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Two-photon lithography for 3D magnetic nanostructure fabrication

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Nano Research 2018年第2期11卷 845-854页

作者： Gwilym Williams Matthew Hunt Benedikt Boehm Andrew May Michael Taverne Daniel Ho Sean Giblin Dan Read John Rarity rolf Allenspach Sam Ladak School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University Cardiff UK IBM Research - Zurich Rüschlikon Switzerland Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Bristol Bristol UK

Ferromagnetic materials have been utilized as recording media in data storage devices for many decades. The confinement of a material to a two-dimensional plane is a significant bottleneck in achieving ultra-high recording densities, and this has led to the proposition of three-dimensional （3D） racetrack memories that utilize domain wall propagation along the nanowires. However, the fabrication of 3D magnetic nanostructures of complex geometries is highly challenging and is not easily achieved with standard lithography techniques. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to construct 3D magnetic nanostructures of complex geometries using a combination of two-photon lithography and electrochemical deposition. The magnetic properties are found to be intimately related to the 3D geometry of the structure, and magnetic imaging experiments provide evidence of domain wall pinning at the 3D nanostructured junction.

关键词： magnetism spintronics nanomagnefism three-dimensional (3D)lithography

Drug and herb induced liver injury: Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences scale for causality assessment

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第1期6卷 17-32页

作者： rolf Teschke Albrecht Wolff Christian Frenzel Alexander Schwarzenboeck Johannes Schulze Axel Eickhoff Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ Klinikum Hanau Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical Faculty of the Goethe University of Frankfurt/Main Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Friedrich Schiller University Jena Department of Medicine Ⅰ University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf Institute of Industrial Environmental and Social Medicine Medical Faculty Goethe University

Causality assessment of suspected drug induced liver injury(DILI) and herb induced liver injury(HILI) is hampered by the lack of a standardized approach to be used by attending physicians and at various subsequent evaluating levels. The aim of this review was to analyze the suitability of the liver specific Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences(CIOMS) scale as a standard tool for causality assessment in DILI and HILI cases. PubMed database was searched for the following terms: drug induced liver injury; herb induced liver injury; DILI causality assessment; and HILI causality assessment. The strength of the CIOMS lies in its potential as a standardized scale for DILI and HILI causality assessment. Other advantages include its liver specificity and its validation for hepatotoxicity with excellent sensitivity, specificity and predictive validity, based on cases with a positive reexposure test. This scale allows prospective collection of all relevant data required for a valid causality assessment. It does not require expert knowledge in hepatotoxicity and its results may subsequently be refined. Weaknesses of the CIOMS scale include the limited exclusion of alternative causes and qualitatively graded risk factors. In conclusion, CIOMS appears to be suitable as a standard scale for attending physicians, regulatory agencies, expert panels and other scientists to provide a standardized, reproducible causality assessment in suspected DILI and HILI cases, applicable primarily at all assessing levels involved. 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All

关键词： Drug induced liver injury Drug hepatotox-icity Herb induced liver injury Herbal hepatotoxicity Causality assessment

Herbal Traditional Chinese Medicine and suspected liver injury: A prospective study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第29期9卷 1141-1157页

作者： Dieter Melchart Stefan Hager Sabine Albrecht Jingzhang Dai Wolfgang Weidenhammer rolf Teschke Institute for Complementary and Integrative Medicine University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich Competence Centre for Complementary Medicine and Naturopathy (Co Co Nat) University Hospital Munich rechts der Isar Technical University of Munich Hospital for Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Klinikum Hanau Teaching Hospital of the Medical Faculty of the Goethe University

AIM To analyze liver tests before and following treatment with herbal Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) in order to evaluate the frequency of newly detected liver *** Patients with normal values of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) as a diagnostic marker for ruling out pre-existing liver disease were enrolled in a prospective study of a safety program carried out at the First German Hospital of TCM from 1994 to 2015. All patients received herbal products, and their ALT values were reassessed 1-3 d prior to discharge. To verify or exclude causality for suspected TCM herbs, the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method(RUCAM) was *** This report presents for the first time liver injury data derived from a prospective, hospital-based and largescale study of 21470 patients who had no liver disease prior to treatment with herbal TCM. Among these, ALT ranged from 1 × to < 5 × upper limit normal(ULN) in 844 patients(3.93%) and suggested mild or moderate liver adaptive abnormalities. However, 26 patients(0.12%) experienced higher ALT values of ≥ 5 × ULN(300.0 ± 172.9 U/L, mean ± SD). Causality for TCM herbs was RUCAM-based probable in 8/26 patients, possible in 16/26, and excluded in 2/26 cases. Bupleuri radix and Scutellariae radix were the two TCM herbs most commonly implicated. CONCLUSION In 26(0.12%) of 21470 patients treated with herbal TCM, liver injury with ALT values of ≥ 5 × ULN was found, which normalized shortly following treatment cessation, also substantiating causality.

关键词： Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal medicine Liver injury Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method Herb induced liver injury

Activins and activin antagonists in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第11期14卷 1699-1709页

作者： Alev Deli Emanuel Kreidl Stefan Santifaller Barbara Trotter Katja Seir Walter Berger rolf Schulte-Hermann Chantal Rodgarkia-Dara Michael Grusch Institute of Cancer Research Department of Medicine IMedical University of Vienna Borschkegasse 8aVienna A-1090Austria

In many parts of the world hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)is among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality but the underlying molecular pathology is still insufficiently *** is increasing evidence that activins,which are members of the transforming growth factorβ(TGFβ)superfamily of growth and differentiation factors,could play important roles in liver *** are disulphide-linked homo- or heterodimers formed from four differentβsubunits termedβA,βB,βC,andβE,*** A, the dimer of twoβA subunits,is critically involved in the regulation of cell growth,apoptosis,and tissue architecture in the liver,while the hepatic function of other activins is largely unexplored so *** regulators of activin signals include antagonists in the extracellular space like the binding proteins follistatin and FLRG,and at the cell membrane antagonistic coreceptors like Cripto or ***,in the intracellular space inhibitory Smads can modulate and control activin *** data suggest that deregulation of activin signals contributes to pathologic conditions such as chronic inflammation,fibrosis and development of *** current article reviews the alterations in components of the activin signaling pathway that have been observed in HCC and discusses their potential significance for liver tumorigenesis.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Activin Follistatin Transforming growth factor β

Genotype frequency of gelatinase B C-1562 T polymorphism in coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2004年第2期1卷 114-118页

作者： Dieter Niederacher Roger Marx Thomas Scheffold rolf Michael Klein Molecular Genetics Laboratory of the Gynecology Division Henrich-Heine University DuesseldorfGermany Heart Center Wuppertal University of Witten-HerdeckeWuppertalGermany

Background One of the characteristics of atherosclerosis is a change in the content of extracellular matrix in the arterial wall. Gelatinase B, a member of the family of matrix metalloproteinase, can regulate extracellular matrix metabolismand play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI). Gelatinase B is polymorphic due to a C to T change at the position -1562 bp in the promoter *** relationship with gene product concentration in serum and its role in mediating the risk of CHD and MI in Germans is still unknown. Methods We enrolled 102 controls and 322 patients with angiographically documented CHD,including a sub-group of 173 patients with acute or chronic MI and 80 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).All patients and controls were Germans and genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and digestion with SphI. Results We found that several classical risk factors for CHD and MI, including hypercholesterolemia and cigarette smoking,were significantly increased in CHD and MI patients compared with controls. Serum levels of gelatinase B and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were increased in the peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome. No significant differences in genotype or allelic frequencies between CHD, MI and control subjects of either men or women were found. Our search for a possible association of the polymorphisms with CHD and MI by logistic regression analysis was also negative. The serum concentrations of gelatinase B showed no differences between genotypes. Conclusions Our data showed that gelatinase B might provide an index of plaque activity in ACS, but gelatinase B protein was not affected by genotypes. Also, the T variant of gelatinase B was not associated with CHD or MI in Germans. (J Geriatr Cardiol 2004;1(2):114-118.)

关键词： gelatinase B gene polymorphism coronary heart disease myocardial infarction gelatinase B protein

Environmental Geology

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Episodes 2008年第1期31卷 155-162页

作者： Reijo Salminen Anne Kousa rolf Tore Ottesen Olle Selinus Eiliv Steinnes Timo Tarvainen Bjoern OEhlander Geological Survey of Finland P.O. Box 96 FIN-02151 Espoo Finland. Geological Survey of Norway N-7491 Trondheim Norway. Geological Survey of Sweden P.O. Box 670 S-75128 Uppsala Sweden. Institutt for Kjemi Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet N-7491 Trondheim Norway. Lulea University of Technology SE-97187 Lulea.

The mining environment, medical geology and urban geochemistry form a group of related scientific disciplines that have developed strongly during recent years in the Nordic countries. Modern legislation controls the environmental issues. Close co-operation of researchers and legislators has improved the quality and safety of life in the societies of the Nordic countries. In mining environmental studies, methods that are suitable in Arctic conditions have been developed; in medical geology, the input from the Nordic countries has made it an appreciated scientific discipline throughout the world, and in the case of the urban environment, methods developed by our geochemists have especially improved the health conditions, particularly of children.

关键词：环境地质学医学地质学环境利用城市地球化学

Alleviating Bottlenecks in Power Interconnectors by Means of FACTS

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第12期6卷 2046-2053页

作者： rolf Grunbaum Talivaldis Podins ABB AB FACTS Vasteras SE-721 64 Sweden ABB S1A Riga 1058 Latvia

Power interconnections are becoming increasingly important in various parts of the world, as incentives for power exchange between countries are growing. A current example is that the Baltic Energy Market Interconnection Plan is launched by the European Council. For a variety of reasons, it is desirable to keep transmission corridors as slender as possible, i.e. keeping the number of lines as limited as possible, while still keeping adequate stability and power transmission capacity over the corridor. This is true, no matter whether it concerns a green-field project, or if it is a question of expanding an existing transmission corridor into higher power transmission capability. To achieve this, FACTS （flexible AC transmission systems）, based on state of the art high power electronics, is a highly useful option, from technical, economical and environmental points of view, to increase the utilization and stability of a transmission system or intertie. The paper presents salient design features as well as benefits of recently installed FACTS devices, more specifically SVC （static var compensators） and series capacitors, for enabling or improving cross-border as well as interregional power transfer in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly way.

关键词： FACTS power transmission stability SVC series compensation transient stability voltage stability.

Elevated free cholesterol in a p62 overexpression model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第47期20卷 17839-17850页

作者： Yvette Simon Sonja M Kessler Katja Gemperlein Rainer M Bohle rolf Müller Johannes Haybaeck Alexandra K Kiemer Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical BiologySaarland University66123 SaarbrückenGermany Medical University of Graz Institute of PathologyGraz 8036Austria Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical BiotechnologySaarland University and Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)66123 SaarbrückenGermany Saarland University Department of Pathology66421 HomburgGermany

AIM: To characterize how insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA binding protein p62/IMP2-2 promotes steatohepatitis in the absence of dietary cholesterol.

关键词： Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2-2 Methionine/choline deficient Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Filipin Iron

Boron neutron capture therapy for vulvar melanoma and genital extramammary Paget’s disease with curative responses

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 400-409页

作者： Junichi Hiratsuka Nobuhiko Kamitani Ryo Tanaka Eisaku Yoden Ryuji Tokiya Minoru Suzuki rolf F.Barth Koji Ono Department of Radiation Oncology Kawasaki Medical School577MatsushimaKurashikiOkayama 701-0192Japan Department of Dermatology Kawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiOkayama 701-0192Japan Particle Radiation Oncology Kyoto University Research Reactor InstituteOsaka 590-0494Japan Department of Pathology The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Background:Although the most commonly recommended treatment for melanoma and extramammary Paget’s disease(EMPD)of the genital region is wide surgical excision of the lesion,the procedure is highly invasive and can lead to functional and sexual *** treatments have been used for local control when wide local exci-sion was not ***,we describe four patients with genital malignancies who were treated with boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT).Methods:The four patients included one patient with vulvar melanoma(VM)and three with genital *** underwent BNCT at the Kyoto University Research Reactor between 2005 and 2014 using para-boronophenylalanine as the boron delivery *** were irradiated with an epithermal neutron beam between the curative tumor dose and the tolerable skin/mucosal ***:All patients showed similar tumor and normal tissue responses following BNCT and achieved complete responses within 6 *** most severe normal tissue response was moderate skin erosion during the first 2 months,which diminished gradually *** or contact pain persisted for 2 months and resolved com-pletely by 4 ***:Treating VM and EMPD with BNCT resulted in complete local tumor *** on our clinical expe-rience,we conclude that BNCT is a promising treatment for primary VM and EMPD of the genital region.

关键词： Boron neutron capture therapy Vulvar melanoma Extramammary Paget’s disease Penis Vulva