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L-NAME喷雾剂在肝肺综合征中的应用效果

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第10期2卷 54-55页

作者： Gómez F.P. Barberáj.A. Roca j. R.rodrguez-Roisin 宋平 Servei de Pneumologia Hospital ClnicVillarroel 17008036 BarcelonaSpainDr

Enhanced pulmonary production of nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). NO inhibition with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in both animals and humans with HPS has improved arterial hypoxemia. We assessed the role of enhanced NO production in the pathobiology of arterial deoxygenation in HPS and the potential therapeutic efficacy of selective pulmonary NO inhibition. We investigated the effects of nebulized L-NAME (162.0 mg) at 30 and 120 minutes on all intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary factors governing pulmonary gas exchange in 10 patients with HPS (60 ±7 [SD] yr; alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, range 19-76 mmHg; arterial oxygen tension, range 37-89 mmHg). Nebulized L-NAME maximally decreased exhaled NO (by -55%; P < .001), mixed venous nitrite/nitrate (by -12%; P= .02), and cardiac output (by -11%; P= .002) while increased systemic vascular resistance (by 11%; P = .008) and pulmonary vascular resistance (by 25%; P = .03). In contrast, ventilation-perfusion mismatching, intrapulmonary shunt and, in turn, arterial deoxygenation remained unchanged. In conclusion, gas exchange disturbances in HPS may be related to pulmonary vascular remodeling rather than to an ongoing vasodilator effect of enhanced NO production.

关键词：肝肺综合征 L-NAME 喷雾剂治疗作用发病机制病理生物学混合静脉血选择性抑制气体交换

氨基水杨酸与安慰剂治疗具有免疫活性的HIV感染者慢性腹泻和非特异性结肠炎:一项双盲对照的先导性研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 15-16页

作者： rodrguez-Torres M. rodrguez-Orengo j.F. Ros-Bedoya C.F. 成虹 Fundación de Investigaci ón de Diego Avenida De Diego 359 Santurce 00909 Puerto Rico Dr.

Chronic diarrhea and colitis are common in patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) under highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). This prospective doubleblind study explores the effect of mesalamine vs. placebo in HIV-positive patients. Thirteen HIV-infected patients with noninfectious chronic diarrhea and >250CD4+ cells/mm3 were randomized to mesalamine (2.4 g/day; n = 9) or placebo (n = 4) for 6 weeks. Colonoscopy was performed at baseline and week 6, and biopsies were obtained to calculate the Biopsy Activity Index (BAI). Diarrhea was assessed at baseline and end of treatment using the Disease Activity Index (DAI). Patients and clinicians completed Patient Global Improvement index (PGI) and Clinical Global Improvement index (CGI) at weeks 2 and 6. Comparisons at week 6 were statistically significant between mesalamine and placebo groups for BAI (P = 0.03), DAI (P = 0.007), PGI (P = 0.008), and CGI (P = 0.008). Furthermore, maj.r improvements were documented in the mesalamine group at week 6 compared to baseline for all variables, whereas the placebo group did not have any. Mesalamine was effective for treatment of chronic diarrhea and moderate nonspecific colitis in HIV patients.

关键词：非特异性结肠炎安慰剂治疗氨基水杨酸 HIV感染者慢性腹泻免疫活性双盲对照 HIV阳性患者高活性抗逆转录病毒治疗先导性

小切口白内障摘除术和超声乳化白内障吸除术的疗效比较

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(眼科学分册) 2006年第4期 54-55页

作者： Ali′o j. rodrguez-Prats j.L. Galal A. Ramzy M. 潘佳鸿 Dr. Edificio VISSUM Avda. De Denia s/n 03016 Alicante Spain

Purpose: To compare outcomes of microincision cataract surgery (MICS) with coaxial phacoemulsification. Design: Prospective randomized consecutive case series. Participants: One hundred eyes of 50 patients with nuclear or corticonuclear cataract (grades 2+to 4) with Lens Opacities Classification System III. Methods: One hundred eyes (50 patients) were randomly operated through clear corneal incisions using 2 techniques: coaxial phacoemulsification (50 eyes) and microincision cataract surgery (50 eyes). Main Outcome Measures: Mean phacoemulsification time, total phacoemulsification percent, effective phacoemulsification time (EPT) (calculated by multiplying total phacoemulsification time in seconds by the average power percent used), intraoperative total balanced salt solution (BSS) volume, visual outcome, vectorial astigmatic changes, corneal thickness, endothelial cell count, and anterior chamber flare and cells preoperatively and at 1 day, 1 month, and 3months. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between MICS and coaxial phacoemulsification regarding mean incision size, mean total phacoemulsification percent, and EPT. There were no significant differences between the techniques regarding the mean percent of endothelial cell loss, anterior chamber cell count and flare, mean phacoemulsification time, pachymetric measures or total BSS volume utilized, or visual outcome. The vectorial astigmatic changes in the MICS group showed a change of ≤0.25 diopters (D) in 35%of the eyes, 0.25 to 0.5 D in 50%of the eyes, and 0.5 to 1.0 D in 15%of the eyes. These changes were induced by the surgery. Vectorial astigmatic changes of >1 D were not observed. In the coaxial phacoemulsification group, vectorial astigmatic changes of 1.0 D. Mean vectorial astigmatic changes were 0.36±0.23

关键词：超声乳化白内障吸除术小切口白内障摘除术角膜厚度

增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变、增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变和视网膜脱离患者玻璃体腔戊糖素的浓度比较

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(眼科学分册) 2006年第4期 43-44页

作者： Capeans Tomé C. De Roj.s Silva M.V. rodrguez-Garca j. 曹绪胜 Fundación Instituto Galego de Oftalmoloxa Hospital Provincial de Conxo Rúa Ramón Baltar s/n 15706 Santiago de Compostela Spain

Background: Advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs)-are thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetes. Particularly, these products have been implicated in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The maj.rity of these products are formed from a vast range of precursor molecules, the variable chemical nature of which contributes to AGE heterogeneity. There is a growing population of structurally defined AGE adducts such as pyrraline, pentosidine, CML and crossline that have been found to be elevated in diabetic tissues. In the present study, the levels of the glycoxidation product pentosidine were determined in vitreous samples obtained during vitrectomy from eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and retinal detachment (RD). Samples from cadaveric control eyes were also included in the study. The levels of pentosidine were compared among the groups. Methods: Seventy-three vitreous samples were collected from eyes undergoing vitrectomy for PDR (n=33), PVR (n=28) and RD (n=12). Eighteen samples from cadaveric control eyes were also included in the study. A modified Bradford’s method was used to assay protein content, and vitreous levels of pentosidine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography after acid hydrolysis and pretreatment with SP-Sephadex. Statistical analyses were performed using a two-sided Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The levels of pentosidine [median (interquartile range)]were 0.92 (0.55-1.26) pmol/mg of protein in the PDR cases, 1.12 (0.46-1.80) pmol/mg of protein in PVR, and 1.02 (0.24-1.44) pmol/mg of protein in RD. In the cadaveric control eyes pentosidine levels were 0.97 (0.68-1.30) pmol/mg of protein. The pentosidine levels of the four groups did not differ significantly. Conclusions: The levels of the glycoxidation product pentosidine (expressed as pmol/mg of protein) in the vitreous of eyes with PDR do not differ significantly from those

关键词：增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变糖尿病视网膜病变视网膜脱离戊糖五碳糖单糖患者

西班牙恶性黑素瘤发病率停止上升了吗?分析1975～2001年的趋势

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 3-4页

作者： Cayuela A. rodrguez-Domnguez S. Lapetra-Peralta j. Conej.-Mir j.S. 张宪旗 Research Department Virgen del Roco University Hospitals Avenida de Manuel Siurot s/n 41013 Seville Spain

Background:There have been suggestions that mortality from cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is starting to level off in the European ***:To analyse changes in CMM mortality trends in Spain during 1975-2001 using j.in-point regression models. Methods Mortality data were obtained from the National Statistics Institute. For each gender, age group-specific and standardized (overall and truncated) rates were calculated by the direct method (using the world standard population). The j.inpoint analysis was used to identify the best-fitting points where a statistically significant change in the trend occurred. Results:In women, there was a marked increase from 1975 to 1994 inage-adj.sted(overall and truncated)CMM mortality rates estimated annual percentage change (EAPC)6.6%and 7.0%, respectively; P j.sted (35-64 years) mortality rates increased steadily from 1975 to 1991 (EAPC 9.1%, P < 0.05) and then levelled off. Conclusions:We confirmed that CMM mortality rates in Spain rose dramatically from the mid-1970s to the beginning of the 1990s, but we also found that mortality rates are now levelling offin middle-aged adults(35-64years),following a similar tendency to that observed in other countries.

关键词：恶性黑素瘤世界标准计学回归模型分析人口数据无显著性差异性统年龄组

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老年患者的急性下消化道出血

世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 10-11页

作者： Ros A. Montoya M.j. rodrguez j.M. 王志宇 Avenida de la Libertad 208 Casillas 30007 Murcia Spain Dr.

Age is a risk factor in acute lower gastrointestinal hemorrhages (LGIH). The obj.ctives here were to analyze: (1) diagnostic and therapeutic handling, (2) related morbidity and mortality, (3) the indications for surgery, and (4) the evolution of acute LGIH in patients ≥80 years. Forty-three patients ≥80 years with acute LGIH were reviewed retrospectively. In 86%(n = 37) related co-morbidities were found, in 9%(n = 4) there had been prior colorectal surgery, 19%(n = 8) were antiaggregated, and 7%(n = 3) were anticoagulated. One hundred thirty-two cases of acute LGIH in patients < 80 years were used as a control group. Student’s t test and the chi-square test were applied. On arrival at the emergency ward 11 cases (26%) had hemodynamic instability and 8 of these were stabilized using conservative measures. In 39 cases an endoscopy was performed, allowing for an etiological diagnosis in 59%(n = 23) of cases, above all in those carried out in an urgent or semiurgent way. The arteriography permitted an etiological diagnosis in two of the four cases in which it was carried out. In seven patients (16%) urgent surgery was indicated: three were hemorrhoidectomies, three were subtotal colectomies, and one was a resection of the small intestine. The morbidity rate was 10%(n = 4) in the patients who were not treated and 14%(n = 1) in those treated, with a mortality rate of 8%(n = 3) and 14%(n = 1), respectively. The rate of relapse of bleeding after discharge from hospital was 42%(n = 18), with nine of these needing to be readmitted into hospital. In comparison with the control group, they present a different bleeding etiology (diverticulosis as opposed to the benign anal-rectal and small intestinal pathology in the younger population; P = 0.017), surgery is indicated with less frequency (9 versus 33%; P = 0.007), and there is a higher relapse rate (42 versus 26%; P = 0.045). Acute LGIH in geriatric patients relents in most cases with the use of conservative measures, although

关键词：下消化道出血结肠直肠手术手术指征小肠病变痔切除术结肠次全切除术出血率血流动力学肠切除术病因学诊断

Effect of laser shock processing on erosive resistance of 6061-T6 aluminum

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第6期26卷 1522-1530页

作者： j.IBARRA E.RODRíGUEZ O.j.MéNEZ G.GóMEZ-ROSAS M.FLORES j.VERDUZCO j.CHáVEZ Universidad de Guadalaj.ra Departamento de Ingeniería de Proyectos Universidad de Guadalaj.ra Departamento de Física Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías

Application of laser shock processing （LSP） on 6061-T6 aluminum was made in order to evaluate its response to the erosive wear by silica sand. Impact angles of 15° , 30° , 60° and 90° were tested, two particle speeds （37 and 58 m/s） and two LSP irradiation conditions were used. Erosion marks were characterized by 3D profilometry and SEM analysis was conducted to identify the erosion mechanisms for each tested angle. The results showed a maximum erosive wear at low impact angles （ductile type behavior）. Erosion strength and the erosion mechanisms were not affected by the application of LSP and they were attributed to the high strain rate of the erosion phenomena. A few differences encountered on the erosion plots were explained on the basis of the surface roughness left by the LSP process. The maximum mass loss and the maximum erosion penetration happened in different impact angles （15° and 30° , respectively）. Finally, a well-defined erosion mechanism transition was observed, from cutting action at low impact angle, to crater formation at 90° of incidence.

关键词： 6061-T6 aluminum erosive wear laser shock processing

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急性胃肠炎使炎症性肠病发生的风险增加

世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第10期2卷 28-28页

作者： rodrguez L.A.G. Ruigóomez A. Panés j. 纪泛扑 Centro Espaol de Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica MadridSpain

Background &Aims: Bacterial intestinal infections have been implicated as a possible cause of exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We explored the relationship between infectious gastroenteritis and the occurrence of IBD using data from the General Practice Research Database. Methods: A cohort of patients aged 20-74 years with an episode of acute infectious gastroenteritis (n = 43,013) was identified. From the same source population, an age-, sex-, and calendar time-matched control group free of gastroenteritis was sampled (n = 50,000). Both cohorts were followed up for a mean duration of 3.5 years. Results: The estimated incidence rate of IBD was 68.4 per 100,000 person-years after an episode of gas troenteritis and 29.7 per 100,000 person-years in the control cohort. The hazard ratio of IBD was 2.4 (95%confidence interval [CI], 1.7-3.3) in the gastroenteritis cohort compared with the control cohort, and the excess risk was greater during the first year after the infective episode (hazard ratio, 4.1; 95%CI, 2.2-7.4). The relative risk of developing Crohn’s disease in the gastroenteritis cohort was greater than that of ulcerative colitis, especially during the first year after the infective episode (hazard ratio, 6.6; 95%CI, 1.9-22.4). Conclusions: Our results are compatible with the hypothesis that infectious agents causing an episode of infectious gastroenteritis could play a role in the initiation and/or exacerbation of IBD.

关键词：炎症性肠病肠道细菌感染克罗恩病研究数据库全科医疗溃疡性结肠炎感染性相对风险

发生于血液透析用瘘管上的局限性大疱性类天疱疮

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第1期1卷 39-39页

作者： Pardo j. rodrguez-Serna M. Mercader P. Fortea j.M. 张宪旗

Two cases of bullous pemphigoid exclusively limited to the skin overlying a hemodialysis fistula in patients with chronic renal failure are *** is an unusual association, but should be taken into account in the differ... 详细信息

关键词：血液透析大疱性疾病大疱性类天疱疮慢性肾衰患者造瘘口鉴别诊断