites and their structural characteristics.

关键词： HAADF-STEM Single Fe atom sites N-doped Few-layer graphene Dinuclear Fe species

In Silico and in Vitro Analysis of Pyrazolone Derivatives against Zika Virus and Identification of Potential NS5 Methyltransferase Inhibitors by Molecular Docking

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 214-229页

作者： luciene Soares Silva Tiago Soares Barbosa Maria leonisa Sanchez-Nuñez Aldenise Mont Serrat rosa da Silva Vitor Won-Held Rabelo leonardo dos Santos Corrêa Amorim leonardo Alves Miceli Percilene Fazolin Vegi Alice Bernardino Helena Carla Castro Izabel Christina Nunes de Palmer Paixão Science and Biotechnology Graduate Program Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Institute of Biology Fluminense Federal University Niteri Brazil Science and Biotechnology Graduate Program Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Institute of Biology Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brazil laboratory of Antibiotics Biochemistry Teaching and Molecular Modeling Institute of Biology Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brazil laboratory of Organic Chemistry at the Institute of Chemistry Institute of Biology Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brazil

Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, has been associated with benign infections for decades. However, it has become a public health concern due to its association with severe fetal and neurological complications. Although many efforts have been made to control ZIKV infection, approved vaccines or antiviral drugs are still lacking. Consequently, the development of new effective anti-ZIKV agents is urgently needed. In this context, we investigated the antiviral potential of pyrazolone derivatives against ZIKV replication using in silico and in vitro methods. The four pyrazolone derivatives evaluated (1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d) inhibited over 50% of ZIKV replication with low cytotoxicity. Among them, compound 1b exhibited the most potent activity (EC50 = 4.3 μM) and the highest selectivity (SI = 342). Mechanism of action studies indicated that these compounds act at early stages of virus replication, and compound 1b can also directly inactivate ZIKV particles. Molecular docking studies suggested that these compounds can bind to and block the activity of ZIKV NS5 methyltransferase. Finally, pharmacokinetic and toxicological predictions have reinforced the safety and drug-like profiles of these derivatives. In conclusion, the pyrazolone scaffold proved to be valuable for anti-ZIKV drug development, and the derivatives studied deserve further investigation.

关键词： Zika Pyrazolone NS5 Methyltransferase Antivirals