检索结果-南通市图书馆

Correlation between white matter damage and gray matter lesions in multiple sclerosis patients

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第5期12卷 787-794页

作者： Xue-mei Han Hong-ji Tian Zheng Han Ce Zhang Ying Liu Jie-bing Gu rohit Bakshi Xia Cao First Department of Neurology China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Medicine School of Clinical MedicineJilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Brigham and Women's HospitalLaboratory for Neuroimaging ResearchPartners MS CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

We observed the characteristics of white matter fibers and gray matter in multiple sclerosis patients, to identify changes in diffusion tensor imaging fractional anisotropy values following white matter fiber injury. We analyzed the correlation between fractional anisotropy values and changes in whole-brain gray matter volume. The participants included 20 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and 20 healthy volunteers as controls. All subjects underwent head magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. Our results revealed that fractional anisotropy values decreased and gray matter volumes were reduced in the genu and splenium of corpus callosum, left anterior thalamic radiation, hippocampus, uncinate fasciculus, right corticospinal tract, bilateral cingulate gyri, and inferior longitudinal fasciculus in multiple sclerosis patients. Gray matter volumes were significantly different between the two groups in the right frontal lobe（superior frontal, middle frontal, precentral, and orbital gyri）, right parietal lobe（postcentral and inferior parietal gyri）, right temporal lobe（caudate nucleus）, right occipital lobe（middle occipital gyrus）, right insula, right parahippocampal gyrus, and left cingulate gyrus. The voxel sizes of atrophic gray matter positively correlated with fractional anisotropy values in white matter association fibers in the patient group. These findings suggest that white matter fiber bundles are extensively injured in multiple sclerosis patients. The main areas of gray matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis are the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, caudate nucleus, parahippocampal gyrus, and cingulate gyrus. Gray matter atrophy is strongly associated with white matter injury in multiple sclerosis patients, particularly with injury to association fibers.

关键词： nerve regeneration multiple sclerosis diffusion tensor imaging tract-based spatial statistics voxel-based morphometry gray matter white matter fractional anisotropy brain atrophy neural regeneration

Cell-type specific role of autophagy in the liver and its implications in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第12期15卷 1272-1283页

作者： Sana Raza Sangam Rajak Rajani Singh Jin Zhou rohit A Sinha Amit Goel Department of Endocrinology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesUttar PradeshLucknow 226014India Department of Hepatology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesUttar PradeshLucknow 226014India CVMD Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore

Autophagy,a cellular degradative process,has emerged as a key regulator of cellular energy production and stress *** autophagy is a common phenomenon observed in several human diseases,and its restoration offers curative ***-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),more recently renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease,is a major metabolic liver disease affecting almost 30%of the world ***,NAFLD has no pharmacological therapies available to *** regulates several hepatic processes including lipid metabolism,inflammation,cellular integrity and cellular plasticity in both parenchymal(hepatocytes)and non-parenchymal cells(Kupffer cells,hepatic stellate cells and sinusoidal endothelial cells)with a profound impact on NAFLD *** cell type-specific autophagy in the liver is essential in order to develop targeted treatments for liver diseases such as *** autophagy in specific cell types can have varying effects on liver function and pathology,making it a promising area of research for liver-related *** review aims to summarize our present understanding of cell-type specific effects of autophagy and their implications in developing autophagy centric therapies for NAFLD.

关键词： Autophagy Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatocytes Macrophages Hepatic stellate cells

Nitrogen fractionation of certain conventional-and lesser-known by-products for ruminants

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutrition 2017年第2期3卷 186-190页

作者： M.S.Mahesh Sudarshan S.Thakur rohit Kumar Tariq A.Malik Rajkumar Gami Animal Nutrition Division ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University) Division of Animal Nutrition Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology-Jammu NDDB-Ration Balancing Program Office

Dietary proteins for ruminants are fractionated according to solubility, degradability and digestibility. In the present experiment, 11 vegetable protein meals and cakes used in ruminant nutrition were included with a main focus on determining various nitrogen(N) fractions in vitro. Total N(N×6.25) content varied from 22.98%(mahua cake) to 65.16%(maize gluten meal), respectively. Guar meal korma contained the lowest and rice gluten meal had the highest acid detergent insoluble nitrogen(ADIN; N×6.25). Boratephosphate insoluble N(BIN, N×6.25) and Streptomyces griseus protease insoluble N(PIN; N×6.25) were higher(P<0.01) in maize gluten meal than in other feeds, whereas groundnut cake and sunflower cake had lower(P < 0.01) BIN, and PIN, respectively. Available N, calculated with the assumption that ADIN is indigestible, was maximum in guar meal korma and minimum in rice gluten meal. Furthermore, rapid and slowly degradable N(N × 6.25) was found to be higher(P < 0.01) in groundnut cake and coconut cake, respectively. Intestinal digestion of rumen undegradable protein, expressed as percent of PIN, was maximum in guar meal korma and minimum in rice gluten meal. It was concluded that vegetable protein meals differed considerably in N fractions, and therefore, a selective inclusion of particular ingredient is needed to achieve desired level of N fractions to aid precision N rationing for an improved production performance of ruminants.

关键词： ADIN Protein degradability Soluble protein Streptomyces griseus protease

Risk factors for endophthalmitis following cataract surgery-our experience at a tertiary eye care centre in India

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第6期8卷 1184-1189页

作者： rohit C.Khanna Vanita Pathak Ray Madhavi Latha Sandra D Cassard Annie Mathai Garudadri C Sekhar LV Prasad Eye Institute Kallam Anji Reddy Campus Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University

AIMTo determine the risk factors for acute endophthalmitis after cataract extraction in a tertiary care centre in *** performed a nested case control study within a retrospective cohort. The surgical records of all patients with clinically diagnosed endophthalmitis within one month after cataract surgery, performed between January 2006 and December 2009, were reviewed. These were compared with randomly selected age and gender-matched controls, from patients having routine cataract surgery within ±1wk of the endophthalmitis case. Univariable and multivariable analysis were performed to identify risk factors for *** the total 33 856 cataract surgeries performed during this period, there were 57 cases of postoperative acute endophthalmitis that met our study criteria. Thus, the overall incidence of endophthalmitis in our cohort was 1.6 per 1000 cataract extractions performed. Mean age of cases was 55.9y (SD: 10.9y) and for controls was 55.6y (SD: 9.8y). Thirty-five cases (61.4%) and 133 controls (59.6%) were males. Median time of onset of endophthalmitis was 4d (IQR 2-9d; range: 1-30d). Thirty-nine cases (68.4%) presented within 7d and 27 cases (47.4%) were culture positive. Two hundred and twenty-three age and gender matched controls were selected. In multivariate analysis, endophthalmitis was associated with posterior capsular rupture (PCR) during surgery (OR 6.98, 95%CI: 2.22-21.98), phacoemulsification via scleral incision with a foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (OR 3.02, 95%CI: 1.13-8.04) and ocular co-morbidity (OR 2.32, 95%CI: 1.11-4.87).CONCLUSIONPCR, presence of ocular co-morbidity, and phacoemulsification via scleral incision with foldable-IOL were found to be independent risk factors for acute endophthalmitis.

关键词： endophthalmitis incidence cataract surgery risk factors

GIS Based Methodology for Groundwater Flow Estimation across the Boundary of the Study Areain Groundwater Flow Modeling

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2011年第11期3卷 824-831页

作者： Vijai Singhal rohit Goyal 不详

Pali district, Rajasthan, India has been facing severe pollution of groundwater due to release of untreated industrial effluent of textile industries into the Bandi River flowing through the Pali city. A groundwater flow and transport modeling exercise has been undertaken by MNIT, Jaipur, India to understand the groundwater flow regime and to study the different scenarios. In the modeling exercise partially penetrating ephemeral rivers have been taken as part of model boundaries wherever more appropriate boundaries were not available in the near vicinity. These boundaries have been considered as constant flow boundaries. Aim of this paper is to present a methodology to calculate the average flux through such boundaries from readily available data such as bore logs and groundwater levels. The study area boundary was divided in to several cross sections and average values of groundwater flow gradients normal to the boundary were calculated for different monsoon and non monsoon seasons for different years. The entire boundary was then regrouped into 8 boundary segments on the basis of average values of gradients for individual line segments and mean gradient values for these line segments were calculated. Values of ground level, bottom elevations of hydros-tratigraphic layers and average water depth were extracted for a number of points on these line segments from the respective layers and these values were used to calculate equivalent horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the multi-layered aquifer system at every point. The Darcy’s law was then used to calculate inflow/outflow per m length of the boundary at each point. The methodology presented here is simple and is based on the assumption that the groundwater level gradients do not change significantly for different seasons and amongst different years which has been validated in the present groundwater modeling study. The paper demonstrates a GIS based methodology to work out inflow/outflow across boundary of a study

关键词： Groundwater Flow Model Boundary Conditions Flow Estimation Geographical Information System

A Nonlinear Autoregressive Scheme for Time Series Prediction via Artificial Neural Networks

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Computer and Communications 2018年第9期6卷 14-23页

作者： rohit Raturi Hayk Sargsyan Regional Development Center KPMG USA LLP Montvale NJ USA Institute of Informatics National Academy of Sciences of Armenia Yerevan Armenia

This article is devoted to a time series prediction scheme involving the nonlinear autoregressive algorithm and its applications. The scheme is implemented by means of an artificial neural network containing a hidden layer. As a training algorithm we use scaled conjugate gradient (SCG) method and the Bayesian regularization (BReg) method. The first method is applied to time series without noise, while the second one can also be applied for noisy datasets. We apply the suggested scheme for prediction of time series arising in oil and gas pricing using 50 and 100 past values. Results of numerical simulations are presented and discussed.

关键词： Nonlinear Autoregression Time Series Prediction Data Analysis Deep Learning Scaled Conjugate Gradient Method Bayesian Regularization Method

The impact of dysfunctional tear films and optical aberrations on chronic migraine

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Eye and Vision 2017年第1期4卷 18-21页

作者： rohit Shetty Kalyani Deshpande Chaitra Jayadev Kareeshma Wadia Pooja Mehta Rushad Shroff Harsha L.Rao Department of Ophthalmology Narayana Nethralaya Eye Institute121/CChord Road1“R”BlockRajajinagarBangalore 560010KarnatakaIndia

Background:Migraine is a multifactorial disorder with complex neuronal and vascular mechanisms that encompasses a wide clinical spectrum of symptoms,including ocular *** eye disease and dysfunction of ocular somatosensory pathways have been implicated in the *** current study investigates the association between a dysfunctional tear film and ocular aberrations with ***:Sixty eyes of 30 patients with migraine and 60 eyes of 30 controls were *** eye evaluation included Schirmer’s test,tear film break-up time,corneal esthesiometry and lipid layer analysis using Lipiview^(®)*** aberrations were measured using Optical Path Difference before performing the dry eye *** intraocular light scatter was quantified using the objective scatter index(OSI)of the optical quality analysis *** parameters were compared between the migraine and the control group using independent sample *** analysis was performed using commercial software.A p value of≤0.05 was considered statistically ***:There were 19 females and 11 males in each *** significant difference was found between the two groups with respect to total aberrations(p=0.049),higher order aberrations(p=0.009),coma(p=0.03),spherical aberrations(p=0.018),Lipiview interferometric coloric units(p<0.001)and OSI(p<0.001).Trefoil(p=0.26)and TBUT(p=0.398)were not significantly different between both ***:Ocular aberrations are higher in patients with migraine as compared with *** film abnormalities add to the aberrations in otherwise asymptomatic patients and may also be associated with migraineous *** the ocular surface to obtain a healthy tear film might introduce a potential modifiable factor in the prevention of migraneous attacks.

关键词： Migraine Dry eye Aberrations

Measurement of Radioactivity of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in Soil of Different Geological Origins in Northern India

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第7期2卷 960-966页

作者： rohit Mehra Manmohan Singh 不详

Radioactivity of the nuclides 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K was measured in soil by γ-ray spectrometry using HPGe detector. A criterion was set in order to analyse soil samples from plain, semi-hilly and hilly areas in northern India. More than three γ-ray energy peaks were used for the determination of 226Ra and 232Th activity concentrations to obtain more accurate results. Some of these peaks have interfering energies, which was caused by the limited resolution of the detector, but they were resolved theoretically and used in the analysis because of their significance in reducing the random error to its minimum level. Relationships between the measured radionuclides have been discussed elaborately. Radionuclides 238U and 226Ra were found in disequilibrium with ratio of specific activities 238U/, 226Ra) less than unity for most of the samples. In some cases this disequilibrium may be significant enough to modify the γ-ray dose factors.

关键词： Soil Natural Radionuclides Disequilibrium Dose

Quantifying microstructural changes in retinitis pigmentosa using spectral domain – optical coherence tomography

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Eye and Vision 2019年第1期6卷 91-98页

作者： B.Poornachandra Aruj K.Khurana Preethi Sridharan Priyansha Chatterjee Chaitra Jayadev Naresh Kumar Yadav rohit Shetty Department of Vitreo Retina Narayana Nethralaya Eye InstituteBangaloreIndia. Department of Ophthalmology Narayana Nethralaya Eye Institute121/CChord Road1“R”BlockRajajinagarBangaloreKarnataka 560010India

Background:Most patients of established retinitis pigmentosa(RP)have subnormal peripheral vision and heavily rely on central vision for their daily *** visual acuity is dependent on photoreceptor survival at the *** of structural changes that precede visual loss is *** aim of this study was to correlate the Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography(SD-OCT)characteristics with visual acuity in patients with typical ***:This was a retrospective,observational case series of 224 eyes of 113 RP patients conducted a tertiary eye care ***-OCT imaging was done for all *** retinal thickness(CRT),photoreceptor outer segment length(PROS),foveal outer segment pigment epithelial thickness(FOSPET)and ellipsoid zone(EZ)extent were measured.A new variable,FOSPET-PROS ratio(FPR),obtained by dividing FOSPET by PROS is defined and correlated to corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA)in logMAR using linear ***:Out of 113 patients,71 were males and 42 *** age of the patients was 35.4±15.1 *** CDVA was 0.33±0.25 logMAR with no difference between the *** CRT(218.74±83.5μm)and FPR(1.63±0.22)significantly correlated to CDVA with a correlation coefficient of r=−0.139(p=0.048)and r=0.842(p=0.0001),***(mean=71.15±13.8μm)and PROS(mean=44.85±12.5μm)did not show a significant correlation to CDVA,independent of ***:Retinal microstructural changes on SD-OCT,especially the FPR,can be used as a surrogate marker to monitor disease progression in the central retina in degenerative diseases like RP.

关键词： Retinitis Pigmentosa Photoreceptor outer segment length(PROS) Foveal outer segment pigment epithelial thickness(FOSPET) Ellipsoid zone(EZ) FOSPET-PROS ratio(FPR)