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Utilization of eye care services among those with unilateral visual impairment in rural South India：Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study(APEDS)

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第3期10卷 473-479页

作者： Srinivas Marmamula Giridhar Pyda rohit c khanna Allen Foster community Eye Health Research centre Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye Care L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India Brien Holden Eye Research centre L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance Fellow L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India School of Optometry & Vision Science University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Science L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India

AIM：To report on the utilization of eye care services and its associated factors among those with unilateral visual impairment（VI）in a rural South Indian ***：A population based cross-sectional study was conducted in three districts（Adilabad,Mahbubnagar and West Godavari）in the state of Andhra Pradesh,India.A detailed interview and a comprehensive eye examination were conducted. Those with unilateral VI were asked questions about noticing any change in vision and on utilization of eye care services. The most important reason reported by the participant for not utilizing the services was used for the analysis. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association between noticing a change in vision and socio-demographic variables such as age,gender,education and area of residence,severity and causes of ***：Among the 4456 participants aged ≥16y who were administered the questionnaire,53.2% were women,and 54.7% had no education. Of the 489（11%; 95% cI：10.1-11.9）people with unilateral VI,399（81.6%）participants reported noticing a change in their vision over the last five years but only 136（34.1%）participants had soughteye care consultation. Those who had any education（OR：1.9; 95% cI：1.1-3.2）,had blindness（OR：2.7; 95% cI：1.4-5.2）,and cataract（OR：2.1; 95% cI：1.0-4.3）as a cause of unilateral VI were more like to seek eye care consultations. The most commonly reported reasons for not seeking eye care services were ＂do not have money for eye checkup＂ in 30.7% of the participants followed by ＂do not have a serious problem＂（30.0%）.cONcLUSION：A large proportion of rural population though noticed a change in their vision did not seek eye care due to financial and person-related reasons. Eye care service providers need to address these barriers to enhance the uptake of eye care services among those with unilateral VI.

关键词： unilateral visual impairment socio-demographic variables Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study India

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Unilateral visual impairment in rural south India-Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study(APEDS)

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第5期9卷 763-767页

作者： Srinivas Marmamula rohit c khanna Gullapalli N Rao Allen Foster community Eye Health Research centre Gullapalli Pratibha Rao-International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye careL V Prasad Eye Institute Brien Holden Eye Research centre L V Prasad Eye Institute School of Optometry & Vision Science University of New South Wales

AIM： To report the prevalence and causes of unilateral visual impairment（UVI） in rural population of all ages in rural Andhra Pradesh, India.·METHODS： A population-based cross sectional study using a multi-stage cluster sampling methodology was carried out in West Godavari, Adilabad and Mahbubnagar districts in south India. A comprehensive eye examination that included presenting and best corrected visual acuity and dilated fundus examination was conducted by trained professionals. UVI is defined as presenting visual acuity 6/18 in one eye but ≥6/18 in other eye. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to test association of UVI with socio-demographic risk factors.· RESULTS： Data were analyzed for 6634/7771 participants after excluding those with bilateral visual impairment. The mean age of the participants was 27.4y（Standard deviation： 17.9y）, 51.9% were women and49.1% were educated. The prevalence of UVI was 7.8%（95% cI： 7.2%- 8.5%）. Uncorrected refractive error（60.8%）, cataract（17.4%） and retinal causes（6.6%） were the leading causes of UVI. On multiple logistic regression analyses, older age, not having education, living in welloff district had significantly higher odds of being associated with UVI. UVI was not associated with gender.·cONcLUSION： UVI is common in rural south *** of it is due to cataract and refractive errors, both of which can be addressed at primary and secondary levelsof eye care. Burden of UVI should also be considered in planning eye care services.

关键词： visual impairment cataract refractive errors India Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study

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Risk factors for endophthalmitis following cataract surgery-our experience at a tertiary eye care centre in India

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第6期8卷 1184-1189页

作者： rohit c.khanna Vanita Pathak Ray Madhavi Latha Sandra D cassard Annie Mathai Garudadri c Sekhar LV Prasad Eye Institute Kallam Anji Reddy Campus Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University

AIMTo determine the risk factors for acute endophthalmitis after cataract extraction in a tertiary care centre in *** performed a nested case control study within a retrospective cohort. The surgical records of all patients with clinically diagnosed endophthalmitis within one month after cataract surgery, performed between January 2006 and December 2009, were reviewed. These were compared with randomly selected age and gender-matched controls, from patients having routine cataract surgery within ±1wk of the endophthalmitis case. Univariable and multivariable analysis were performed to identify risk factors for *** the total 33 856 cataract surgeries performed during this period, there were 57 cases of postoperative acute endophthalmitis that met our study criteria. Thus, the overall incidence of endophthalmitis in our cohort was 1.6 per 1000 cataract extractions performed. Mean age of cases was 55.9y (SD: 10.9y) and for controls was 55.6y (SD: 9.8y). Thirty-five cases (61.4%) and 133 controls (59.6%) were males. Median time of onset of endophthalmitis was 4d (IQR 2-9d; range: 1-30d). Thirty-nine cases (68.4%) presented within 7d and 27 cases (47.4%) were culture positive. Two hundred and twenty-three age and gender matched controls were selected. In multivariate analysis, endophthalmitis was associated with posterior capsular rupture (PcR) during surgery (OR 6.98, 95%cI: 2.22-21.98), phacoemulsification via scleral incision with a foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (OR 3.02, 95%cI: 1.13-8.04) and ocular co-morbidity (OR 2.32, 95%cI: 1.11-4.87).cONcLUSIONPcR, presence of ocular co-morbidity, and phacoemulsification via scleral incision with foldable-IOL were found to be independent risk factors for acute endophthalmitis.

关键词： endophthalmitis incidence cataract surgery risk factors

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Response of L V Prasad Eye Institute to cOVID-19 outbreak in India:experience at its tertiary eye care centre and adoption to its Eye Health Pyramid

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： rohit c khanna Prashant Garg Pravin K Vaddavalli Merle Fernandes Suryasnata Rath Sameera Nayak Raja Narayanan Rajeev Reddy Pappuru Swathi Kaliki Anthony Vipin Das Savitri Sharma Subhadra Jalali Allen Foster community Eye Health Research centre Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye CareL V Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabad 500030India Brien Holden Eye Research centre L V Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabadTelangana 500034India School of Optometry and Vision Science University of New South WalesSydney 2033Australia University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNY 14642USA Kallam Anji Reddy campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteHyderabad 500034India Grandhi Mallikarjun Rao Varalakshmi campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteVishakhapatnamAndhra Pradesh 530040India Mithu Tulsi chanrai campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteBhubaneswaraOdisha 751024India Kode Venkatadri chowdary campus L V Prasad Eye InstituteVijayawada 521134India Department of eyeSmart EMR&AEye L V Prasad Eye Institute 500034India

AIM:To summarize the experience of response to cOVID-19 outbreak at a tertiary eye care institute and its network of health facilities in ***:Our responses are based on the principles of social distancing,hand hygiene,respiratory etiquettes,surface disinfection protocol,and rational use of appropriate personal protective equipment(PPE).We describe our response in terms of administrative controls,clinical protocols,staff protection,environmental controls,and social distancing *** also discuss our communication strategies and monitoring systems,to ensure compliance to ***:Administrative control is mainly related to formation of task force and its *** protocols are related to patient triaging methods and clinical examination guidelines in Outpatient,Inpatient and Operating *** protection is focused on training staff on the protocols to be followed in hospital as well as at home,and use of *** protocol is focused on cleaning and disinfectant methods to be used in the *** addition,there are systems for communication as well as monitoring compliance to ***:We hope that these protocols and our experience would help the ophthalmic community globally and serve as a guide to protect ophthalmologists and ophthalmic care personnel,and their patients across the world.

关键词： cOVID-19 coronavirus India ophthalmology pandemic care practices pandemic protocols eye care

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clinical outcomes of triceps reflecting anconeus pedicle and olecranon osteotomy approach for distal humerus intercondylar fractures

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 570-577页

作者： rohit Ailani Sanjeev Kumar Bhuyan Brejesh Kumar Prasad Amit Kumar Namrata Dawani Department of Orthopaedics Lovee Shubh HospitalLucknowUttar Pradesh 226002India Department of Orthopaedics Gauhati Medical CollegeGuahati 781032India Department of Orthopaedics ESIC Medical College and HospitalFaridabadHaryana 121001India Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical SciencesKalyaniWest Bengal 741245India Department of Obstetric and Gynecology Kannauj Medical CollegeKannaujUttar Pradesh 209732India

BAcKGROUND The preferred treatment for distal humeral intercondylar fractures is open reduction and internal *** there is consensus about the posterior approach,several posterior approaches have been *** is debatable as to which approach is *** To compare triceps reflecting anconeus pedicle(TRAP)and olecranon osteotomy approaches for internal fixation of distal humeral intercondylar *** In total,40 cases of Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Association of the Study of Internal Fixation type c,closed,and Gustilo type I intercondylar humeral fractures were *** ranged in age from 18 years to 70 *** patients were randomized into two groups:TRAP group and olecranon osteotomy group,with 20 cases in *** were followed up at 6 wk,3 months,6 months,and 12 *** outcomes were measured in terms of flexion-extension arc,Disabilities of Arm,Shoulder and Hand score,and Mayo Elbow Performance *** The mean age was 43.2 years in the TRAP group and 37.5 years in the olecranon osteotomy *** mean operative time and mean duration of hospital stay in the TRAP group were significantly higher than in the olecranon osteotomy group(119.5 vs 111.5 min and 9.85 vs 5.45 d,respectively).The mean arc of flexion-extension,Disabilities of Arm,Shoulder and Hand score,and Mayo Elbow Performance Score were comparable without any significant difference in the groups at the 12-month follow-up(107.0 vs 106.2,18.3 vs 15.7,and 84.2 vs 86.2,respectively).Ulnar paresthesia and superficial infections were comparable in both groups(2 cases vs 3 cases and 3 cases vs 2 cases,respectively).Hardware prominence was significantly higher in the olecranon osteotomy group,mostly due to tension band *** Both approaches were equivalent,but there is a need for further study including higher numbers of subjects and longer study duration to prove the benefits of one approach over the other.

关键词： Elbow joint Humeral fracture Osteotomy Internal Fracture fixation

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Metal to insulator transition for conducting polymers in plasmonic nanogaps

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 23-32页

作者： Yuling Xiong rohit chikkaraddy charlie Readman Shu Hu Kunli Xiong Jialong Peng Qianqi Lin Jeremy J.Baumberg NanoPhotonics centre Cavendish LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB30HEUK School of Physics&Astronomy University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK college of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-Optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina Hybrid Materials for Opto-Electronics Group Department of Molecules and MaterialsMESA+Institute for NanotechnologyMolecules Center and Center for Brain-Inspired Nano SystemsFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedeNetherlands

conjugated polymers are promising material candidates for many future applications in flexible displays, organic circuits, and sensors. Their performance is strongly affected by their structural conformation including both electrical and optical anisotropy. Particularly for thin layers or close to crucial interfaces, there are few methods to track their organization and functional behaviors. Here we present a platform based on plasmonic nanogaps that can assess the chemical structure and orientation of conjugated polymers down to sub-10 nm thickness using light. We focus on a representative conjugated polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), of varying thickness (2-20 nm) while it undergoes redox in situ. This allows dynamic switching of the plasmonic gap spacer through a metal-insulator transition. Both dark-field (DF) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra track the optical anisotropy and orientation of polymer chains close to a metallic interface. Moreover, we demonstrate how this influences both optical and redox switching for nanothick PEDOT devices.

关键词： transition insulator conjugated

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Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement (DSNS) on Glycemic Response in Prediabetic Adults: A Two-Armed, Open-Labelled Randomized controlled Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 612-643页

作者： Deepti khanna Kejal Joshi Reddy Hema S. Gopalan Jaladhi Bhatt Jayanti Gupta Simran Sethi Parth Joshi Manoj Pareek Department of R&D Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Mumbai India cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

It is well known that Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplements (DSNSs) are linked to improved glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. However, data on efficacy of DSNSs in prediabetics is limited. This was a two-armed, open-labelled, randomized controlled six-week study on 199 prediabetics [30 - 65 years;Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 5.7% - 6.4% and/or Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) 100-125 mg/dl]. Two parallel phases were conducted: Acute Blood Glucose Response (ABGR) and Intervention phase. Prediabetic participants were randomized into test (n = 100) and control (n = 99). The primary objective was to assess the ABGR of DSNS versus an isocaloric snack, measured by incremental Area under the curve (iAUc). Test and control received 60 g of DSNS and 56 g of isocaloric snack (cornflakes) respectively, both in 250 ml double-toned milk on visit days 1, 15, 29 and 43. Postprandial Blood Glucose (PPG) was estimated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. During the 4 weeks intervention phase, the test group received DSNS with lifestyle counselling (DSNS + Lc) and was compared with the control receiving lifestyle counselling alone (Lc alone). Impact was studied on FBG, HbA1c, anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, nutrient intake, and physical activity. The impact of DSNS was also studied using cGM between two 14-day phases: cGM1 baseline (days 1 - 14) and cGM2 endline (days 28 - 42). DSNS showed significantly lower PPG versus isocaloric snack at 30 (p 12, and chromium were reported by DSNS + Lc versus Lc alone. No other significant changes were reported between groups. It may be concluded that DSNS may be considered as a snack for prediabetic or hyperglycemic individuals requiring nutritional support for improved glycemic control.

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement Prediabetes Acute Blood Glucose Response Incremental Area under curve Lifestyle counselling

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co_(6)Se_(8)(PEt_(3))_(6) superatoms as tunable chemical dopants for two-dimensional semiconductors

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npj computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 373-378页

作者： Arthur c.Reber Shiv N.khanna Department of Physics Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23284USA

Electronic,optoelectronic,and other functionalities of semiconductors are controlled by the nature and density of carriers,and the location of the Fermi *** strategies to tune these parameters holds the key to precise control over semiconductors *** propose that ligand exchange on superatoms can offer a systematic strategy to vary these *** demonstrate this by considering a WSe_(2) surface doped with ligated metal chalcogenide co_(6)Se_(8)(PEt_(3))_(6) *** superatoms are characterized by valence quantum states that can readily donate multiple *** find that the WSe_(2) support binds more strongly to the co_(6)Se_(8) cluster than the PEt3 ligand,so ligand exchange between the phosphine ligand and the WSe_(2) support is energetically *** metal chalcogenide superatoms serves as a donor that may transform the WSe_(2) p-type film into an ntype *** theoretical findings complement recent experiments where WSe_(2) films with supported co_(6)Se_(8)(PEt_(3))_(6) are indeed found to undergo a change in behavior from p-to *** further show that by replacing the PEt3 ligands by cO ligands,one can control the electronic character of the surface and deposited species.

关键词： properties. semiconductors holds

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Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement on Glycemic, Anthropometric, Dietary and Gut Health Markers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: An RcT

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 846-867页

作者： Deepti khanna Hema S. Gopalan Kuzhandaivelu Abirami Vasudevan Sudha Rajagopal Gayatri Kejal Joshi-Reddy Jaladhi Bhatt Raman Ganesh Jeevan Karthikeyan Parkavi Vadivel Deepika Manoj Pareek Ranjit Mohan Anjana Viswanathan Mohan R&D Department Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Department of Foods Nutrition & Dietetics Research Madras Diabetes Research Foundation Chennai India Department of Diabetology Dr. Mohans Diabetes Specialities Centre Chennai India

With increasing incidence of diabetes, use of diabetes specific nutrition supplements (DSNS) is common for better management of the disease. To study effect of 12-week DSNS supplementation on glycemic markers, anthropometry, lipid profile, ScFAs, and gut microbiome in individuals with diabetes. Markers studied were glycemic [Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Post Prandial Glucose (PPG), HbA1c, Incremental Area under curve (iAUc), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (MAGE), Time in/above Range (TIR/TAR)], anthropometry [weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (Wc)], lipid profile, diet and gut health [plasma short chain fatty acids (ScFAs)]. N = 210 adults were randomized to receive either DSNS with standard care (DSNS + Sc;n = 105) or standard care alone (Sc alone;n = 105). After 12 weeks, significant differences between DSNS + Sc versus Sc alone was observed in FBG [−3 ± 6 vs 14 ± 6 mg/dl;p = 0.03], PPG [−35 ± 9 vs −3 ± 9 mg/dl;p = 0.01], weight [−0.6 ± 0.1 vs 0.2 ± 0.1 kg;p = 0.0001], BMI [−0.3 ± 0.1 vs 0.1 ± 0.1 kg/m2;p = 0.0001] and Wc [−0.3 ± 0.2 vs 0.2 ± 0.2 cm;p = 0.01]. HbA1c and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly reduced in DSNS + Sc [−0.2 ± 0.9;p = 0.04 and −5 mg/dl;p = 0.03] respectively with no change in control. continuous Glucose Monitoring (cGM) reported significant differences between DSNS + Sc versus Sc alone for mean glucose [−12 ± 65 vs 28 ± 93 mg/dl;p c [−192 (1.1) vs −48 (1.1) mg/dl;p = 0.03]. MAGE was significantly reduced for both DSNS + Sc (−19 ± 67;p c alone (−8 ± 70;p = 0.04), with reduction being more pronounced for DSNS + Sc. DSNS + Sc reported a decrease in carbohydrate energy % [−9.4 (−11.3, −7.6) %;p creased dietary fiber [9.5 (7.2, 11.8) g;p c alone. DSNS + Sc reported signi

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement Standard of care Diabetes Glycemic Markers HbA1c

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comparative study of Eu^(3+)-activated LnOcl(Ln=La and Gd) phosphors and their Judd-Ofelt analysis

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第9期33卷 946-953页

作者： N.Dhananjaya c.Shivakumara rohit Saraf Sukanti Behera H.Nagabhushana Department of Physics B.M.S. Institute of Technology and Management Solid State and Structural chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science c. N. R. Rao center for Advanced Materials Tumkur University

Eu3＋-activated layered LnOcI （Ln=La and Gd） phosphors were synthesized by the conventional solid-state method at relatively low temperature （700 ℃） and shorter duration of 2 h. The structural parameters were refined by the Rietveld refinement analysis and confirmed by the high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）. Both the compounds were crystallized in the tetragonal structure with space group P4/nmm （No. 129）. The homogeneity of the elements were ana- lyzed by TEM mapping and found to be uniformly distributed. The photoluminescence spectra revealed that the intensity of 5D0--7F2 transition （619 nm） was more intense in Eu3＋-activated GdOc1 compared to LaOc1. This was due to the property of Gd3＋ ions to act as an intermediate sublattice to facilitate the energy transfer to Eu3＋ ions. Intensity parameters and radiative properties such as transition probabilities, radiative lifetime and branching ratio were calculated using the Judd-Ofelt theory. The cIE color coordinates result revealed that the Eu3＋-activated GdOc1 （0.641, 0.354） phosphor was close to the commercial red phosphors like, Y203：Eu3＋（0.645, 0.347）, Y202S：Eu3＋（0.647, 0.343） and National Television System committee （NTSc）（0.67, 0.33）. The results suggest that the present GdOcI：Eu3＋ compound acts as a potential candidate for red phosphor materials.

关键词： LaOc1 GdOc1 phosphors Judd-Ofelt cIE rare earths

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