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Hei.ht-di.meter models for Ki.g Bori. fi.(Abi.s bori.i. regi. Mattf.) and Scots pi.e(Pi.us sylvestri. L.) i. Olympus and Pi.ri. Mountai.s, Greece

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Journal of Mountai. Sci.nce 2024年第5期21卷 1475-1490页

作者： Di.i.ri.s i.RAPTi. Di.i.ra PAPADOPOULOU Angeli.i.PSARRA Athanasi.s A.FALLi.S Ari.ti.es G.TSi.SANi. Vassi.i.i.KAZANA Renewable Natural Resource Management and Bi.economy Laboratory Department of Forest and Natural Environment SciencesInternational Hellenic University66100 DramaGreece

i. forest sci.nce and practi.e, the total tree hei.ht i. one of the basi. morphometri. attri.utes at the tree level and i. has been closely li.ked wi.h i.portant stand attri.utes. i. the current research, si.teen nonli.ear functi.ns for hei.ht predi.ti.n were tested i. terms of thei. fi.ti.g abi.i.y agai.st samples of Abi.s bori.i. regi. and Pi.us sylvestri. trees from mountai.ous forests i. central Greece. The fi.ti.g procedure was based on generali.ed nonli.ear wei.hted regressi.n. At the fi.al stage, a fi.e-quanti.e nonli.ear hei.ht-di.meter model was developed for both speci.s through a quanti.e regressi.n approach, to esti.ate the enti.e condi.i.nal di.tri.uti.n of tree hei.ht, enabli.g the evaluati.n of the di.meter i.pact at vari.us quanti.es and provi.i.g a comprehensi.e understandi.g of the proposed relati.nshi. across the di.tri.uti.n. The results clearly showed that employi.g the di.meter as the sole i.dependent vari.ble, the 3-parameter Hossfeld functi.n and the 2-parameter N?slund functi.n managed to explai. approxi.ately 84.0% and 81.7% of the total hei.ht vari.nce i. the case of Ki.g Bori. fi. and Scots pi.e speci.s, respecti.ely. Furthermore, the models exhi.i.ed low levels of error i. both cases(2.310m for the fi. and 3.004m for the pi.e), yi.ldi.g unbi.sed predi.ti.ns for both fi.(-0.002m) and pi.e(-0.004m). Notably, all the requi.ed assumpti.ns for homogenei.y and normali.y of the associ.ted resi.uals were achi.ved through the wei.hti.g procedure, whi.e the quanti.e regressi.n approach provi.ed addi.i.nal i.si.hts i.to the hei.ht-di.meter allometry of the speci.i. speci.s. The proposed models can turn i.to valuable tools for operati.nal forest management planni.g, parti.ularly for wood producti.n and conservati.n of mountai.ous forest ecosystems.

关键词： Generali.ed nonli.ear wei.hted regressi.n Monte Carlo cross-vali.ati.n Mountai.ous ecosystems Quanti.e regressi.n Central Greece

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A Hybri. Classi.i.ati.n and i.enti.i.ati.n of Pneumoni. Usi.g Afri.an Buffalo Opti.i.ati.n and CNN from Chest X-Ray i.ages

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Computer Modeli.g i. Engi.eeri.g & Sci.nces 2024年第3期138卷 2497-2517页

作者： Nasser Alalwan Ahmed i.Taloba Amr Abozei. Ahmed i.rahi. Alzahrani.Ali.H.Al-Bayatti Computer Sci.nce Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia i.formati.n System Department Faculty of Computers and InformationAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt Mathemati.s Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Cyber Technology i.sti.ute(CTi. De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK

An i.lness known as pneumoni. causes i.flammati.n i. the *** there i. so much i.formati.n avai.able fromvari.us X-ray i.ages,di.gnosi.g pneumoni. has typi.ally proven *** i.prove i.age quali.y and speed up the di.gnosi. of pneumoni.,numerous approaches have been *** date,several methods have been employed to i.enti.y *** Convoluti.nal Neural Network(CNN)has achi.ved outstandi.g success i. i.enti.yi.g and di.gnosi.g di.eases i. the fi.lds of medi.i.e and ***,these methods are complex,i.effi.i.nt,and i.preci.e to analyze a bi. number of *** thi. paper,a new hybri. method for the automati. classi.i.ati.n and i.enti.i.ati.n of Pneumoni. from chest X-ray i.ages i. *** proposed method(ABOCNN)uti.i.ed theAfri.an BuffaloOpti.i.ati.n(ABO)algori.hmto enhanceCNNperformance and *** Wei.med fi.ter i. employed for pre-processi.g to eli.i.ate unwanted noi.es from chest X-ray i.ages,followed by feature extracti.n usi.g the Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matri.(GLCM)*** features are then selected from the dataset usi.g the ABO algori.hm,and ulti.ately,hi.h-performance deep learni.g usi.g the CNN approach i. i.troduced for the classi.i.ati.n and i.enti.i.ati.n of *** results on vari.us datasets showed that,when contrasted to other approaches,the ABO-CNN outperforms them all for the classi.i.ati.n *** proposed method exhi.i.s superi.r values li.e 96.95%,88%,86%,and 86%for accuracy,preci.i.n,recall,and F1-score,respecti.ely.

关键词： Afri.an buffalo opti.i.ati.n convoluti.nal neural network pneumoni. X-ray

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世界上最长寿的狗

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疯狂英语（新读写） 2024年第3期 50-50,78页

作者： i.sy ronald 不详

狗的寿命一般在10到15年,然而,世界上最长寿的狗竟然活了31年多。“Bobi. the world's oldest dog ever, has di.d after reachi.g the almost i.concei.able age of 31 years and 165 days,”sai. Gui.ness World *** death at an ani.al hospi.al was i.i.i.lly announced by veteri.ari.n Dr Karen Becker. “There were many secrets to Bobi.s extraordi.ary old age,” hi. owner Leonel Costa sai.. “He always roamed freely and li.ed i. a ‘calm, peaceful' envi.onment,” Costa sai..

关键词： Becker death 长寿

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Exchange Rate or Wage Changes i. i.ternati.nal Adjustment? Japan and Chi.a versus the Uni.ed States

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Chi.a & World Economy 2005年第5期13卷 11-27页

作者： ronald mckinnon Economi.s Department Stanford University Stanford U.S.

Under the world dollar standard, a di.crete appreci.ti.n by a dollar credi.or country of the Uni.ed States, such as Chi.a or Japan, has no predi.table effect on i.s trade surplus. Currency appreci.ti.n by the credi.or country wi.l slow i.s economi. growth and eventually cause deflati.n but cannot compensate for a savi.g-i.vestment i.balance i. the Uni.ed States. Under a fi.ed exchange rate, however, di.ferenti.l adjustment i. the rate of growth of money wages wi.l more accurately reflect i.ternati.nal di.ferences i. producti.i.y growth. i.ternati.nal competi.i.eness wi.l be better balanced between hi.h-growth and low-growth economi.s, as between Japan and the U.S. from 1950 to 1971 and Chi.a and the U.S. from 1994 to 2005, when the peri.heral country＇s dollar exchange rate i. fi.ed so that i.s wage growth better reflects i.s hi.her producti.i.y growth. The quali.i.d case for Chi.a movi.g toward greater flexi.i.i.y i. the form of a very narrow band for the yuan/dollar exchange rate, as a way of decentrali.i.g forei.n exchange transacti.g, i. di.cussed.

关键词： exchange rate dollar standard trade balance Chi.a Japan

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Adverse events related to physi.al restrai.t use i. i.tensi.e care uni.s: A revi.w of the li.erature

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Journal of i.tensi.e Medi.i.e 2024年第3期4卷 318-325页

作者： Sebasti.n Berger Pascale Grzonka Si.on A.Amacher Sabi.a Hunzi.er Anja i.Frei.Raoul Sutter Cli.i. for i.tensi.e Care Department of Acute MedicineUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland Medi.al Communi.ati.n and Psychosomati. Medi.i.e University Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland Medi.al faculty University of BaselBaselSwitzerland Department of Cli.i.al Research University of BaselBaselSwitzerland

Physi.al restrai.ts are wi.ely used and accepted as protecti.e measures duri.g treatment i. i.tensi.e care uni. (i.U). Thi. revi.w of the li.erature summari.es the adverse events and outcomes associ.ted wi.h physi.al restrai.t use, and the ri.k factors associ.ted wi.h thei. use duri.g treatment i. the i.U. The PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were screened usi.g predefi.ed search terms to i.enti.y studi.s pertai.i.g to adverse events and/or outcomes associ.ted wi.h physi.al restrai.t use, and the factors associ.ted wi.h thei. use i. adult pati.nts admi.ted to the i.U. A total of 24 arti.les (i.cludi.g 6126 pati.nts) that were publi.hed between 2006 and 2022 were i.enti.i.d. The descri.ed adverse events associ.ted wi.h physi.al restrai.t use i.cluded ski. i.juri.s, subsequent deli.i.m, neurofuncti.nal i.pai.ment, and a hi.her rate of post-traumati. stress di.order. Subsequent deli.i.m was the most frequent adverse event to be reported. No alternati.e measures to physi.al restrai.ts were di.cussed, and only one study reported a standardi.ed protocol for thei. use. Although physi.al restrai.t use has been reported to be associ.ted wi.h adverse events (i.cludi.g neurofuncti.nal i.pai.ment) i. the li.erature, the avai.able evi.ence i. li.i.ed. Although causali.y cannot be confi.med, a defi.i.e associ.ti.n appears to exi.t. Our fi.di.gs suggest that i. i. essenti.l to i.prove awareness regardi.g thei. adverse i.pact and opti.i.e approaches for thei. detecti.n, management, and preventi.n usi.g protocols or checkli.ts.

关键词： Physi.al restrai.t i.tensi.e care uni. Deli.i.m Compli.ati.n Adverse event

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Hot Money Flows, Cycles i. Pri.ary Commodi.y Pri.es, and Fi.anci.l Control i. Developi.g Countri.s

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Fronti.rs of Economi.s i. Chi.a-Selected Publi.ati.ns from Chi.ese Uni.ersi.i.s 2015年第2期10卷 201-223页

作者： ronald mckinnon Department of Economi.s Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-6072 USA

Because the U.S. Federal Reserve＇s monetary poli.y i. at the center of the world dollar standard, i. has a fi.st-order i.pact on global fi.anci.l stabi.i.y. However, except duri.g i.ternati.nal cri.es, the Fed focuses on domesti. Ameri.an economi. i.di.ators and generally i.nores collateral damage from i.s monetary poli.i.s on the rest of the world. Currently, ultra-low i.terest rates on short-term dollar assets i.ni.e waves of hot money i.to Emergi.g Markets （EM） wi.h converti.le currenci.s. When each EM central bank i.tervenes to prevent i.s i.di.i.ual currency from appreci.ti.g, collecti.ely they lose monetary control, i.flate, and cause an upsurge i. pri.ary commodi.y pri.es i.ternati.nally. These bubbles burst when some acci.ent at the center, such as a banki.g cri.i., causes a return of the hot money to the Uni.ed States （and to other i.dustri.l countri.s） as commerci.l banks stop lendi.g to forei.n exchange speculators. World pri.es of pri.ary products then collapse. Afri.an countri.s wi.h exchange controls and less converti.le currenci.s are not so attracti.e to currency speculators. Thus, they are less vulnerable than EM to the ebb and flow of hot money. However, Afi.i.an countri.s are more vulnerable to cycles i. pri.ary commodi.y pri.es because food i. a greater proporti.n of thei. consumpti.n, and--bei.g less i.dustri.li.ed--they are of thei. commodi.y exports. Supply-si.e more vulnerable to fluctuati.ns i. pri.es shocks, such as a crop fai.ure anywhere i. the world, can affect the pri.e of an i.di.i.ual commodi.y. But joi.t fluctuati.ns i. the pri.es of all pri.ary products--mi.erals, energy, cereals, and so on--reflect monetary condi.i.ns i. the world economy as determi.ed by the ebb and flow of hot money from the Uni.ed States, and i.creasi.gly from other i.dustri.l countri.s wi.h near-zero i.terest rates.

关键词： dollar standard exchange rates hot money flows emergi.g markets,commodi.y pri.e cycles

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Fati.ue and Corrosi.n Fati.ue Properti.s of Mg-Zn-Zr-Nd Alloys i. Glucose-Contai.i.g Si.ulated Body Flui.s

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Acta Metallurgi.a Si.i.a(Engli.h Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1533-1550页

作者： Xue Han Dan Zhang Song Zhang Mohammed R.i.Abuei.a Li.i.Tan Xi.openg Lu Qi.ng Wang Huanye Li. School of Materi.ls Sci.nce and Engi.eeri.g Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang110870China School and Hospi.al of Stomatology China Medical UniversityShenyang110001China Shi.Changxu i.novati.n Center for Advanced Materi.ls Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Shenyang Nati.nal Laboratory for Materi.ls Sci.nce Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

Medi.al bone i.plant magnesi.m(Mg)alloys are subjected to both corrosi.e envi.onments and complex loads i. the human *** i.creasi.g number of hyperglycemi. and di.beti. pati.nts i. recent years has brought new challenges to the fati.ue performance of Mg ***,i. i. si.ni.i.ant to study the corrosi.n fati.ue(CF)behavi.r of medi.al Mg alloys i. glucose-contai.i.g si.ulated body flui.s for thei. cli.i.al ***,the corrosi.n and fati.ue properti.s of extruded Mg-Zn-Zr-Nd alloy i. Hank’s balanced salt soluti.n(HBSS)contai.i.g di.ferent concentrati.ns(1 g/L and 3 g/L)of glucose were *** average grai. si.e of the alloy i. about 5μm,whi.h provi.es excellent overall mechani.al *** condi.i.nal fati.ue strength of the alloy was 127 MPa i. ai. and 88 MPa and 70 MPa i. HBSS contai.i.g 1 g/L glucose and 3 g/L glucose,*** crack i.i.i.ti.n poi.ts for alloys i. ai. are oxi.e i.clusi.ns and i. soluti.n are corrosi.n *** corrosi.n rate of the alloy i. hi.h at the begi.ni.g,and decreases as the surface corrosi.n product layer thi.kens wi.h the i.crease of i.mersi.n *** corrosi.n products of the alloy are mai.ly Mg(OH)_(2),MgO and a small amount of Ca-P *** electrochemi.al results i.di.ated that the corrosi.n rate of the alloys gradually decreased wi.h i.creasi.g i.mersi.n ti.e,but the corrosi.n tendency of the alloy was greater i. HBSS contai.i.g 3 g/L *** the one hand,glucose accelerates the corrosi.n process by adsorbi.g large amounts of aggressi.e Cl^(-)*** the other hand,glucose wi.l be oxi.i.ed to form gluconi. aci.,and then reacts wi.h Mg(OH)_(2) and MgO to form Mg gluconate,whi.h destroys the corrosi.n product fi.m and leads to the aggravati.n of corrosi.n and the accumulati.n of fati.ue damage.

关键词： Mg alloys Corrosi.n fati.ue Glucose Gluconi. aci. Corrosi.n product

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Exact soluti.ns for magnetohydrodynami. nanoflui.s flow and heat transfer over a permeable axi.ymmetri. radi.lly stretchi.g/shri.ki.g sheet

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Chi.ese Physi.s B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： U.S.Mahabaleshwar G.P.Vani.ha L.M.Pérez Emad H.Aly i.Pop Department of Studi.s i. Mathemati.s Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Departamento de F´ısi.a FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Department of Mathemati.s Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Department of Mathemati.s Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynami. i.pact on the axi.ymmetri. flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparti.les suspended i. H_(2)O past a stretched/shri.ked *** the use of parti.l di.ferenti.l equati.ns and the correspondi.g thermophysi.al characteri.ti.s of nanoparti.les,the physi.al flow process i. *** resultant nonli.ear system of parti.l di.ferenti.l equati.ns i. converted i.to a system of ordi.ary di.ferenti.l equati.ns usi.g the sui.able si.i.ari.y *** transformed di.ferenti.l equati.ns are solved *** of the magneti. parameter,soli. volume fracti.n and stretchi.g/shri.ki.g parameter on momentum and temperature di.tri.uti.n have been analyzed and i.terpreted *** ski. fri.ti.n and Nusselt number were also *** addi.i.n,exi.tence of dual soluti.n was deduced for the shri.ki.g sheet and uni.ue soluti.n for the stretchi.g ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanoflui. flow has better thermal conducti.i.y on compari.g wi.h Cu/H_(2)O ***,i. was found that the fi.st soluti.ns of the stream are stable and physi.ally reali.able,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetohydrodynami. nanoflui. stretchi.g/shri.ki.g sheet axi.ymmetri. flow analyti.al soluti.n sucti.n/i.jecti.n

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Dependence of thermodynami. quanti.i.s at freeze-out on pseudorapi.i.y and colli.i.n energy i. p-p colli.i.ns at LHC energi.s

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Chi.ese Physi.s C 2024年第10期48卷 235-246页

作者： Murad Badshah Yahi. A.H.Obai.at Hai.a i.Alrebdi.M.Waqas Muhammad Ajaz Refka Ghodhbani Department of Physi.s Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Physi.s College of ScienceUniversity of BishaBisha 61922Saudi Arabia Department of Physi.s College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia School of Mathemati.s Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringHubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002China Department of Computer Sci.nces Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyNorthern Border UniversityRafhaSaudi Arabia

The transverse momentum di.tri.uti.ns of charged hadrons produced i. proton-proton colli.i.ns at center-of-mass energi.s(√s)of 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV,as measured by the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Colli.er(LHC),have been analyzed wi.hi. vari.us pseudorapi.i.y classes uti.i.i.g the thermodynami.ally consi.tent Tsalli. *** fi.ti.g procedure resulted i. the key parameters,namely,effecti.e temperature(T),non-extensi.i.y parameter(q),and ki.eti. freezeout volume(V).Addi.i.nally,the mean transverse momentum()and i.i.i.l temperature(T_(i.)of the parti.le source are determi.ed through the fi. functi.n and stri.g percolati.n method,*** alternati.e method i. employed to calculate the ki.eti. freezeout temperature(T_(0))and transverse flow veloci.y(β_(T))from ***,thermodynami. quanti.i.s at the freezeout,i.cludi.g energy densi.y(ε),parti.le densi.y(n),entropy densi.y(s),pressure(P),and squared speed of sound(C_(s)^(2)),are computed usi.g the extracted T and *** i. also observed that,wi.h a decrease i. pseudorapi.i.y,all thermodynami. quanti.i.s except V and q *** trend i. attri.uted to greater energy transfer along the mi. pseudorapi.i.y.q i.creases towards hi.her values of pseudorapi.i.y,i.di.ati.g that parti.les close to the beam axi. are far from ***,V remai.s nearly i.dependent of *** exci.ati.n functi.n of these parameters(q)shows a di.ect(i.verse)correlati.n wi.h colli.i.n *** ε,n,s,and P show a strong dependence on colli.i.n energi.s at low *** veri.i.ati.n of the thermodynami. i.equali.y ε≥3P suggests the formati.n of a hi.hly dense droplet-li.e Quark-Gluon Plasma(QGP).Addi.i.nally,the i.equali.y T_(i.>T>T_(0)i. expli.i.ly confi.med,ali.ni.g wi.h the evoluti.n of the produced fi.eball.

关键词： charged hadrons tsalli. stati.ti.s effecti.e temperature non-extensi.i.y parameter pseudorapi.i.y ki.eti. freeze-out stage multi.le freeze-out scenari. QGP QCD matter squared speed of sound

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Appli.ati.ns of Soft Computi.g Methods i. Backbreak Assessment i. Surface Mi.es: A Comprehensi.e Revi.w

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Computer Modeli.g i. Engi.eeri.g & Sci.nces 2024年第9期140卷 2207-2238页

作者： Mojtaba Yari.Manoj Khandelwal Payam Abbasi.Evangelos i.Koutras Dani.l Jahed Armaghani.Panagi.ti. G.Asteri. Department of Mi.i.g Engi.eeri.g Faculty of EngineeringMalayer UniversityMalayer***Iran i.sti.ute of i.novati.n Science and SustainabilityFederation University AustraliaBallaratVIC 3350Australia Marane Oli. Ornamental Stone Mi.e Sanandaj***Iran Computati.nal Mechani.s Laboratory School of Pedagogical and Technological EducationAthens15122Greece School of Ci.i. and Envi.onmental Engi.eeri.g University of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia

Geo-engi.eeri.g problems are known for thei. complexi.y and hi.h uncertai.ty levels,requi.i.g preci.e defi.i.ti.ns,past experi.nces,logi.al reasoni.g,mathemati.al analysi.,and practi.al i.si.ht to address them *** Computi.g(SC)methods have gai.ed populari.y i. engi.eeri.g di.ci.li.es such as mi.i.g and ci.i. engi.eeri.g due to computer hardware and machi.e learni.g *** tradi.i.nal hard computi.g approaches,SC models use soft values and fuzzy sets to navi.ate uncertai. *** study focuses on the appli.ati.n of SC methods to predi.t backbreak,a common i.sue i. blasti.g operati.ns wi.hi. mi.i.g and ci.i. ***,whi.h refers to the uni.tended fracturi.g of rock beyond the desi.ed blast peri.eter,can si.ni.i.antly i.pact project ti.eli.es and *** study ai.s to explore how SC methods can be effecti.ely employed to anti.i.ate and mi.i.ate the undesi.able consequences of blasti.g operati.ns,speci.i.ally focusi.g on backbreak *** research explores the complexi.i.s of backbreak predi.ti.n and hi.hli.hts the potenti.l benefi.s of uti.i.i.g SC methods to address thi. challengi.g i.sue i. geo-engi.eeri.g projects.

关键词： Backbreak blasti.g soft computi.g methods predi.ti.n theory-gui.ed machi.e learni.g

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