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Do assortative mating and immigrant inviability help maintain population genetic structuring of an herbivore on a crop and a wild relative?

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Insect Science 2019年第2期26卷 283-296页

作者： Ricardo Ramirez-Romero delia Garibay-Benitez Ofelia Vargas-Ponce Andrea Joyce Julio S. Bernal Departamento de Produccion Agricola CUCBA Universidad de Guadalajara Zapopan Jalisco Mexico Departamento de Botanica y Zoologia CUCBA Universidad de Guadalajara Zapopan Jalisco Mexico Sierra Nevada Research Institute University of California Merced California USA Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station. Texas USA

Population genetic structuring is common among herbivorous insects and frequently is associated with divergent host plants, such as crops and their wild relatives. Previous studies showed population genetic structuring in corn leafhopper Dulbulus maidis in Mexico, such that the species consists of two sympatric, host plant-associated populations: an abundant and widespread "pestiferous” population on maize (Zea mays mays), and a small and localized "wild" population on perennial teosinte (Zea diploperennis). a maize wild relative with a limited distribution. This study addressed whether assortative mating and immigrant inviability mediate genetic structuring of corn leafliopper by comparing the mating and reproductive successes of pestiferous and wild females that colonize their nonassociated host plants against the successes of females colonizing their associated host plants. Assortative mating was assessed by comparing mating frequencies and premating and mating times among females of each population on each host plant: immigrant inviability was assessed by comparing, across two generations, the fecundity, survival, development time, sex ratio, and population growth rate among leafhopper populations and host plants. Our results showed that on maize, and compared to resident, pestiferous females, wild females were more likely to mate, and greater proportions of their offspring survived to adult stage and were daughters;consequently, the per-generation population growth rate on maize was greater for immigrant, wild leafhoppers compared to resident, pestiferous leafhoppers. Our results suggested that wild leafhoppers emigrating to maize have a fitness advantage over resident, pestiferous leafhoppers, while immigrant pestiferous and resident wild leafhoppers on teosinte have similar fitnesses.

关键词： crop domestication Dalbulus maidis ecological speciation host associated differentiation Zea diploperennis Zea mays mays

Role of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand axis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第19期24卷 2073-2082页

作者： Lucia Pacifico Gian Marco Andreoli Miriam D'Avanzo delia De Mitri Pasquale Pierimarchi Policlinico Umberto I Hospital Sapienza University of Rome Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council

Concomitantly with the increase in the prevalences of overweight/obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has worldwide become the main cause of chronic liver disease in both adults and children. Patients with fatty liver display features of metabolic syndrome(Met S), like insulin resistance(IR), glucose intolerance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recently, epidemiological studies have linked obesity, Met S, and NAFLD to decreased bone mineral density and osteoporosis, highlighting an intricate interplay among bone, adipose tissue, and liver. Osteoprotegerin(OPG), an important symbol of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/OPG system activation, typically considered for its role in bone metabolism, may also play critical roles in the initiation and perpetuation of obesityrelated comorbidities. Clinical data have indicated that OPG concentrations are associated with hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and severity of liver damage in chronic hepatitis C. Nonetheless, the relationship between circulating OPG and IR as a key feature of Met S as well as between OPG and NAFLD remains uncertain. Thus, the aims of the present review are to provide the existent knowledge on these associations and to discuss briefly the underlying mechanisms linking OPG and NAFLD.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Insulin resistance Metabolic syndrome Osteoprotegerin Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand

Analysis of normal human retinal vascular network architecture using multifractal geometry

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第3期10卷 434-438页

作者： Stefan Talu Sebastian Stach Dan Mihai Calugaru Carmen Alina Lupascu Simona delia Nicoara Discipline of Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics Department of AETFaculty of Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of Cluj-Napoca103-105 B-dul Muncii St.Cluj-Napoca 400641ClujRomania Department of Biomedical Computer Systems Institute of InformaticsFaculty of Computer Science and Materials ScienceUniversity of SilesiaBedzifiska 3941-205 SosnowiecPoland Discipline of Ophthalmology Department of Surgical Speci-alties and Medical ImagingFaculty of Medicine'Iuliu Halie-ganu'University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca8 Victor Babes St.Cluj-Napoca 400012ClujRomania Department of Mathematics and Informatics University of PalermoVia Archirafi 34Palermo 90123Italy

AIM：To apply the multifractal analysis method as a quantitative approach to a comprehensive description of the microvascular network architecture of the normal human ***：Fifty volunteers were enrolled in this study in the Ophthalmological Clinic of Cluj-Napoca,romania,between January 2012 and January 2014. A set of 100 segmented and skeletonised human retinal images,corresponding to normal states of the retina were studied. An automatic unsupervised method for retinal vessel segmentation was applied before multifractal analysis. The multifractal analysis of digital retinal images was made with computer algorithms,applying the standard boxcounting method. Statistical analyses were performed using the Graph Pad In Stat ***：The architecture of normal human retinal microvascular network was able to be described using the multifractal geometry. The average of generalized dimensions（D_q）for q=0,1,2,the width of the multifractal spectrum（Δα=α_（max）-α_（min））and the spectrum arms＇ heights difference（│Δf│）of the normal images were expressed as mean±standard deviation（SD）：for segmented versions,D_0=1.7014±0.0057; D_1=1.6507±0.0058; D_2=1.5772±0.0059; Δα=0.92441±0.0085; │Δf│= 0.1453±0.0051; for skeletonised versions,D_0=1.6303±0.0051; D_1=1.6012±0.0059; D_2=1.5531± 0.0058; Δα=0.65032±0.0162; │Δf│= 0.0238±0.0161. The average of generalized dimensions（D_q）for q=0,1,2,the width of the multifractal spectrum（Δα）and the spectrum arms＇ heights difference（│Δf│）of the segmented versions was slightly greater than the skeletonised ***：The multifractal analysis of fundus photographs may be used as a quantitative parameter for the evaluation of the complex three-dimensional structure of the retinal microvasculature as a potential marker for early detection of topological changes associated with retinal diseases.

关键词： generalized dimensions multifractal retinal vessel segmentation retinal image analysis retinal microvasculature standard box-counting method

与供应商在社会责任方面合作对食品供应链绩效的影响

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与供应商在社会责任方面合作对食品供应链绩效的影响

作者：任小琳（alma delia Sánchez Ramírez）清华大学

学位级别：硕士

供应商在保证食品质量、安全可靠和可追踪来源的原料中发挥着关键的作用。然而,由于自然资源缺乏且受到污染,以及气候变化和公众对此产业关注的施压,供应商的职责已延伸至环境与社会问题方面。本文研究的目的在于,通过探索世界上最大的... 详细信息

供应商在保证食品质量、安全可靠和可追踪来源的原料中发挥着关键的作用。然而,由于自然资源缺乏且受到污染,以及气候变化和公众对此产业关注的施压,供应商的职责已延伸至环境与社会问题方面。本文研究的目的在于,通过探索世界上最大的公共食品加工公司的实践,分析供应商在食品供应链中受到环境保护合作和社会协作的影响。为了评价供应商协作的作用,本文研究分析了2012-2014年间64篇关于食品加工公司的可持续发展报告以及78篇关于食品供应链表现的报道。在收集所有数据后,使用最小二乘法(OLS)估计方法来进行假设检验。主要研究成果表明,环保实践以及供应商间的合作能够帮助减少食品产业中的资金周转周期并增加毛利润。另外,为评估供应商的环保与社会协作实践而进行的审计和控制活动有助于提高食品产业链的经营效绩。尽管此文章受限于公司发表信息的有效性,但它能够填补研究领域中供应商在环保和社会责任协作方面的空缺。这对食品供应链中的管理者们有重大指导意义。

关键词：食品产业供应商协作环境保护合作社会协作供应链的性能表现

Short-Term Intra Ocular Pressure Using Intravitreal Bevacizumab

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第12期4卷 692-696页

作者： Yolanda Chaivez-Romero Alba delia Campana-Salcido Efrain Romo-Garcia Jose AlfredoContreras-gutierrez Anthon Avarez-Arredondo Ophthalmology Department Civil Hospital of Culiacam (HCC) Culiacan 80030 Mexico Center of Research and Teaching in Health Sciences (CIDOCS) Culiacan 80030 Mexico Faculty of Medicine Autonomous University of Sinaloa Culiacan 80019 Mexico Academic Group UAS CA-285 Culiacan 80030 Mexico High Specialty in Retina and Vitreous Civil Hospital of Culiacan (HCC) Culiacan 80030 Mexico

At Ophthalmology Department of Civil Hospital of Culiacan, we investigated the inmediate effect of intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab on the IOP （intra ocular pressure） 30 min before and 24 h was measured after application of 0.1 mL of Bevacizumab （Avastin） to 67 patients under sterile technique in operating room, with topical anesthetic tetracaine at 3.5 mm from the sclerocomeal junction. Pre-application average IOP was 13.5 ± 2.6 mmHg, and post-implementation IOP was 13.8 ± 2.6 mmHg. Diagnostics： PDR ＋ MESC （proliferative diabetic retinopathy with macular edema significant clinically） in 26 patients （38.8%）, NPDRSC （nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy significant clinical） in 14 patients （20.9%）, wet AMD （age related macular degeneration） in 14 patients （20.9%）, OCRV （occlusion central retinal vein） in 3 patients （4.5%）, OBRV （occlusion of branch retinal vein） in 3 patients （4.5%）, SCChR （serous central chorioretinopathy） in 2 patients （4.5%）, ChNnoA-R （choroidal neovasculaxization no age related） in 2 patients （3%）, CME （cystoid macular edema） in 2 patients （3%）.

关键词： Bevacizumab intra ocular pressure anti-VEGF PDR macular edema.

Ecohealth research in Southeast Asia: past, present and the way forward

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 36-48页

作者： Hung Nguyen-Viet Siobhan Doria Dinh Xuan Tung Hein Mallee Bruce A Wilcox delia Grace International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) 17A Nguyen Khang StreetTrung Hoa WardCau Giay DistrictHanoiVietnam Centre for Public Health and Ecosystem Research(CENPHER) Hanoi School of Public Health(HSPH)138 Giang Vo StreetHanoiVietnam Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute(Swiss TPH) Socinstrasse 57Basel CH-4002Switzerland University of Basel Basel 4001Switzerland National Institute and Animal Sciences HanoiVietnam Research Institute for Humanity and Nature(RIHN) KyotoJapan Integrative Education and Research Programme Faculty of Public HealthMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Health Cummings School of Veterinary MedicineTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMA 01536USA International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) NairobiKenya

Ecohealth is a comprehensive approach to understanding health at its human,animal and environmental interface in a socio-ecological systems *** approach was introduced widely in Southeast Asia(SEA)by the Canadian International Development Research Centre(IDRC)in the late *** at addressing the problem of emerging infectious diseases(EIDs),numerous such projects and activities have been generated throughout the *** is increasingly converging with the One Health approach,as both movements emphasise a holistic understanding to *** conducted a scoping review by considering all of the Ecohealth programmes,initiatives and projects that have been implemented in SEA since the introduction of the approach,and also gathered information from peer-reviewed *** objective of this paper is to review Ecohealth activities within SEA over the last 10 years to address the lessons learned,challenges faced and the way forward for Ecohealth in the *** range from those focusing purely on capacity,projects focusing on research and projects covering *** to date include,for example,research contributing to the field of infectious diseases in relation to social ecological factors and associated urbanisation and agricultural *** remain at the project design and implementation level,in the available capacity and coordination to develop Ecohealth research teams in the countries,gauging teams’assimilation of Ecohealth’s underlying tenets and their translation into sustainable disease prevention and control,as well as in the ability to scale up Ecohealth *** suggest that the way forward for Ecohealth should be from a regional perspective in terms of research,training and policy translation using Ecohealth in combination with the One Health approach.

关键词： Ecohealth One health Southeast Asia Interdisciplinary Transdisciplinary Scientific partnership Capacity building Network Ecohealth content

Characterization and catalytic activity of soft-templated Ni0-CeO_(2) mixed oxides for CO and CO_(2) co-methanation

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021年第2期15卷 251-268页

作者： Luciano Atzori Maria Giorgia Cutrufello Daniela Meloni Barbara Onida delia Gazzoli Andrea Ardu Roberto Monaci Maria Franca Sini Elisabetta Rombi Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences University of Cagliari09042 Monserrato(CA)Italy Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering CR-INSTM for Materials with Controlled PorosityPolytechnic of Turin10129 TurinItaly Department of Chemistry University of Rome“La Sapienza”00185 RomeItaly

Nanosized NiO,CeO_(2) and NiO-CeO_(2) mixed oxides with different Ni/Ce molar ratios were prepared by the soft template *** the samples were characterized by different techniques as to their chemical composition,structure,morphology and *** the catalysts submitted to the same reduction pretreatment adopted for the activity tests the surface basic properties and specific metal surface area were also *** and CeO_(2) nanocrystals of about 4 nm in size were obtained,regardless of the Ni/Ce molar *** Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results proved the formation of defective sites at the NiO-CeO_(2) interface,where Ni species are in strong interaction with the *** microcalorimetric and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the reduced samples highlighted that,unlike metallic nickel,CeO_(2) is able to effectively adsorb CO_(2),forming carbonates and hydrogen *** reduction in H2 at 400°C for 1 h,the catalytic performance was studied in the CO and CO_(2) co-methanation *** tests were performed at atmospheric pressure and 300°C,using CO/CO_(2)/H_(2) molar compositions of 1/1/7 or 1/1/5,and space velocities equal to 72000 or 450000 cm^(3)∙h^(-1)∙gcat^(-1).Whereas CO was almost completely hydrogenated in any investigated experimental conditions,CO_(2) conversion was strongly affected by both the CO/CO_(2)/H_(2) ratio and the space *** faster and definitely preferred CO hydrogenation was explained in the light of the different mechanisms of CO and CO_(2) *** a selected sample,the influence of the reaction temperature and of a higher number of space velocity values,as well as the stability,were also *** that the Ni content is optimized,the NiCe system investigated was very promising,being highly active for the CO_(x) co-methanation reaction in a wide range of operating conditions and stable(up to 50 h)also when submitted to thermal stress.

关键词： soft template method Ni0-CeO_(2)catalystss CO and CO_(2)co-mtharation synthetic natural gas production

CHK2 kinase in the DNA damage response and beyond

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2014年第6期8卷 442-457页

作者： Laura Zannini Domenico delia Giacomo Buscemi Department of Experimental Oncology Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Via Amadeo 42 20133 Milan Italy

The serine/threonine kinase CHK2 is a keycomponent of the DNA damage response. In human cells, following genotoxic stress, CHK2 is activated and phosphorylates 〉20 proteins to induce the appropriate cellular response, which, depending on the extent of damage, the cell type, and other factors, could be cell cycle checkpoint activation, induction of apoptosis or senescence, DNA repair, or tolerance of the damage. Recently, CHK2 has also been found to have cellular functions independent of the presence of nuclear DNA lesions. In par- ticular, CHK2 participates in several molecular processes involved in DNA structure modification and cell cycle progression. In this review, we discuss the activity of CHK2 in response to DNA damage and in the maintenance of the biological functions in unstressed cells. These activities are also considered in relation to a possible role of CHK2 in tumorigenesis and, as a consequence, as a target of cancer therapy.

关键词： DNA damage checkpoints apoptosis genomic stability

War and Peace in Ukraine.A Legal-Linguistic Perspective

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Sociology Study 2023年第3期13卷 141-148页

作者： delia Denis Stănescu Independent Scholar Romania

The current research overlaps a linguistic and a legal analysis of public international law in the Ukrainian *** on both official documents and public declarations,it explains the grounds for the wide range of understandings that the two common concepts-peace and war-may be bearing depending of the angle of looking at the matter and depending on the actor invoking *** study develops the reasons likely to have been considered by President Putin when insisting to refer to the Russian military action started in Ukraine in February 2022 as“special military operation”instead of“war”and the cardinal difference in terms of legal impact for such a linguistic *** also builds on the elements which could serve as a basis for achieving a deal in obtaining peace in Ukraine,while tackling on the possible geopolitical,public communication and diplomatic hurdles,and offering clues for strategic analysis of the matter.

关键词： war peace special military operation Ukraine United Nations Security Council