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Scaffoldless tissue-engineered nerve conduit promotes peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery after tibial nerve injury in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第9期12卷 1529-1537页

作者： Aaron M.adams Keith W.VanDusen Tatiana Y.Kostrominova Jacob P.Mertens Lisa M.Larkin Department of Molecular and Integrated Physiology University of Michigan Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Indiana University School of Medicine Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan

Damage to peripheral nerve tissue may cause loss of function in both the nerve and the targeted muscles it innervates. This study compared the repair capability of engineered nerve conduit （ENC）, engineered fibroblast conduit （EFC）, and autograft in a 10-mm tibial nerve gap. ENCs were fabricated utilizing primary fibroblasts and the nerve cells of rats on embryonic day 15 （E 15）. EFCs were fabricated utilizing primary fi- broblasts only. Following a 12-week recovery, nerve repair was assessed by measuring contractile properties in the medial gastrocnemius muscle, distal motor nerve conduction velocity in the lateral gastrocnemius, and histology of muscle and nerve. The autografts, ENCs and EFCs reestablished 96%, 87% and 84% of native distal motor nerve conduction velocity in the lateral gastrocnemius, 100%, 44% and 44% of native specific force of medical gastrocnemius, and 63%, 61% and 67% of native medial gastrocnemius mass, re- spectively. Histology of the repaired nerve revealed large axons in the autograft, larger but fewer axons in the ENC repair, and many smaller axons in the EFC repair. Muscle histology revealed similar muscle fiber cross-sectional areas among autograft, ENC and EFC repairs. In conclusion, both ENCs and EFCs promot- ed nerve regeneration in a 10-mm tibial nerve gap repair, suggesting that the El5 rat nerve cells may not be necessary for nerve regeneration, and EFC alone can suffice for peripheral nerve injury repair.

关键词： nerve regeneration peripheral nerve repair neural conduit tissue engineering fibroblasts neuralcells

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THE LUBBER

英语学习 1996年第2期 51-55页

作者：周天 Bill adams

Mr Pollack did not want to work on a ship. He was a farmer andloved the land. But his father’s farm was not big enough to sup-port him and all his brothers, and SO Pollack had to go to *** his first day at sea, the w... 详细信息

关键词： THE LUBBER

Lung cancer screening

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四川生理科学杂志 2022年第12期44卷 2092-2092页

作者： Scott J adams [a]Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA [b]Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA [c]Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales and Department of Lung Transplantation and Thoracic Medicine St Vincent's Hospital Sydney NSW Australia [d]Respiratory Medicine Unit David Evans Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Nottingham UK [e]Department of Radiology University Medical Center Groningen Groningen Netherlands [f]Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine National University Hospital and National University of Singapore Singapore

Randomised controlled trials, including the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) and the NELSON trial, have shown reduced mortality with lung cancer screening with low-dose CT compared with chest radiography or no screening. Although research has provided clarity on key issues of lung cancer screening, uncertainty remains about aspects that might be critical to optimise clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.

关键词： Lung lung cancer

Design flaws in randomized, placebo controlled, double blind clinical trials

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World Journal of Pharmacology 2012年第1期1卷 4-9页

作者： James David adams Jr Department of Pharmacology and Phar-maceutical Sciences University of Southern California School of Pharmacy Los Angeles CA 90089 United States

The hypothesis in drug clinical trials is that the drug is better than a placebo in patients suffering from a disease. The unstated assumption is that the drug cures the disease or is a powerful treatment for the disease. This is an incorrect assumption. Drugs do not cure or treat diseases. The body heals itself; drugs promote this ability of the body to heal itself. Placebos are assumed to be inactive; however, placebos can also promote the ability of the body to heal itself. Placebos are actually treatments that can stimulate endogenous healing mechanisms. The possible place of placebos in health management is controversial. Clinical trial design should be altered. The hypothesis of clinical trials should be that the drug speeds up or improves the healing of the patient, putting patient healing as the first objective. Placebos should not be used as controls but could be tested as drugs in their own right. The control in clinical trials should be no treatment. Alternatively, new drugs could be compared to existing drugs in clinical trials.

关键词： Randomized clinical trials Placebo effect Drug effcacy Healing

Cyberspace： A New Threat to the Sovereignty of the State

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Management Studies 2016年第6期4卷 256-265页

作者： Jackson adams Mohamad Albakajai University of Essex Colchester UK

This paper discusses one of the contemporary challenging issues--it is the challenge of e-commerce to the sovereignty of the state, where governments are unable to implement their own laws on disputed cases resulting from trans-border e-commerce interactions. The objective of the current research is to draw attention to the impact of international characteristics of e-commerce on the sovereignty of state, and to identify the factors affecting this sovereignty. The issue of the dynamieity of time and place will be taken into consideration, where activities carded out over the internet are characterized by their cross-border dimension. Based on real e-commerce case studies disputed on international level, this paper will draw on the legal perspective of cyberspace, identifying the relationship between cyberspace and state sovereignty, and outlining the mechanisms by which cyberspace could cross borders and the territory of the state despite all the precautions taken by the state to protect its sovereignty.

关键词： cyberspace sovereignty time space soft law

Editorial: Apoptosis is Critical to Pain Control

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Open Journal of Apoptosis 2013年第3期2卷 23-24页

作者： James David adams School of Pharmacy University of Southern California Los Angeles USA

Editorial: Apoptosis is Critical to Pain

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Polar Models of Culture-Regressivism Versus Progressivism

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2024年第4期12卷 193-209页

作者： Harry W.adams Prairie View A&M University TXUSA

The culture wars that simmer within any nation may have been escalating recently;but regardless of their national settings or milieus,many of these wars are informed by two opposing paradigms of *** paper analyzes two of these leading paradigms,designated here as Regressivism and *** theorists have long chronicled the differing strengths and weaknesses of these paradigms,taking the former as expressing more conservative,traditional,and nationalistic values,and the latter as expressing more liberal,pluralistic,and cosmopolitan *** beyond these perennial distinctions,I argue that Progressivism is more benign and beneficial than the former-by meeting basic human needs better and supporting more effective adaptation to changing exigencies.I also argue that Progressivism does not express merely subjective or relativistic preferences and values,but objectively preferable and quantifiable ones,that benefit not only our personal lives more but also our global village and communal lives more.

关键词： cultural pluralism conservatism nationalism cosmopolitanism communitarianism

Treatment of Neuropathic Pain with Plant Medicines

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2012年第8期18卷 565-570页

作者： Garima Garg James D.adams Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyUniversity of Southern California1985 Zonal AvenueLos AngelesCA 90089-9121USA

Neuropathic pain is a common and very prevalent disorder affecting the citizens of both developed and developing countries. The approved and licensed drugs for neuropathic pain are reported to have associated side effects. Traditional plant treatments have been used throughout the world for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Among the many medications and other alternative medicines, several herbs are known to cure and control neuropathic pain with no side effects. The present paper discusses the plants with neuropathic pain and related beneficial effects originating from different parts of world that are of current interest.

关键词： neuropathic pain peripheral neuropathy medicinal plants

The RQ-Tech methodology:a new paradigm for conceptualizing strategic enterprise architectures

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Journal of Management Analytics 2014年第1期1卷 55-77页

作者： Christine A.Hoyland Kevin M.adams Andreas Tolka Li D.Xu National Centers for System of Systems Engineering(NCSoSE) Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkUSA University of Maryland University College AdelphiUSA Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkUSA Department of Information Technology and Decision Science Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkUSA

The purpose of this paper is to report on a new system-theoretic based methodology and corresponding model for Enterprise Architecture *** model captures the essence of the strategic,conceptual,doctrinal layer of the *** Quality Technical Architectures(RQ-Tech)graphically reveals a comprehensive array of enterprise decision alternatives in easily understandable views;all while maintaining the hyperlinks to its provenance in strategic authoritative *** RQ-Tech method has combined the practice of Enterprise Architectures with a modern perspective grounded in Systems Theory and the theory regarding the computer science-oriented Semantic *** recombination results in a distinctive methodology for developing *** new methodology supports the conclusion that system-specific solutions produce islands of technology and can be prevented by employing better enterprise change planning.A review of the literature in three major areas illustrates the overlap common to all three *** review provides support for critical thinking concerning how to enrich the Enterprise Architecture *** research centered on finding the most significant factors to consider when translating the authoritative text and rich pictures that enterprise managers use to describe the strategic mission and vision of their complex,service-oriented enterprise into user-oriented semantic *** provides the basis for RQ-Tech as a methodology that enables increased understanding of complex systems through use of Semantic Web standards.

关键词： enterprise architecture systems engineering system of systems engineering strategic management semantic web systems principles