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Influence of Variety and Maturity Level on Natural Convective Heat Drying of Four Onion Varieties Grown in Senegal

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第8期9卷 997-1013页

作者： Ngoné fall Beye Cheikhou Kane Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Cheikhou Talla Abdou Sene Codou Mar Diop Laboratoire d’Electrochimie et de Procédés Membranaires (LEPM) ESP-UCAD Dakar Sénégal Centre d’Etudes sur la Sécurité alimentaire et les Molécules fonctionnelles (CESAM-RESCIF) ESP-UCAD Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire des Sciences Biologiques Agronomiques et de Modélisation des Systèmes Complexes (LaBAM)/UGB Saint-Louis Sénégal Institut Pasteur de Dakar Unité d’épidémiologie des maladies infectieuses Dakar Sénégal

The considerable post-harvest losses (5% to 40% depending on storage time) due to the high water content level of the onion varieties in Senegal are the main cause of the problem of access to local onion all year round. Therefore, drying is one of the techniques that can be used to solve the problem of onion perishability. This study deals with the characterization of naturally convective kinetics drying of four onion varieties in relation to their maturity level. The experiment was carried out using the gravimetric method. The Welch and Turkey statistical tests display a significant difference between the effective diffusivity coefficients depending on the maturity level within each variety and across the four varieties. The effective diffusivity coefficients of the Galmi Violet, Safari, Gandiol F1 and Orient F1varieties range from 2.18 × 10−11 ± 2.69 × 10−12 to 1.32 × 10−10 ± 1.17 × 10−11 m2⋅s−1 at a maturity level less than 80%. When the maturity level is greater than 85%, the effective diffusivity coefficients range from 1.30 × 10−11 ± 1.24 × 10−12 to 8.05 × 10−11 ± 8.94 × 10−13 m2⋅s−1. As far as the activation energy is concerned, the study only reveals a significant difference between the varieties whatever the maturity level is. The Galmi Violet variety stands out with an average activation energy of 66.71 ± 0.12 KJ⋅mol−1 K−1 for the maturity level below 80% and 58.74 ± 0.11 KJ⋅mol−1 for the maturity level above 85%. For the three remaining varieties, the average activation energy ranges from 58.15 ± 0.19 to 59.12 ± 0.13 KJ⋅mol−1 for a maturity level less than 80% whereas the rates go from 47.63 ± 0.28 to 49.96 ± 0.77 KJ⋅mol−1 when the maturity level is greater than 85%. In summary, the higher the maturity level is, the lower the effective diffusivity coefficients will be. The same tendency was observed with the activation energy. The Galmi

关键词： Allium cepa L. Drying Kinetics Maturity Level Effective Diffusivity

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Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for fast germplasm analysis and classification in multi-environment using intact-seed peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 132-141页

作者： Fentanesh Chekole Kassie Gilles Chaix Hermine Bille Ngalle Maguette Seye Coura fall Hodo-Abalo Tossim Aissatou Sambou Olivier Gibert Fabrice Davrieux Joseph Martin Bell Jean-Francois Rami Daniel Fonceka Joel Romaric Nguepjop Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeP.O.Box 337Cameroon Department of Plant Science College of AgricultureWolaita Sodo UniversitySodoP.O.Box 138Ethiopia CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierFrance AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance ChemHouse Research Group MontpellierFrance Centre D’Etudes Regional Pour L’Amelioration de L’Adaptation a La Secheresse(CERAAS/ISRA) Route de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal Dispositif de Recherche et de Formation en Partenariat Innovation et Amelioration Varietale en Afrique de L’Ouest(IAVAO)CERAASRoute de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal CIRAD UMR QUALISUDSaint PierreFrance

Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional *** this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed *** elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 *** were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between *** magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid *** yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples *** pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the ***,a PLS-DA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment *** confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different f

关键词： Groundnut Oilseed Near infrared spectroscopy Germplasm analysis Environment Nutritional Breeding

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助表面活性剂提高碱水驱程度的矿场测试

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石油勘探开发情报 1996年第5期 54-64页

作者： fall.,AH 孙明

在路易期安娜怀特卡斯特尔油田的一小型油藏，进行了不同聚合物控制流度，而用助表表面活性提高碱水驱的矿场测试，尽管水驱不稳定，但这种方法作为三次采油，至少使油藏中水驱后的残余油采收率提高３８％，充分显示出百分之百的驱替效... 详细信息

在路易期安娜怀特卡斯特尔油田的一小型油藏，进行了不同聚合物控制流度，而用助表表面活性提高碱水驱的矿场测试，尽管水驱不稳定，但这种方法作为三次采油，至少使油藏中水驱后的残余油采收率提高３８％，充分显示出百分之百的驱替效率。碱和助表面活性剂通过通储导时要发生弥散现象而损失。

关键词：表面活性剂碱水驱油田开发

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高效液相色谱仪(HPLC)及其在临床生化中的应用

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国外医学（临床生物化学与检验学分册） 1992年第4期13卷 168-179页

作者： fall.,A 刘泽民重庆医科大学检验系

8.高效反相离子偶色谱常规反相色谱最重要的是局限于其无能分离来自柱死体积的高极性或离子化合物,且保持好对称的峰形。直到最近几年,离子交换色谱才提出了包含这些类型化合物的分离方法。离子偶的形成是靠加入一相反电荷的平衡离子给... 详细信息

8.高效反相离子偶色谱常规反相色谱最重要的是局限于其无能分离来自柱死体积的高极性或离子化合物,且保持好对称的峰形。直到最近几年,离子交换色谱才提出了包含这些类型化合物的分离方法。离子偶的形成是靠加入一相反电荷的平衡离子给微粒溶质离子以提供平均中和电荷,在有机化学中已使用了几十年以将水溶性离子化合物萃取为无水介质。

关键词：高效液相色谱临床生化

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COVID-19 Infection and Homozygous SS Sickle Cell Disease in Children: About Two Cases in Ziguinchor/Senegal

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期10卷 744-750页

作者： Lamine Thiam Noel Magloire Manga Chérif Mouhamadou Aidara Amadou Lamine fall Ibrahima Diagne Ousmane Ndiaye Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Peace Hospital Ziguinchor Senegal Cheikh Anta Diop University in Dakar Albert Royer Children’s Hospital in Dakar Dakar Senegal Gaston Berger University of Saint Louis Saint Louis Regional Hospital Saint Louis Senegal

The World Health Organization declared that corona virus diseases-19 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency. The COVID-19 pandemic is more likely to cause disaster in developing area including West Africa due to limited medical resources. COVID-19 reportedly causes severer conditions in adults with advanced age and in patients with underlying comorbidities including sickle cell anemia. We recently experienced two pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SS), who had COVID-19. We here highlight the difficulties of management and the severity of COVID-19 infection in children with homozygous sickle cell SS.

关键词： COVID 19 Infection Sickle Cell Disease Child

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The Use of Atypical Neuroleptics in Drugs Management in Fann’s Psychiatry Department

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第1期11卷 1-11页

作者： Ndèye Dialé Ndiaye Ndongo Lamine fall Aida Sylla Sénéba Cissé Mamadou Habib Thiam Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann Dakar Senegal

Background and Objectives: Neuroleptics have revolutionized pharmacological management in psychiatry. The advent of atypical neuroleptics constitutes a major turning point in this therapeutic challenge. The objective of our study was to determine the prescription of these atypical neuroleptics in Fann’s psychiatry department. Methodology: It was a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study that involved 223 patients hospitalized in the psychiatry department of Fann Hospital during the period from January 2015 to December 2017. Results: Our study shows a majority prescription of classic neuroleptics in combination Haloperidol-Chlorpromazine 53% and 14% in monotherapy and a prescription of atypical neuroleptics at 4%. They are prescribed in combination with the classics at 4%. Conclusion: These results show a still low prescription of atypical neuroleptics which raises questions about the availability and affordability of such drugs, but also about prescription habits in the context of developing country.

关键词： Atypical Neuroleptics Classic Neuroleptics Psychiatry Senegal

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德国监狱里的Geeker们！

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计算机应用文摘 2013年第22期29卷 85-86页

作者： fall_ark(翻译)

海外摄影师Marc Steinmetz的网站曾经放出了一组照片，把德国监狱收缴回来的部分私制武器和特别工具贴出来。除去那些攻击性武器外，让人想不到的是，这些罪犯竟然能在原材料极其缺乏的情况下制造出加热器和无线电发报机等工具。

关键词：监狱德国摄影师攻击性无线电加热器原材料工具

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Profile of the Functional Categories of Food Additives in Industrial Foods Marketed in Senegal

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1244-1258页

作者： Alé Kane Ngoné fall Bèye Alioune Sow Papa Amadou Diakhaté Ndèye Yacine Ndiaye Mady Cissé Laboratoire des Sciences Biologiques Agronomiques Alimentaires et de Modélisation des Systèmes Complexes (LABAAM) Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Dakar Senegal Département des Technologies Agroalimentaires UFR des Sciences Agronomiques de l’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires (S2ATA) Saint-Louis Senegal Institut de Technologie Alimentaire (ITA) Dakar Senegal Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique (ESP) Dakar Senegal

Food additives, whether natural or artificial substances, are widely used around the world to improve the sensory quality of products, extend their shelf life and make them more competitive. However, the abusive and uncontrolled consumption of food additives is the cause of numerous illnesses and diseases such as poisoning, allergies, diabetes and numerous cancers. So, in addition to setting up control and regulatory bodies, it is becoming essential to keep a constant watch on the presence of food additives on the market. The aim of this study is to highlight the main categories of food additives in food products frequently sold on the Senegalese market. The methodology of the study is based on the identification of food additives from the information given on the labels of food packaging. Information was collected in markets in two (2) major regions of Senegal: Dakar and Saint-Louis. The results of our study show the presence of 153 food additives on the labels of 514 samples collected. Moreover, the frequency and diversity of additives depended on the food category. On the other hand, beyond their important technological and functional roles, some additives such as aspartame and monosodium glutamate have been implicated in pathologies, and others, such as titanium dioxide, are the subject of much controversy and even withdrawal in certain legislations for their impacts deemed potentially negative on consumer health.

关键词： Additives Labels Food Categories Quality Food Safety

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Geomechanical Characterization of Sandstones Cliffs of Segou (Senegal, West Africa) in the Madina Kouta Basin

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International Journal of Geosciences 2012年第1期3卷 166-174页

作者： Déthié Sarr Meissa fall Papa Malick Ngom Mapathé Ndiaye Cheikh H. Kane Makhaly Ba Laboratoire de Mécanique et Modélisation-UFR Sciences de l’Ingénieur Université de Thiès Thiès Sénégal

This work presents the behavior of Segou sandstones in the laboratory and in the field conditions. Four types of sandstone are collected in the northern part of the Madina Kouta basin (eastern Senegal). These types of specimens are the white sandstones, the red sandstones, the purple sandstones and the sandstones with intercalation of pelites. Uniaxial tests are carried out on these specimens of sandstones. The Young Moduli (E) and the Uniaxial Compression Strengths (Rc) are higher for the white sandstone. Values of the mechanical parameters decrease slightly for red sandstones due to an increase of the amount of pelites in the composition of the rock. Decrease of mechanical parameters is more important for the purple facies due to an important network of fractures. The facies with weaker characteristics corresponds to the sandstones with intercalation of pelites. This is due to the soft nature of the pelites. The slope stability of the Cliff sides depends also on to these characteristics.

关键词： Unconfined Compression Test-Uniaxial Compression Strength (UCT Rc) JRC (Joint Roughness Coefficient) Young Modulus (E) Roughness Segou-Madina Kouta Basin Discontinuities Dihedral Slope Cliff

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Identification of Natural and Artificial Colorants in Industrial Products Marketed in Senegal

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1232-1243页

作者： Alé Kane Papa Amadou Diakhaté Ngoné fall Bèye Alioune Sow Coumba Gueye Sagna Mady Cissé Laboratoire des Sciences Biologiques Agronomiques Alimentaires et de Modélisation des Systèmes Complexes (LABAAM) Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Sénégal Département des Technologies Agroalimentaires UFR des Sciences Agronomiques de l’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires (S2ATA) Saint-Louis Sénégal Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique (ESP) Dakar Sénégal

Food colorants are widely used in the food industry to maintain or enhance product color. However, as the use of these colorants can have negative impacts on health, it is essential to analyze the risks associated with their consumption. This analysis requires, among other things, obtaining sufficient data on the presence of these colorants in foods, as well as their level of consumption. However, data on these colorants is often virtually non-existent in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the colorant profile of industrial products marketed in Senegal. Information on food additives was collected on 399 labels of different food product categories in shops located in Dakar. Data is recorded and processed using Excel software. Based on the Codex classification, analysis of the profile of additives identified on the labels of food samples revealed the presence of 31 colorants. The natural colorants identified are dominated by beta-carotene, widely present in beverages and dairy products, and paprika extract identified on cookies and industrial sauces. Artificial colors are dominated caramels present in several foods including bouillons, vinegars, sauces and hard candies. Secondly, there was a strong presence of the azo dye Sunset yellow FCF, widely found in samples of beverages, confectionery and cookies. The results of this case study enable us to appreciate the wide presence and diversity of colorants on the Senegalese market, and the importance of controlling them to guarantee consumer safety.

关键词： Colorant Artificial Natural Food Additives Food Safety

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