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Treat to target in Crohn’s disease:A practical guide for clinicians

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期30卷 50-69页

作者： Ashish r Srinivasan Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3083Australia Department of Gastroenterology Eastern HealthVictoriaMelbourne 3128Australia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneVictoriaMelbourne 3052Australia

A treat-to-target(T2T)approach applies the principles of early intervention and tight disease control to optimise long-term outcomes in Crohn's *** Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease(STrIDE)-II guidelines specify short,intermediate,and long-term treatment goals,documenting specific treatment targets to be achieved at each of these *** appraisal of Crohn’s disease activity against pre-defined treatment targets at these timepoints remains central to determining whether current therapy should be continued or *** treatment targets in Crohn’s disease comprise combination clinical and patient-reported outcome remission,in conjunction with biomarker normalisation and endoscopic *** the STrIDE-II guidelines endorse the pursuit of endoscopic healing,clinicians must consider that this may not always be appropriate,acceptable,or achievable in all *** underscores the need to engage patients at the outset in an effort to personalise care and individualise treatment *** use of non-invasive biomarkers such as faecal calprotectin in conjunction with cross-sectional imaging techniques,particularly intestinal ultrasound,holds great promise;as do emerging treatment targets such as transmural *** randomised clinical trials,namely,CALM and STArDUST,have evaluated the efficacy of a T2T approach in achieving endoscopic endpoints in patients with Crohn’s *** from these studies reflect that patient subgroups and Crohn’s disease characteristics likely to benefit most from a T2T approach,remain to be ***,outside of clinical trials,data pertaining to the real-world effectiveness of a T2T approach remains scare,highlighting the need for pragmatic real-world *** the obvious promise of a T2T approach,a lack of guidance to support its integration into real-world clinical practice has the potential to limit its *** highlights the need to describe st

关键词： Treat to target Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Treatment targets Endoscopic remission Transmural healing Time to response Intestinal ultrasound

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Control system design for a pressure-tube-type supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactor via a higher order sliding mode method

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 145-154页

作者： M.Hajipour G.r.Ansarifar Department of Nuclear Engineering Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81746-73441Iran

Nuclear power plants exhibit non-linear and time-variable ***,designing a control system that sets the reactor power and forces it to follow the desired load is complicated.A supercritical water reactor(SCWr)is a fourth-generation conceptual *** an SCWr,the non-linear dynamics of the reactor require a controller capable of control-ling the *** this study,a pressure-tube-type SCWr was controlled during reactor power maneuvering with a higher order sliding mode,and the reactor outgoing steam temperature and pressure were controlled *** an SCWr,the temperature,pressure,and power must be maintained at a setpoint(desired value)during power *** point kinetics equations with three groups of delayed neutrons were used in the ***-order and classic sliding mode controllers were separately manufactured to control the plant and were compared with the PI controllers speci-fied in previous *** controlled parameters were reactor power,steam temperature,and ***,for these parameters,the PI controller had certain instabilities in the presence of *** classic sliding mode controller had a higher accuracy and stability;however its main drawback was the chattering *** was highly accurate and stable and had a small computational *** reality,it followed the desired values without oscillations and chattering.

关键词： Supercritical water nuclear reactor Higher order sliding mode controller Steam temperature Steam pressure Point kinetics model

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How completely are randomized controlled trials of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion reported? A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 537-547页

作者： Jacqueline Josee van Ierssel Olivia Galea Kirsten Holte Caroline Luszawski Elizabeth Jenkins Jennifer O’Neil Carolyn A Emery rebekah Mannix Kathryn Schneider Keith Owen Yeates roger Zemek Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada The Centre for Health Activity and Rehabilitation ResearchUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand Sport Injury Prevention research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Alberta Children’s Hospital research Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada Department of Psychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada g Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada School of rehabilitation Sciences University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Bruyere research Institute OttawaON K1N 5C8Canada Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada

Purpose:The study aimed to examine the reporting completeness of randomized controlled trials(rCTs)of non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We searched MEDLINE,Embase,PsycInfo,CINAHL,and Web of Science up to May *** reviewers independently screened studies and assessed reporting completeness using the Template for Intervention Description and replication(TIDier),Consensus on Exercise reporting Template(CErT),and international Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise aNd Training(i-CONTENT)*** information was sought my study authors where reporting was *** of bias(rOB)was assessed with the Cochrane rOB-2 *** examining non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We included 89 rCTs(n=53 high rOB)examining 11 different interventions for concussion:sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise,cervicovestibular therapy,physical/cognitive rest,vision therapy,education,psychotherapy,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,transcranial magnetic stimulation,blue light therapy,osteopathic manipulation,and head/neck *** scores were:TIDier 9/12(75%;interquartile range(IQr)=5;range:5-12),CErT 17/19(89%;IQr=2;range:10-19),and i-CONTENT 6/7(86%;IQr=1;range:5-7).Percentage of studies completely reporting all items was TIDier 35%(31/89),CErT 24%(5/21),and i-CONTENT 10%(2/21).Studies were more completely reported after publication of TIDier(t_(87)=2.08;p=0.04)and CErT(t_(19)=2.72;p=0.01).reporting completeness was not strongly associated with journal impact factor(TIDier:rs=0.27;p=0.01;CErT:r_(s)=-0.44;p=0.06;i-CONTENT:r_(s)=-0.17;p=0.48)or rOB(TIDier:rs=0.11;p=0.31;CErT:rs=0.04;p=0.86;i-CONTENT:rs=0.12;p=0.60).Conclusion:rCTs of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion demonstrate moderate to good reporting completeness,but are often missing key components,particularly modifications,motivational strategies,and qualified *** completeness improved after TIDier and CErT publication,but p

关键词： Concussion Intervention randomized controlled trial Systematic review

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Simple collective model for nuclear chiral mode

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 1-5页

作者： r.V.Jolos E.A.Kolganova D.r.Khamitova Joint Institute for Nuclear research 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia Dubna State University 141982 DubnaMoscow RegionRussia

A simple semi-analytical collective model that takes into account the limitations of the variation interval of the collective variable is suggested to describe the chiral dynamics in triaxial odd−odd nuclei with a fixed particle−hole *** collective Hamiltonian is constructed with the potential energy obtained using the postulated ansatz for the wave function symmetric with respect to chiral *** diagonalizing the collective Hamiltonian the wave functions of the lowest states are obtained and the evolution of the energy splitting of the chiral doublets in transition from chiral vibration to chiral rotation regime is demonstrated.

关键词： collective model nuclear chiral

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Effect of the Implementation of Emonc in the reduction of Maternal Deaths in the Department of Collines from 2018 to 2022

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第2期14卷 259-266页

作者： Joachim Aifa Florence Abraham roger Klikpezo Edgard-Marius Ouendo Badirou Aguemon Faculty of Health Sciences of Cotonou Department of Public Health Cotonou Benin Nursing and Midwifery Training Institute University of Parakou Parakou Benin Assistant in Gynecology-Obstetrics FM-University of Parakou Parakou Benin Full Professor of Public Health and Epidemiology Ouidah Regional Institute of Public Health Ouidah Benin Full Professor of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences of Cotonou Cotonou Benin

Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality remains a public health problem in Benin. Each year, approximately 1500 maternal deaths and more than 12,000 newborn deaths are recorded there. In order to correct the situation, strategies such as the implementation of Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care (EmONC) were initiated. Objective: Determine the rates of maternal deaths in EmONC centers in the Collines department from 2018 to 2022. Framework and Methods: The study took place in Benin precisely in the Collines department. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data collection was carried out during the first two weeks of January 2023 and covered data from the 09 Basic Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care centers (BEMONC) and the Obstetric and Neonatal Care centers of Complete Emergency (CEmONC) of the Collines department from 2018 to 2022. An estimate of the ratios of maternal deaths occurring at the level of the EmONC centers of the Collines department from 2018-2022 was carried out followed by constructive suggestions. results: During the five years (2018 to 2022), the Collines department recorded 42,582 live births with 148 maternal deaths, i.e. a ratio of 348 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Between 2018 and 2022, the highest maternal death ratio was recorded in 2019, i.e. 425 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births for all EmONC centers and 607 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in EmONC centers. The highest maternal death ratio at the BEmONC center level was recorded in 2020, i.e. 129 maternal deaths per 100,000 births. Conclusion: These results suggest that despite the implementation of EmONC in the Collines department, maternal deaths have not decreased. To improve these outcomes for a reduction in maternal deaths, urgent action must be taken.

关键词： Effect BEmONC CEmONC Maternal deaths Department of Collines

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retrospective Cohort Study to Investigate Pregnancy Outcomes in a Population of Advanced Maternal Age Congolese Women of Kinshasa: A Study Protocol

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1398-1406页

作者： Anne Kapinga Mutshiaudi Thérèse Mikoka Walumpumpu Nicodem Nkutu Kimpu Joelle Lumaya Ambis Andy Mbangama Muela roger Mbungu Mwimba Kahindo P. Muyalalo Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa Kinshasa Congo Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Congo

Introduction: Pregnancies at advanced maternal age (AMA) are those occurring after the age of 35 years old. They carry a high risk of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality, thus constituting a public health problem. Several African countries have reported an upward trend in both the age of childbirth and the frequency of women with AMA over the past 20 years. In the Democratic republic of Congo (DrC), where maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality remain very high, data on AMA pregnancies go back more than 20 years. Objective: We propose evaluating obstetrical outcomes among women in AMA in our setting and the associated factors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study will be conducted in two healthcare facilities (ESS) in Kinshasa. The study population will consist of all women who delivered a single fetus after 28 weeks of gestation between January 2012 and December 2022 (10 years) in the selected ESS. The data collected will be analyzed using r software version 4.2.0. Quantitative variables will be summarized as means with standard deviation or medians with interquartile range. Qualitative variables will be presented as proportions (%). Multivariate logistic regression will be used to determine the main maternal-fetal complications associated with AMA and predictors of obstetric outcomes. P Discussion: The high maternal and infant mortality rates in DrC are among the highest in the world. The context of maternal age has become a topic of growing interest due to its potential implications for the health of women and newborns, it is crucial to identify the risk factors associated with obstetric outcomes by identifying obstetrical outcomes associated with advanced maternal age in the DrC. Many Congolese women tend to start their maternity journey at a relatively young age. However, there is also an emerging trend towards delayed childbearing, particularly in urban areas and among women with access to education and family planning services. Conclusion: The re

关键词： Advanced Maternal Age Adverse Maternal and Perinatal Outcome Congolese Women Kinshasa

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Confocal laser endomicroscopy for gastric neoplasm

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第9期16卷 540-544页

作者： Arkadeep Dhali rick Maity roger B rathna Jyotirmoy Biswas Department of Gastroenterology Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustRoyal Hallamshire HospitalSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom School of Medicine and Population Health University of SheffieldSheffield S102HQUnited Kingdom General Medicine Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and ResearchKolkata 700020India Department of Internal Medicine University Hospitals Leicester NHS TrustLeicester Royal InfirmaryLeicester LE15WWUnited Kingdom General Medicine College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta HospitalKolkata 700058India

Confocal laser endomicroscopy(CLE)is a novel endoscopic modality that provides real-time histological information via high-resolution magnified view of the *** has a higher sensitivity,specificity,and diagnostic accuracy in detecting atrophic gastritis as compared to chromoendoscopy and narrow-band *** can even predict low-grade and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia by analyzing gastric pit *** may have some advantages over the standard biopsy protocol,such as higher diagnostic yield and fewer biopsy *** diagnostic accuracy in detecting superficial gastric cancer is higher than that of white-light *** limitations,such as a narrow field of vision,can be surpassed by technological advancements and integration with other detection *** intelligence holds promise in automated analysis of histopathological ***,CLE can be helpful in screening for early gastric cancer and may help reduce the risk of complications from repeated biopsies,such as mucosal damage,bleeding,and infection.

关键词： Confocal laser endomicroscopy Gastric cancer Narrow band imaging Diagnostic yield

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Sex-specific life-history trait expression in hybrids of a cave- and surface-dwelling fish (Poecilia mexicana, Poecilidae)

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 421-429页

作者： rüdiger riesch Luis r.Arriaga Ingo Schlupp Department of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway University of LondonEghamTW20 OEXUK CEFE CNRSUnivMontpellierEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance Department of Biology University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Evaluating the fitness of hybrids can provide important insights into genetic differences between species or diverging *** focused on surface-and cave-ecotypes of the widespread Atlantic molly Poecilia mexicana and raised F1 hybrids of reciprocal crosses to sexual maturity in a common-garden *** were reared in a fully factorial 2 x 2 design consisting of lighting(light ***)and resource availability(high *** food).We quantified survival,ability to realize their full reproductive potential(i.e.,completed maturation for males and 3 consecutive births for females)and essential life-history *** to the performance of pure cave and surface fish from a previous experiment,F1s had the highest death rate and the lowest proportion of fish that reached their full reproductive *** also uncovered an intriguing pattern of sex-specific phenotype expression,because male hybrids expressed cave molly life histories,while female hybrids expressed surface molly life *** results provide evidence for strong selection against hybrids in the cave molly system,but also sug-gest a complex pattern of sex-specific(opposing)dominance,with certain surface molly genes being dominant in female hybrids and certain cavemollygenes beingdominant in malehybrids.

关键词： dominance life-history evolution local adaptation postzygotic isolation selection against hybrids.

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Changes in snow cover extent in the Central Taurus Mountains from 1981 to 2021 in relation to temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 49-67页

作者： Ecmel ErLAT Fulya AYDIN-KANDEMİr Department of Geography Ege UniversityIzmir 35100Türkiye Climate Change and Zero Waste Department Antalya Metropolitan MunicipalityAntalya 07310Türkiye Hydropolitics Association Ankara 06680Türkiye

The snow cover over the Taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower generation in the region. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover Extent(SCE) from November to April in the Central Taurus Mountains(Bolkar, Aladaglar, Tahtali and Binboga Mountains) from 1981 to 2021. Linear trends of snow cover season(November to April) over the last 41 years showed decreases in SCE primarily at lower elevations. The downward trend in SCE was found to be more pronounced and statistically significant for only November and March. SCE in the Central Taurus Mountains has declined about-6.3% per decade for 2500-3000 m in November and about-6.0% per decade for 1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in March over the last 41 years. The loss of SCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in SCE have been observed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 years, which are consistent with an increase in air temperature and decreased precipitation. SCE was correlated with both mean temperature and precipitation, with temperature having a greater relative importance at all elevated gradients. results showed that there is a strong linear relationship between SCE and the mean air temperature(r =-0.80) and precipitation(r = 0.44) for all elevated gradients during the snow season. The Arctic Oscillation(AO), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and the Mediterranean Oscillation(MO) winter indices were used to explain the year-to-year variability in SCE over the Central Taurus Mountains. The results showed that the inter-annual variability observed in the winter SCE on the Central Taurus Mountains was positively correlated with the phases of the winter AO, NAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.

关键词： Snow cover extent Atmospheric teleconnection Central Taurus Mountains Air temperature and precipitation Geographic Information Systems Türkiye

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Neurogenic potential of NG2 in neurotrauma:a systematic review

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2673-2683页

作者： Yuri r.rigo radharani Benvenutti Luis V.Portela Nathan r.Strogulski Departamento de Bioquímica Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences RCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinUniversity of DublinDublinIreland

regenerative approaches towards neuronal loss following traumatic brain or spinal cord injury have long been considered a dogma in neuroscience and remain a cutting-edge area of *** is reflected in a large disparity between the number of studies investigating primary and secondary injury as therapeutic to rgets in spinal co rd and traumatic brain *** advances in biotechnology may have the potential to reshape the current state-of-the-art and bring focus to primary injury neurotrauma *** studies using neural-glial factor/antigen 2(NG2)cells indicate that they may differentiate into neurons even in the developed *** these cells show great potential to play a regenerative role,studies have been conducted to test various manipulations in neurotrauma models aimed at eliciting a neurogenic response from *** the present study,we systematically reviewed the experimental protocols and findings described in the scientific literature,which were peer-reviewed original research articles(1)describing preclinical experimental studies,(2)investigating NG2 cells,(3)associated with neurogenesis and neurotrauma,and(4)in vitro and/or in vivo,available in PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science or SCOPUS,from 1998 to ***,we have reviewed a total of 1504 papers,and summarized findings that ultimately suggest that NG2 cells possess an inducible neurogenic potential in animal models and in *** also discriminate findings of NG2 neurogenesis promoted by different pharmacological and genetic approaches over functional and biochemical outcomes of traumatic brain injury and spinal co rd injury models,and provide mounting evidence for the potential benefits of manipulated NG2 cell ex vivo transplantation in primary injury *** findings indicate the feasibility of NG2 cell neurogenesis strategies and add new players in the development of therapeutic alternatives for neurotrauma.

关键词： neural-glial antigen 2 neural-glial factor 2 neuron differentiation NG2 cell regeneration spinal cord injury(SCI) traumatic brain injury(TBI)

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