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Translation machinery: the basis of translational control

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第4期51卷 367-378页

作者： Shu yuan Guilong Zhou Guoyong Xu State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Institute for Advanced Studies(IAS)Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

Messenger RNA(mRNA)translation consists of initiation,elongation,termination,and ribosome recycling,carried out by the translation machinery,primarily including tRNAs,ribosomes,and translation factors(TrFs).Translational regulators transduce signals of growth and development,as well as biotic and abiotic stresses,to the translation machinery,where global or selective translational control occurs to modulate mRNA translation efficiency(TrE).As the basis of translational control,the translation machinery directly determines the quality and quantity of newly synthesized peptides and,ultimately,the cellular ***,regulating the availability of diverse machinery components is reviewed as the central strategy of translational *** provide classical signaling pathways(e.g.,integrated stress responses)and cellular behaviors(e.g.,liquideliquid phase separation)to exemplify this strategy within different physiological contexts,particularly during hostemicrobe *** new technologies developed,further understanding this strategy will speed up translational medicine and translational agriculture.

关键词： Translational control Ribosome tRNA Translation machinery uORF Phase separation Immune response

Benthodytes occidentpalauta ***.,a new species of deep-sea holothuroid(Elasipodida:Psychropotidae)from the west of Kyushu-Palau Ridge in the Western Pacific Ocean

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 252-262页

作者： Chongzhen yuan Chunsheng WANG Dongsheng ZHANG Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Benthodytes occidentpalauta *** collected from the Kyushu-Palau Ridge at a depth of 5481 m in *** new species is characterized by a gelatinous body wall,violet skin,six pairs of dorsal papillae,and a rough mid-ventral surface without tube *** dorsal deposits are rod-shaped and *** types of papillae deposits as crosses with four arms with central bipartite *** deposits are *** ossicles are rod-shaped with end *** deposits are rodshaped,tripartite,and *** phylogenetic analyses based on cytochrome oxidase subunit 1(COI)and 16S individually and a concatenated dataset of COI and 16S genes of this species support that *** *** to Benthodytes.

关键词： Holothuroidea Benthodytes cytochrome oxidase subunit 1(COI) 16S phylogenetic analysis

Application of system identification in a practical active noise control system

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 282-291页

作者： Yu yuan Zhaoyang Sun Hongwei Zhang School of Mechanical Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu610039SichuanChina School of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu611756SichuanChina School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055GuangdongChina

Noise pollution has become increasingly severe around the world due to fast urbanization. How to soundproof windows from outside noise is of significant interest for both academia and industry. This paper reports an experimental implementation of normalized minmax active noise control (ANC) algorithm on an open window system, where identifying the model of acoustic sound paths plays a central role. By doing this, traffic noise is attenuated by the ANC system, leading to a relatively quiet indoor environment, while the natural lighting and ventilation functions of a window are remained. Our experiments show that an average of 19 dB(A) noise reduction is achieved.

关键词： Active noise control Multi-input-multi-output system Normalized minimax algorithm System identification

Dihydroanthracene bridged bis-naphthopyrans:A multimodal chromophore with mechano-and photo-chromic properties

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 166-170页

作者： Yanbing Shen yuan yuan Yaxin Wang Xiaonan Ma Wensheng Yang Yulan Chen Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300354China State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Mechanochromophores based on bichromic molecular switches,such as bis-naphthopyanes,allow multimodal mechanochromic behavior beyond the typical binary response from single chromophores,which is important for distinguishing between multiple stress states through discrete changes in *** generated persistent and distinguishable multi-colors from activated bis-naphthopyanes remain *** the versatility of bis-mechanophore design for advanced optical molecular systems and the fundamental insights into the corresponding mechano-reactivity are not ***,we identify a dihydroanthracene bridged bis-naphthopyrans as a multimodal mechanochromophore in *** two pyrans with the sterically constrained dihydroanthracene is helpful to control the steric effect for the favorable formation of a distinctly appreciable bis-merocyanine(bis-MC)*** varying the length of the polymer chains,the force delivered to the mechanophore is modulated,resulting in a gradient change in the relative distribution of two distinctly colored MC products and a multicolor *** activation of this bis-naphthopyanes proceeds via a mechanistically distinct pathway compared to the photochemical *** addition,the bulk films can also achieve pronounced color changes when subjected to mechanical *** study thus further expands the molecular diversity of mechanochromophores and tune the multimodal switch properties of bis-naphthopyrans based polymers.

关键词： Mechanochromic Photochromic Naphthopyan Multicolor Dihydroanthracene

Elaidic acid leads to mitochondrial dysfunction via mitochondria-associated membranes triggers disruption of mitochondrial calcium fluxes

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 287-298页

作者： Hui Liu Xuenan Li Ziyue Wang Lu Li Yucai Li Haiyang Yan yuan yuan College of Food Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130062China

Elaidic acid(EA)stimulation can lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS),accompanied by a large release of Ca^(2+),and ultimately the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in Kupffer cells(KCs).Mitochondrial instability or dysfunction may be the key stimulating factors to activate NLRP3 inflammasome,and sustained Ca^(2+)transfer can result in mitochondrial *** focused on KCs to explore the damage to mitochondria by *** EA stimulation,cells produced an oxidative stress(OS)response with a significant increase in ROS *** experiments and the addition of inhibitors revealed that the increase in the level of intracellular Ca^(2+)led to Ca^(2+)accumulation in the mitochondrial matrix via mitochondria-associated membranes(MAMs).This was accompanied by a significant release of m ROS,loss of MMP and ATP,and a significant increase in mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening,ultimately leading to mitochondrial *** findings confirmed the mechanism that EA induced mitochondrial Ca^(2+)imbalance in KCs via MAM,ultimately leading to mitochondrial ***,EA induced OS and the decrease of MMP and ATP in rat liver,and significant lesions were found in liver *** of the inner mitochondrial cristae and mitochondrial vacuolization occurred,with a marked increase in lipid droplets.

关键词： Elaidic acid(EA) Mitochondria-associated membranes(MAMs) Calcium Endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondria dysfunction

Influence of calendering process on the structural mechanics and heat transfer characteristics of lithium-ion battery electrodes via DEM simulations

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 252-267页

作者： Junpeng Zhang Jingna Sun Huagui Huang Zhenge yuan National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Strip Rolling Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Xingtai Naknor Technology Co. LtdXingtai054000China

Elucidating the intricate correlation between calendering,structure,and performance is crucial to comprehending the relationship between performance parameters and process steps of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Discrete element method(DEM)simulations were adopted in this work to calculate the interparticle force and stress tensor under incremental calendering process conditions,which revealed the effect of the anisotropy of complex contact force network on the anisotropy of heat transfer within porous *** thermal conductivity of electrode was predicted using porosity to characterize the process-structure-performance *** comprehensive influence of contact number and con-tact area between particles and current collector determines the magnitude of interfacial thermal resistance and interfacial heat transfer *** the first time,this work quantitatively analyzed the structural mechanics and heat transfer mechanism during calendering process of porous electrodes,and the results indicate a promising way to optimize and design battery electrode structures.

关键词： Li-ion battery electrode Structural mechanicsAnisotropy Thermal conductivity Discrete element method

Polypore funga and species diversity in tropical forest ecosystems of Africa,America and Asia,and a comparison with temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 391-400页

作者： Heng Zhao Yingda Wu Zhirong Yang Honggao Liu Fang Wu Yucheng Dai yuan yuan State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources School of Ecology and Nature ConservationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Forest and Grassland Fire Risk Prevention Ministry of Emergency ManagementChina Fire and Rescue InstituteBeijing 102202China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia and Fungi Symbiotic Biology Zhaotong UniversityZhaotong 657000China Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Green Planting and Processing of Gastrodia Zhaotong UniversityZhaotong 657000China

Polypores play a cru cial role in energy recycling and forest regeneration in forest *** majority of them are wood degraders;some are forest pathogens and others are ectomycorrhizal *** basidiocarps provide food and shelter for many organisms,mostly invertebrates,but also some vertebrates,as well as food and medicine for *** extensive research on the species diversity and phylogenetic relationships of polypores in recent years,there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding of their distribution patterns and species composition at the large *** of polypores from the tropical zone,including tropical Africa,tropical America,and tropical Asia,were analyzed for species diversity,distribution patterns,major taxa,and nutritional modes.A total of 1,902 polypore species was found in the three regions,representing 8 orders,46families,and 250 genera of *** orders Polyporales(especially the family Polyporaceae)and Hymenochaetales(especially the family Hymenochaetaceae)had the most prolific taxa,with their species accounting for 93.4%of the total polypores *** of 1,565(or 82.3%)of the total 1,902 species were found in only one of the three regions studied,and we treat them temporarily as"regional endemic species".Only 141species were shared among all three regions,accounting for a mere 7.4%.Tropical Africa and tropical America had the greatest number of shared species and the highest S?rensen similarity index(SC)*** forests had a higher species richness compared with temperate to boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere,and in addition,also a higher proportion of white rot polypores compared to brown rot and ectomycorrhizal *** study outlines the distribution patterns and species diversity of polypores in the world,shedding light on their ecological significance in diverse ecosystems.

关键词： Agaricomycetes Macrofungi Species composition Wood-decay fungi

Effect of geometry simplification and boundary condition specification on flow field and aerodynamic noise in the train head and bogie region of high-speed trains

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第9期25卷 716-731页

作者： Jiawei SHI yuan HE Jiye ZHANG Tian LI State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Institute of Sound and Vibration Research Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK

The purpose of this study is to determine a suitable modeling method to make computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation more efficient for aeroacoustics optimization of the bogie region of high-speed *** this end,four modeling methods are considered,which involve different geometry simplifications and boundary condition *** corresponding models are named the three-car marshalling model,computational domain shortening model,carbody shortening model,and sub-domain *** the detached eddy simulation(DES)model and Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings(FW-H)equation,the unsteady flow field and far-field noise of the four models are *** evaluate the effect of the different modeling methods,the time-averaged flow field,fluctuating flow field,and far-field noise results of the four models are compared and analyzed in detail with the results of the three-car marshalling model used as basis for *** results show that the flow field results of the bogie region predicted by the four models have relatively high ***,the usage of the non-time varying outlet boundary conditions in the computational domain shortening model and sub-domain model could affect the pressure fluctuation on the upstream carbody *** only the bogie region is used as the source surface,the differences between the far-field noise results of the three simplified models and the three-car marshalling model are all within 1 dB;when the train head is used as the source surface,the results of the carbody shortening model and the three-car marshalling model are more consistent.

关键词： Bogie region Train head Flow field Aerodynamic noise Geometry simplification Boundary conditions

Numerical simulations for radon migration and exhalation behavior during measuring radon exhalation rate with closed-loop method

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 81-95页

作者： Ming Xia Yong-Jun Ye Shu-yuan Liu School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China

Accurate measurements of the radon exhalation rate help identify and evaluate radon risk regions in the *** these measurement methods,the closed-loop method is frequently ***,traditional experiments are insufficient or cannot analyze the radon migration and exhalation patterns at the gas–solid interface in the accumulation *** CFD-based technique was applied to predict the radon concentration distribution in a limited space,allowing radon accumulation and exhalation inside the chamber intuitively and *** this study,three radon exhalation rates were defined,and two structural ventilation tubes were designed for the *** consistency of the simulated results with the variation in the radon exhalation rate in a previous experiment or analytical solution was *** effects of the vent tube structure and flow rate on the radon uniformity in the chamber;permeability,insertion depth,and flow rate on the radon exhalation rate and the effective diffusion coefficient on back-diffusion were *** on the results,increasing the inser-tion depth from 1 to 5 cm decreased the effective decay constant by 19.55%,whereas the curve-fitted radon exhalation rate decreased(lower than the initial value)as the deviation from the initial value increased by approximately 7%.Increasing the effective diffusion coefficient from 2.77×10^(-7) to 7.77×10^(-6) m^(2) s^(-1) made the deviation expand from 2.14 to 15.96%.The conclusion is that an increased insertion depth helps reduce leakage in the chamber,subject to notable back-diffusion,and that the closed-loop method is reasonably used for porous media with a low effective diffusion coefficient in view of the back-diffusion *** CFD-based simulation is expected to provide guidance for the optimization of the radon exhalation rate measurement method and,thus,the accurate measurement of the radon exhalation rate.

关键词： Radon exhalation Numerical simulation Accumulation chamber