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Depicting the battle between nectarine and Monilinia laxa:the fruit developmental stage dictates the effectiveness of the host defenses and the pathogen’s infection strategies

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 619-633页

作者： Marta Balsells-Llauradó Christian j.Silva josep Usall Núria Vall-llaura Sandra Serrano-Prieto Neus Teixidó Saskia D.Mesquida-Pesci Antonieta de Cal Barbara Blanco-Ulate Rosario torres IRTA XaRTA-PostharvestEdifici FruitcentreParc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida25003 LleidaCataloniaSpain Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Plant Protection INIACtra.de La Coruña Km.728040 MadridCommunity of MadridSpain

Infections by the fungus Monilinia laxa,the main cause of brown rot in Europe,result in considerable losses of stone ***,we present a comprehensive transcriptomic approach to unravel strategies deployed by nectarine fruit and *** during their *** used ***-inoculated immature and mature fruit,which was resistant and susceptible to brown rot,respectively,to perform a dual RNA-Seq *** immature fruit,host responses,pathogen biomass,and pathogen transcriptional activity peaked at 14–24 h post inoculation(hpi),at which point *** appeared to switch its transcriptional response to either quiescence or *** fruit experienced an exponential increase in host and pathogen activity beginning at 6 *** analyses in both host and pathogen highlighted differences in stage-dependent *** example,in immature fruit,*** unsuccessfully employed carbohydrate-active enzymes(CAZymes)for penetration,which the fruit was able to combat with tightly regulated hormone responses and an oxidative burst that challenged the pathogen’s survival at later time *** contrast,in mature fruit,*** was more dependent on proteolytic effectors than CAZymes,and was able to invest in filamentous growth early during the *** analyses of mature fruit infected with *** indicated that,while jasmonic acid activity was likely useful for defense,high ethylene activity may have promoted susceptibility through the induction of ripening ***,we identified *** genes that were highly induced in both quiescent and active infections and may serve as targets for control of brown rot.

关键词： fruit pathogen strategies

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Mesophyll thickness and sclerophylly among Calotropis procera morphotypes reveal water-saved adaptation to environments

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journal of Arid Land 2019年第6期11卷 795-810页

作者： Marcelo F POMPELLI Keila R MENDES Marcio V RAMOS jose N B SANTOS Diaa T A YOUSSEF jaqueline D PEREIRA Laurício ENDRES Alfredo jARMA-OROZCO rodolfo SOLANO-GOMES Betty jARMA-ARROYO Andre L j SILVA Marcos A SANTOS Werner C ANTUNES Plant Physiology Laboratory Department of BotanyFederal University of PernambucoRecife 50670901Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University of CearáFortaleza 60020603Brazil Department of Natural Products Faculty of PharmacyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Institute of Botany Federal University of ViçosaRio Paranaíba CampusRio Paranaiba 36570900Brazil Plant Ecophysiology Laboratory Federal University of AlagoasMaceio 57072900Brazil Faculty of Agricultural Science University of CórdobaMontería 230002Colombia Instituto Politécnico Nacional Research Interdisciplinary Center for Integrated Rural DevelopmentSanta Cruz XoxocotlanOaxaca 7738Mexico Department of Biology University of MaringáMaringá87020900Brazil

Calotropis procera(Aiton)Dryand(Apocynaceae)is a native species in tropical and subtropical Africa and ***,due to its fast growing and drought-tolerant,it has become an invasive species when it was introduced into Central and South America,as well as the Caribbean ***,*** displays a wide distribution in the *** is important,in particular,because many invasive species exert a high reproductive pressure on the invaded communities or are highly productive in their new distributed *** has been suggested that a very deep root system and a high capacity to reduce stomatal conductance during water shortage could allow this species to maintain the water status required for a normal ***,the true mechanism behind the successful distribution of *** across wet and dry environments is still *** leaves were collected from 12 natural populations in Brazil,Colombia and Mexico,ranging from wet to dry environments during 2014–*** traits of morphology and anatomy from these distinct morphotypes were *** found that *** leaves had a considerable capacity to adjust their morphological,anatomical and physiological traits to different *** magnitude of acclimation responses,i.e.,plasticity,had been hypothesized to reflect the specialized adaptation of plant species to a particular ***,allometric models for leaf area(LA)estimation cannot be grouped as a single *** are narrower and thicker with low amounts of air spaces inside the leaf parenchyma in wet environments,while they are broader and thinner with a small number of palisade cell layers in dry *** on these,we argue that broader and thinner leaves of *** dissipate incident energy at the expense of a higher rate of transpiration to survive in environments in which water is the most limiting factor and to compete in favorable wet environments.

关键词： invasive plant energy budget leaf anatomy morphological trait specific leaf area

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Are eavesdroppers multimodal？ Sensory exploitation of floral signals by a non-native cockroach Blatta orientalis

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Current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 162-174页

作者： Rodrigo C. VERGARA Alejandra torres-ARANEDA Diego A. VILLAGRA Robert A. RAGUSO Mary T. K. ARROYO Cristian A. VILLAGRA Instituto de Ecologfa y Biodiversidad IEB Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile Centro de Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente Departamento de Qufmica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Tarapaca Arica Chile Department of Neurobiology and Behavior Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Instituto de Entomologfa Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educacion Casilla 147 SantiagoChile

The study of multi-modal communication has only recently been extended to innate and learned interactions between flowers and their animal visitors, and usually only to pollinators. Here we studied the relevance of floral scent and visual display of a night blooming, putatively hawkmoth-pollinated plant Oenothera acaulis （Onagraceae） in the attraction of non-native cockroaches Blatta orientalis （Blattodea： Blattidae）, which function as facultative floral larcenists in coastal habitats of central Chile. We experimentally decoupled visual （corolla） and olfactory （fragrance） stimuli by presenting paper corollas and green mesh bags, with or without a freshly-picked natural flower inside. We then contrasted the behavioral responses of roaches in these treatments with those to the natural combination of traits in actual flowers and their respective control treatments, measuring the roaches＇ frequency of first visits, mean and total residence time spent in each treatment. The roaches primarily used olfactory cues when approaching O. acaulis flowers at two biologically relevant spatial scales. In addition, the presence of conspecific roaches had a strong influence on recruitment to the experimental arena, increasing the statistical differences among treatments. Our results suggest a primacy of floral fragrance over visual stimuli in the foraging responses of B. orientalis. Olfactory cues were necessary and sufficient to attract the roaches, and the visual cues presented in our manipulations only marginally increased their attraction within a 20 cm diameter of the stimulus. The full spectrum of floral visitation behavior was not elicited by the artificial flowers, suggesting the need for additional tactile or contact chemosensory stimuli not provided by paper. Although the nitrogenous scent compounds that we found in O. acaulis flowers are almost exclusively found in hawkmoth-pollinated flowers, the attractiveness of these compounds to a non-native, facultative flower-visiti

关键词： Flower fragrance Corolla visual display Larcenists Night-blooming plants

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Dynamics of coastline changes in Mexico

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journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第10期29卷 1637-1654页

作者： VALDERRAMA-LANDEROS Luis H. MARTELL-DUBOIS Raúl RESSL Rainer SILVA-CASARíN rodolfo CRUZ-RAMíREZ Cesia j. MUNOZ-PEREZ juan j. National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity Liga Periferico-Insurgentes Sur 4903 Col. Parques del Pedregal Del. Tlalpan Ciudad de Mexico. C.P. 14010 Mexico Instituto de Ingeniería UNAM Circuito Escolar s/n Ciudad UniversitariaDelegacion Coyoacan Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 04510 Mexico Physical Oceanography Cadiz University Dpto.de Física Aplicada CASEM11150 Puerto Real (Cadiz) Spain

The goal of our work was to locate and quantify changes that occurred in 66% of the Mexican coastline, based on four land cover maps generated by the Mexican Mangrove Monitoring System(SMMM) of the National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity(CONABIO) for the years 1970/81, 2005, 2010, and 2015. Our results showed overall dominance of erosion over accretion processes, beaches being the most affected coastal land cover. Emphasis was placed on identification and description of coastline sites in which land was either continuously lost(erosion) or gained(accretion) during the studied time periods. These sites were defined as continuous unidirectional dynamic sites and were compared with previous knowledge about the geodynamics of Mexican coasts. Continuous unidirectional dynamic sites were distributed throughout the study area and within all land cover types, but predominantly corresponded to areas covered by mangroves in the states of Campeche and Nayarit. Finally, we found an intensification of coastal erosion-accretion processes over time;coastline change rates having duplicated between the earliest(1970/81–2005) and the two more recent(2005–2010, and 2010–2015) analysed time periods, with erosion rates for each corresponding period of –3 m/yr,–7.5 m/yr, and –7.3 m/yr,and accretion rates of 2.8 m/yr, 7.3 m/yr, and 6.9 m/yr, respectively.

关键词： changes in Mexican coastline Mexico coast erosion coast accretion

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High-elevation hypoxia impacts perinatal physiology and performance in a potential montane colonizer

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 544-557页

作者： jérémie SOUCHET Eric j.GANGLOFF Gaëlle MICHELI Coralie BOSSU Audrey TROCHET Romain BERTRAND jean CLOBERT Olivier CALVEZ Albert MARTINEZ-SILVESTRE Elodie DARNET Hugo LE CHEVALIER Olivier GUILLAUME Marc MOSSOLL-torres Laurent BARTHE Gilles POTTIER HervéPHILIPPE Fabien AUBRET Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique MoulisFrance Department of Zoology Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA Catalonia Reptile and Amphibian Rescue Center(CRARC) MasquefaBarcelonaSpain Bomosa Pl.Parc de la MolaLes EscaldesAndorra Pirenalia EncampAndorra Nature En Occitanie ToulouseFrance Département de Biochimie Centre Robert-CedergrenUniversitéde MontréalMontréalCanada

Climate change is generating range shifts in many organisms,notably along the elevational gradient in mountainous ***,moving up in elevation exposes organisms to lower oxygen availability,which may reduce the successful reproduction and development of oviparous *** test this possibility in an upwardcolonizing species,we artificially incubated developing embryos of the viperine snake(Natrix maura)using a split-clutch design,in conditions of extreme high elevation(hypoxia at 2877 m above sea level;72%sea-level equivalent O2 availability)or low elevation(control group;*** at 436 m above sea level).Hatching success did not differ between the two *** developing at extreme high elevation had higher heart rates and hatched earlier,resulting in hatchlings that were smaller in body size and slower swimmers compared to their siblings incubated at lower ***,post-hatching reciprocal transplant of juveniles showed that snakes which developed at extreme high elevation,when transferred back to low elevation,did not recover full performance compared to their siblings from the low elevation incubation *** results suggest that incubation at extreme high elevation,including the effects of hypoxia,will not prevent oviparous ectotherms from producing viable young,but may pose significant physiological challenges on developing offspring in *** early-life performance limitations imposed by extreme high elevation could have negative consequences on adult phenotypes,including on fitness-related traits.

关键词： developmental plasticity embryonic metabolism high-elevation hypoxia locomotor performance Natrix maura

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Wavefront-optimized surface retreatments of refractive error following previous laser refractive surgery: a retrospective study

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 22-28页

作者： Kevin M.Broderick Rose K Sia Denise S.Ryan Richard D.Stutzman Michael j.Mines Travis C.Frazier Mark F.torres Kraig S.Bower Ophthalmology Service Walter Reed National Military Medical Center8901 Wisconsin AvenueBethesdaMD 20814USA Warfighter Refractive Eye Surgery Program and Research Center Ft.BelvoirVAUSA Ophthalmology Service Madigan Army Medical CenterTacomaWAUSA The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Background:Retreatments are sometimes necessary to correct residual or induced refractive errors following refractive *** different combinations of primary treatment methods and retreatment techniques have been studied,however,few studies have investigated wavefront-optimized(WFO)technology for retreatment following primary refractive *** study aimed to report the outcomes of WFO photorefractive keratectomy(PRK)retreatments of refractive error following previous laser refractive surgery with PRK,laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK),or laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy(LASEK).Methods:We reviewed records of patients who underwent WFO PRK retreatments using the Allegretto Wave Eye-Q 400 Hz Excimer Laser System(Alcon Surgical)between january 2008 and April 2011 at Walter Reed Army Medical Center and Madigan Army Medical *** were recorded in terms of uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA),manifest refraction spherical equivalent(MRSE),corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),and complications at 1 month(M),3 M,and 6 M ***:Seventy-eight patients(120 eyes)underwent WFO PRK retreatment during the study *** surgery was surface ablation in 87 eyes(78 PRK,9 LASEK)and LASIK in 33 *** mean spherical equivalent before retreatment was−0.79±0.94 D(−3.00 to 1.88 D).UDVA was≥20/20 in 69 eyes(60.0%)at 1 M,54 eyes(71.1%)at 3 M,and 27 eyes(73.0%)at 6 M *** was within±0.50 D of emmetropia in 78 eyes(67.8%)at 1 M,59 eyes(77.6%)at 3 M,and 25 eyes(67.6%)at 6 M *** was maintained within±1 line of pre-op in 113 of 115 eyes(98.3%)at 1 M,74 of 76 eyes(97.4%)at 3 M,and 37 eyes(100%)at 6 M ***:Although follow-up was limited beyond 3 M,WFO PRK retreatments in patients with residual refractive error may be a safe and effective *** studies are necessary to determine the long-term safety and stability of outcomes.

关键词： Wavefront-optimized PRK LASIK LASEK Retreatment Enhancement

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Chemical and microbiological characterization of tinctures and microcapsules loaded with Brazilian red propolis extract

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journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第5期7卷 280-287页

作者： Erika Tayse da Cruz Almeida Maria Cristina Delgado da Silva josé Marcos dos Santos Oliveira Regianne Umeko Kamiya rodolfo Elleson dos Santos Arruda Danilo Abreu Vieira Valdemir da Costa Silva Pierre Barnabé Escodro Irinaldo Diniz Basílio-júnior Ticiano Gomes do Nascimento Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade e Análise de Fármacos Medicamentos e AlimentosCurso de FarmáciaEscola de Enfermagem e FarmáciaUniversidade Federal de AlagoasCampus A.C.SimõesBR 104 Norte-Km 97MaceióAL.CEP:57072-970Brazil Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade Microbiológico de Alimentos Faculdade de NutriçãoUniversidade Federal de AlagoasCampus A.C.SimõesBR 104 Norte/Km 97MaceióAL.CEP:57072-970Brazil

The aim of this study was to characterize tinctures and microcapsules loaded with an ethanol extract of red propolis through chemical, physicochemical and microbiological assays in order to establish quality control tools for nutraceutical preparations of red propolis. The markers(isoflavonoids, chalcones, pterocarpans,flavones, phenolic acids, terpenes and guttiferones) present in the tinctures A and B were identified and confirmed using LC/ESI/FTMS/Orbitrap. Four compositions(A, B, C and D) were prepared to contain B tincture of the red propolis with some pharmaceutical excipients and submitted to two drying processes, i. ***-drying and freeze-drying to obtain microcapsules loaded with the red propolis extract. The tinctures and microcapsules of the red propolis were submitted to the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity *** antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) were tested using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strains. The tinctures and microcapsules presented high flavonoid quantities from 20.50 to 40.79 mg/100 mg of the microcapsules. The antioxidant activity and IC50 were determined for the tinctures A and B(IC50: 6.95 μg/m L and 7.48 μg/m L), the spray-dried microcapsules(IC50: 8.89–15.63 μg/m L) and the freeze-dried microcapsules(IC50: 11.83–23.36 μg/m L). The tinctures and microcapsules were proved to be bioactive against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with inhibition halos superior to 10 mm at concentration of 200 μg/m L and MIC values of 135.87–271.74 μg/m L using gram-positive strain and 271.74–543.48 μg/m L using gram-negative strain. The tinctures and microcapsules of the red propolis have a potential application for nutraceutical products.

关键词： Red propolis Tinctures Microcapsules Isoflavonoids LC/ESI/FTMS/Orbitrap Antioxidant activity Antibacterial activity

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An acute naproxen dose does not affect core temperature or Interleukin-6 during cycling in a hot environment

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第4期3卷 243-251页

作者： Dawn M.Emerson Stephen CL.Chen Toni M.torres-McGehee Craig E.Pfeifer Charles C.Emerson j.Mark Davis Department of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Scienceand Athletic TrainingSchool of Health ProfessionsUniversity of Kansas Medical Center3901 Rainbow BlvdMS 2002Kansas CityKansas66160USA. Division of Exercise and Sport Science Bob Jones University1700 Wade Hampton BlvdGreenvilleSouth Carolina29614USA. Department of Exercise Science Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South Carolina921 Assembly StreetColumbiaSC29208USA Applied Sport and Exercise Sciences The ParkUniversity of GloucestershireCheltenham GL502RHUnited Kingdom. Department of Athletics 5100 Rockhill Rd SRC 201University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMissouri64110USA.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs’anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory effects has led some individuals to theorize these medications may blunt core body temperature(Tc)increases during *** utilized a double-blind,randomized,and counterbalanced cross-over design to examine the effects of a 24-h naproxen dose(3–220 mg naproxen pills)and placebo(0 mg naproxen)on Tc and plasma interleukin-6(IL-6)concentrations during cycling in a hot or ambient ***(n=11;6 male,5 female;age=27.8±6.5 years,weight=79.1±17.9 kg,height=177±9.5 cm)completed 4 conditions:1)placebo and ambient(Control);2)placebo and heat(Heat);3)naproxen and ambient(Npx);and 4)naproxen and heat(NpxHeat).Dependent measures were taken before,during,and immediately after 90 min of cycling and then 3 h after ***,Tc significantly increased pre-(37.1±0.4℃)to post-cycling(38.2±0.3℃,F_(1.7,67.3)=150.5,p<0.001)and decreased during rest(37.0±0.3℃,F_(2.0,81.5)=201.6,p<0.001).Rate of change or maximum Tc were not significantly different between ***-6 increased pre-(0.54±0.06 pg/ml)to post-exercise(2.46±0.28 pg/ml,p<0.001)and remained significantly higher than pre-at 3 h post-(1.17±0.14 pg/ml,95%CI=-1.01 to-0.23,p=0.001).No significant IL-6 differences occurred between conditions.A 24-h,over-the-counter naproxen dose did not significantly affect Tc or IL-6 among males and females cycling in hot or ambient environments.

关键词： Cytokine Exertional heat illness NSAIDs Thermoregulation Exercise

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Prevalence of and risk factors for erectile dysfunction in young nondiabetic obese men:results from a regional study

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Asian journal of Andrology 2020年第4期22卷 372-378页

作者： María Molina-Vega Maite Asenjo-Plaza María joséBanderas-Donaire María Dolores Hernández-Ollero Silvia Rodríguez-Moreno juan jálvarez-Millán Pablo Cabezas-Sanchez Fernando Cardona-Díaz juan Alcaide-torres Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez Daniel Castellano-Castillo Francisco j Tinahones joséC Fernández-García Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital(IBIMA)Málaga UniversityMálaga 29010Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición(CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Cruz de Humilladero Primary Care Center Málaga 29010Spain Teatinos Primary Care Center Málaga 29010Spain Chemical Sanitary Consulting(CQS Lab) Madrid 28003Spain

Erectile dysfunction(ED),a condition closely related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality,is frequently associated with *** this study,we aimed to determine the prevalence of ED and evaluate the associated risk factors in a cohort of 254 young(18–49 years)nondiabetic obese(body mass index[BMI]≥30 kg m−2)men from primary *** function(International Index of Erectile Function[IIEF-5]questionnaire),quality of life(Aging Males'Symptoms[AMS scale]),and body composition analysis(Tanita MC-180MA)were *** testosterone was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography–mass *** logistic regression analysis was used to study the factors associated with *** prevalence was 42.1%.Subjects with ED presented higher BMI,waist circumference,number of components of the metabolic syndrome,AMS score,insulin resistance,and a more unfavorable body composition than those without *** logistic regression analysis showed that a pathological AMS score(odds ratio[OR]:4.238,P40%of subjects.A pathological AMS score,the degree of obesity,and age were positively associated with ED,while elevated HDL-cholesterol levels were inversely associated with the odds of presenting *** prospective studies are needed to evaluate the long-term consequences of ED in this population.

关键词： Aging Males'Symptoms score erectile dysfunction International Index of Erectile Function-5 questionnaire obesity testosterone

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Tetrapartite entanglement measures of W-class in noninertial frames

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第7期28卷 122-130页

作者： Ariadna j. torres-Arenas Edgar O. Lopez-Zuniga j. Antonio Saldana-Herrera Qian Dong Guo-Hua Sun Shi-Hai Dong Laboratorio de Información Cuantica CIDETEC Instituto Politecnico Nacional UPALM CDMX 07700 Mexico Facultad de Ciencias Fisico Matematicas Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon San Nicolas de los Garza NL 66450 Mexico Catedratica CONACyT Centro de Investigacion en Computacion Instituto Politecnico Nacional UPALM CDMX 07738 Mexico

We present the entanglement measures of a tetrapartite W-class entangled system in a noninertial frame, where the transformation between Minkowski and Rindler coordinates is *** cases are ***, when one qubit has uniform acceleration whilst the other three remain ***, when two qubits have nonuniform accelerations and the others stay *** 1–1 tangle, 1–3 tangle, and whole entanglement measurements π4 and Π4, are studied and illustrated with graphics through their dependence on the acceleration parameter rd for the first case and rc and rd for the second *** is found that the negativities(1–1 tangle and 1–3 tangle) and π-tangle decrease when the acceleration parameter rd or in the second case rc and rd increase, remaining a nonzero entanglement in the majority of the *** means that the system will be always entangled except for special *** is shown that only the 1–1 tangle for the first case vanishes at infinite accelerations, but for the second case the 1–1 tangle disappears completely when r > *** analytical expression for the von Neumann information entropy of the system is found and we note that it increases with the acceleration parameter.

关键词： W-class tetrapartite entanglement Dirac field noninertial frames nonuniform acceleration

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