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Plant geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases: every (gene) family has a story

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aBIOTECH 2021年第3期2卷 289-298页

作者： M.Victoria Barja manuel rodriguez-Concepcion Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG)CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UAB Bellaterra08193 Barce-lonaSpain Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology(BMCP) CSIC-Universitat Politecnica de Valencia46022 ValenciaSpain

Plant isoprenoids(also known as terpenes or terpenoids)are a wide family of primary and secondary metabolites with multiple *** particular,most photosynthesis-related isoprenoids(including carotenoids and chlorophylls)as well as diterpenes and polyterpenes derive from geranylgeranyl diphosphate(GGPP)produced by GGPP synthase(GGPPS)enzymes in several cell *** genomes typically harbor multiple copies of differentially expressed genes encoding GGPPS-like *** sequence comparisons allow to identify potential GGPPS candidates,experimental evidence is required to ascertain their enzymatic activity and biologi cal ***,functional analyses of the full set of potential GGPPS paralogs are only available for a handful of plant *** we review our current knowledge on the GGPPS families of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the crop species rice(0ryza sativa),pepper(Capsicum annuum)and tomato(Solanum lycopersicum).The results indicate that a major determinant of the biological role of particular GGPPS paralogs is the expression profile of the corresponding genes even though specific interactions with other proteins(including GGPP-consuming enzymes)might also contribute to *** some species,however,a single GGPPS isoforms appears to be responsible for the production of most if not all GGPP required for cell *** the mechanisms regulating GGPPS activity in particular cell compartments,tissues,organs and plant species will be very useful for future metabolic engineering approaches aimed to manipulate the accumulation of particular GGPP-derived products of interest without negatively impacting the levels of other isoprenoids required to sustain essential cell functions.

关键词： Geranylgeranyl diphosphate GGPP GGPP synthase Isoprenoid Isoprenyl transferase

Wavelet-based deconvolution of ultrasonic signals in nondestructive evaluation

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第10期7卷 1748-1756页

作者： HERRERA Roberto Henry OROZCO Rubén rodriguez manuel Department of Informatics University of Cienfuegos Cienfuegos 59430 Cuba CEETI Central University of Las Villas Santa Clara 54830 Cuba Department of Physics Central University of Las Villas Santa Clara 54830 Cuba

In this paper, the inverse problem of reconstructing reflectivity function of a medium is examined within a blind deconvolution framework. The ultrasound pulse is estimated using higher-order statistics, and Wiener filter is used to obtain the ultrasonic reflectivity function through wavelet-based models. A new approach to the parameter estimation of the inverse filtering step is proposed in the nondestructive evaluation field, which is based on the theory of Fourier-Wavelet regularized deconvolution (ForWaRD). This new approach can be viewed as a solution to the open problem of adaptation of the ForWaRD framework to perform the convolution kernel estimation and deconvolution interdependently. The results indicate stable solutions of the esti- mated pulse and an improvement in the radio-frequency (RF) signal taking into account its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and axial resolution. Simulations and experiments showed that the proposed approach can provide robust and optimal estimates of the reflectivity function.

关键词： Blind deconvolution Ultrasonic signals processing Wavelet regularization

New Insights into Plant Isoprenoid Metabolism

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 964-967页

作者： Pablo Pulido Catalina Perello manuel rodriguez-Concepcion Department of Molecular Genetics Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UAB Bellaterra 08193 BarcelonaSpain

Isoprenoids are a hugely diverse family of compounds derived from the C5 precursors isopentenyl diphosphate （IPP） and dimethylallyl diphosphate （DMAPP）. Although all free-living organisms synthesize isoprenoids, they are particularly abun- dant and diverse in plants, with tens of thousands structures known to date. The highest variety of plant isoprenoids are specialized （secondary） metabolites that participate in the interaction of plants with their environment. These include pigments, volatiles, and defense compounds, some of which have applications in industry and agriculture.

关键词： Metabolism Insight Plant

Treatment, residual chlorine and season as factors affecting variability of trihalomethanes in small drinking water systems

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第1期9卷 171-179页

作者： Roberta DYCK Genevieve COOL manuel rodriguez Rehan SADIQ School of Engineering University of British Columbia Okanagan Kelowna V1V 1V7 Canada Ecole superieure d'amenagement du territoire Universite Laval Quebec G1V 0A6 Canada

Seasonal variability in source water can lead to challenges for drinking water providers related to operational optimization and process control in treatment facilities. The objective of this study is to investigate seasonal variability of water quality in municipal small water systems （〈 3000 residents） supplied by surface waters. Residual chlorine and trihalomethanes （THM） were measured over seven years （2003-2009）. Comparisons are made within each system over time, as well as between systems according to the type of their treatment technologies. THM concentrations are generally higher in the summer and autumn. The seasonal variability was generally more pronounced in systems using chlorination plus additional treatment. Chloroform, total THM （TTHM） and residual chlorine concentrations were generally lower in systems using chlorination plus additional treatment. Conversely, brominated THM concentrations were higher in systems using additional treatment. Residual chlorine was highest in the winter and lowest in the spring and summer. Seasonal variations were most pronounced for residual chlorine in systems with additional treatment. There was generally poor correlation between THM concentrations and concentrations of residual chlorine. Further study with these data will be beneficial in finding determinants and indicators for both quantity and variability of disinfection byproducts and other water quality parameters.

关键词： drinking water residual chlorine seasonal variability small municipal systems treatment technologies trihalomethanes

Concentrations of disinfection by-products in swimming pool following modifications of the water treatment process:An exploratory study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 163-172页

作者： Robert Tardif manuel rodriguez Cyril Catto Ginette Charest-Tardif Sabrina Simard Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public HealthUniversité de Montréal NSERC Industrial Research Chair on Drinking Water Université Laval

The formation and concentration of disinfection by-products（DBPs） in pool water and the ambient air vary according to the type of water treatment process used. This exploratory study was aimed at investigating the short-term impact of modifications of the water treatment process on traditional DBP levels（e.g., trihalomethanes（THMs）, chloramines） and emerging DBPs（e.g., Halonitromethanes, Haloketones, NDMA） in swimming pool water and/or air. A sampling program was carried to understand the impact of the following changes made successively to the standard water treatment process： activation of ultraviolet（UV）photoreactor, halt of air stripping with continuation of air extraction from the buffer tank,halt of air stripping and suppression of air extraction from the buffer tank, suppression of the polyaluminium silicate sulfate（PASS） coagulant. UV caused a high increase of Halonitromethanes（8.4 fold）, Haloketones（2.1 fold）, and THMs in the water（1.7 fold） and, of THMs in the air（1.6 fold） and contributed to reducing the level of chloramines in the air（1.6fold） and NDMA in the water（2.1 fold）. The results highlight the positive impact of air stripping in reducing volatile contaminants. The PASS did not change the presence of DBPs, except for the THMs, which decrease slightly with the use of this coagulant. This study shows that modifications affecting the water treatment process can rapidly produce important and variable impacts on DBP levels in water and air and suggests that implementation of any water treatment process to reduce DBP levels should take into account the specific context of each swimming pool.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Swimming pool UV rays Air stripping Chloramines Emerging DBPs NDMA

Astrocytes and retrograde degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease:removing axonal debris

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第4期10卷 554-572页

作者： Ingrid Morales Ricardo Puertas-Avendaño Alberto Sanchez Adrian Perez-Barreto Clara rodriguez-Sabate manuel rodriguez Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology Department of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of MedicineLa Laguna UniversityLa LagunaTenerifeCanary IslandsSpain Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED) MadridSpain

Objective:The dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons(DA cells)in healthy people present a slow degeneration with aging,which produces cellular debris throughout *** 2%-5%of people present rapid cell degeneration of more than 50%of DA cells,which produces Parkinson's disease(PD).Neuroinflammation accelerates the cell degeneration and may be critical for the transition between the slow physiological and the rapid pathological degeneration of DA cells,particularly when it activates microglial cells of the medial forebrain bundle near dopaminergic *** synaptic debris produced by DA cell degeneration may trigger the parkinsonian neuroinflammation,this study investigated the removal of axonal debris produced by retrograde degeneration of DA cells,paying particular attention to the relative roles of astrocytes and ***:Rats and mice were injected in the lateral ventricles with 6-hydroxydopamine,inducing a degeneration of dopaminergic synapses in the striatum which was not accompanied by non-selective tissue damage,microgliosis or *** possible retrograde degeneration of dopaminergic axons,and the production and metabolization of DA-cell debris were studied with immunohistochemical methods and analyzed in confocal and electron microscopy ***:The selective degeneration of dopaminergic synapses in the striatum was followed by a retrograde degeneration of dopaminergic axons whose debris was found within spheroids of the medial forebrain *** spheroids retained mitochondria and most(e.g.,tyrosine hydroxylase,the dopamine transporter protein,and amyloid precursor protein)but not all(e.g.,α-synuclein)proteins of the degenerating dopaminergic *** showed initial(autophagosomes)but not late(lysosomes)components of autophagy(incomplete autophagy).These spheroids were penetrated by astrocytic processes of the medial forebrain bundle,which provided the lysosomes needed to continue the degradation of dopaminergic debri

关键词： Astrocyte Phagocytosis Parkinson's disease Dying-back degeneration Medial forebrain bundle Spheroid

SNOWY COTYLEDON 2 Promotes Chloroplast Development and Has a Role in Leaf Variegation in Both Lotus japonicus and Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2017年第5期10卷 721-734页

作者： Nicola Zagari Omar Sandoval-lbanez Niels Sandal Junyi Su manuel rodriguez-Concepcion Jens Stougaard Mathias Pribil Dario Leister Pablo Pulido Plant Molecular Biology Department of Biology I Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen 82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany Copenhagen Plant Science Center University of Copenhagen 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark Research and Innovation Center Fondazione Edmund Mach via E. Mach 1 38010 San Michele all'Adige Italy Centre for Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 10 8000 Aarhus C Denmark Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UAB Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain

Plants contain various factors that transiently interact with subunits or intermediates of the thylakoid multiprotein complexes, promoting their stable association and integration. Hence, assembly factors are essential for chloroplast development and the transition from heterotrophic to phototrophic growth. Snowy cotyledon 2 （SCO2） is a DNAJ-like protein involved in thylakoid membrane biogenesis and interacts with the light-harvesting chlorophyll-binding protein LHCBI. In Arabidopsis thaliana, SCO2 function was previ- ously reported to be restricted to cotyledons. Here we show that disruption of SC02 in Lotus japonicus results not only in paler cotyledons but also in variegated true leaves. Furthermore, smaller and pale- green true leaves can also be observed in A. thaliana sco2 （atsco2） mutants under short-day conditions. In both species, SCO2 is required for proper accumulation of PSlI-LHCll complexes. In contrast to other variegated mutants, inhibition of chloroplastic translation strongly affects L. japonicus sco2 mutant devel- opment and fails to suppress their variegated phenotype. Moreover, inactivation of the suppressor of variegation AtClpR1 in the atsco2 background results in an additive double-mutant phenotype with variegated true leaves. Taken together, our results indicate that SCO2 plays a distinct role in PSll assembly or repair and constitutes a novel factor involved in leaf variegation.

关键词： SCO2 DNAJ-like photosynthesis assembly factor variegation chloroplast development

Open avenues for carotenoid biofortification of plant tissues

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Plant Communications 2023年第1期4卷 228-237页

作者： Luca Morelli manuel rodriguez-Concepcion Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology(IBMCP) CSIC-Universitat Polite`cnica de Vale`ncia46022 ValenciaSpain Department of Biology&CESAM&ECOMARE Universidade de Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal

Plant carotenoids are plastidial isoprenoids that function as photoprotectants,pigments,and precursors of apocarotenoids such as the hormones abscisic acid and *** do not produce carotenoids but need to obtain them from their diet as precursors of retinoids,including vitamin *** also provide numerous other health *** attempts to improve the carotenoid profile of different crops have been carried out by manipulating carotenoid biosynthesis,degradation,and/or ***,we will focus on open questions and emerging subjects related to the use of biotechnology for carotenoid *** impressive achievements,new efforts should be directed to extend the use of genome-editing technologies to overcome regulatory constraints and improve consumer acceptance of the carotenoid-enriched *** challenge is to prevent off-target effects like those resulting from altered hormone levels and metabolic *** on biofortification of green tissues should also look for new ways to deal with the negative impact that altered carotenoid contents may have on *** a carotenoid-enriched product has been obtained,additional effort should be devoted to confirming that carotenoid intake from the engineered food is also *** involves ensuring post-harvest stability and assessing bioaccessibility of the biofortified product to confirm that release of carotenoids from the food matrix has not been negatively *** addressing these challenges will ensure new milestones in carotenoid biotechnology and biofortification.

关键词： biofortification biotechnology carotenoids plastidial isoprenoids vitamin A

sTWEAK is a marker of early haematoma growth and leukoaraiosis in intracerebral haemorrhage

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 528-535,I0011,I0012页

作者： Andrés da Silva-Candal Iria López-Dequidt manuel rodriguez-Yañez PauloÁvila-Gómez Josémanuel Pumar JoséCastillo Tomás Sobrino Francisco Campos Ramón Iglesias-Rey Pablo Hervella Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory(LINC) Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela(IDIS)Santiago de CompostelaSpain Department of Neurology Hospital Clínico UniversitarioSantiago de CompostelaSpain Department of Neuroradiology Hospital Clínico UniversitarioSantiago de CompostelaSpain

Objective To study the association between early growth of haematoma with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction such as leukoaraiosis(LA)and the soluble tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis(sTWEAK)in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH).Methods This is a retrospective observational study of patients with nontraumatic *** and biochemical parameters were *** levels were measured by *** was analysed in the hemisphere without haemorrhage to avoid interference with the acute *** main endpoint was the haematoma growth evaluated by the difference in volume between the second and the initial *** functional outcome,defined as a modified Rankin Scale>2 at 3 months,was considered as secondary *** operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to stablish the best cut-off for sTWEAK levels associated with haematoma *** We included 653 patients with ICH in our analysis(71.1±11.9 years,44%women).Haematoma growth was observed in 188 patients(28.8%).sTWEAK levels≥5600 pg/mL predicted ICH growth with a sensitivity of 84%and a specificity of 87%.sTWEAK levels≥5600 pg/mL and the presence of LA were associated with haematoma growth(OR:42.46;(CI 95%22.67 to 79.52)and OR:2.73(CI 95%1.39 to 5.34),respectively).Also,the presence of LA(OR:4.31(CI 95%2.89 to 6.42))and the interaction between ICH growth and sTWEAK(OR:2.23(CI 95%1.40 to 3.55))were associated with poor functional outcome at 3 *** sTWEAKs,together with the presence and grade of LA,are biomarkers able to predict ICH growth and poor functional outcome in patients with ICH.

关键词： TWEAK intracerebral specificity