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The detrimental effects of lipopolysaccharideinduced neuroinflammation on adult hippocampal neurogenesis depend on the duration of the pro-inflammatory response

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第5期14卷 817-825页

作者： Martha Pérez-Domínguez Evangelina ávila-Mu?oz Eduardo Domínguez-Rivas Angélica Zepeda Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas.Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is a finely tuned process regulated by extrinsic factors. Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of several pathological conditions underlying dysregulation of neurogenesis. In animal models, lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced neuroinflammation leads to a neurogenic decrease mainly associated to the early inflammatory response. However, it is not well understood how the neuroinflammatory response progresses over time and if neurogenesis continues to be diminished during the late neuroinflammatory response. Moreover, it is unknown if repeated intermittent administration of LPS along time induces a greater reduction in neurogenesis. We administered one single intraperitoneal injection of LPS or saline or four repeated injections(one per week) of LPS or saline to young-adult mice. A cohort of new cells was labeled with three 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine injections(one per day) 4 days after the last LPS injection. We evaluated systemic and neuroinflammation-associated parameters and compared the effects of the late neuroinflammatory response on neurogenesis induced by each protocol. Our results show that 1) a single LPS injection leads to a late pro-inflammatory response characterized by microglial activation, moderate astrocytic reaction and increased interleukin-6 levels. This response correlates in time with decreased neurogenesis and 2) a repeated intermittent injection of LPS does not elicit a late pro-inflammatory response although activated microglia persists. The latter profile is not accompanied by a continued longterm hippocampal neurogenic decrease. Hereby, we provide evidence that the neuroinflammatory response is a dynamic process that progresses in a milieu-dependent manner and does not necessarily lead to a neurogenic decrease, highlighting the complex interaction between the immune system and neurogenesis.

关键词： dentate gyrus subgranular zone inflammation microglia astrocytes IL-6 cytokines cell proliferation neural progenitor cells immature neurons long-term short-term adult hippocampal neurogenesis

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What is the most effective exercise protocol to improve cardiovascular fitness in overweight and obese subjects？

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第4期6卷 454-461页

作者： Eliane Aparecida Castro Ana Belen Peinado Pedro Jose Benito MercedeS Galindo Marcela Gonzalez-Gross rocio Cupeiro Department of Health and Human Performance Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Universidad Polit~cnica de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain LFE Research Group Universidad PolitOcnica de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Universidad Politecnica de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain ImFINE Research Group Universidad PolitOcnica de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain

Background: Increased peak oxygen consumption(VO2 peak) can reduce cardiovascular risks associated with obesity. Our aim was to analyze the effect of a weight loss program on cardiovascular fitness in overweight(W) and obese(O) ***: One hundred and sixty-seven subjects(77 males and 90 females), aged 18–50 years, performed a modified Bruce protocol before(pre)and after(post) a weight loss program of 24 weeks. This program combined physical training(strength, S; endurance, E; combined strength + endurance, SE; or physical activity recommendation, PA) 3 times per week, with a 25%–30% caloric restriction ***: VO2 peak improved in overweight and obese males(pre and post values in L/min, respectively; W = 3.2 ± 0.6 vs. 3.7 ± 0.5, p < 0.001;O = 3.6 ± 0.6 vs. 3.8 ± 0.6, p = 0.013) as well as in overweight females(2.0 ± 0.3 vs. 2.3 ± 0.4, p < 0.001). VO2 peak in the first ventilatory threshold(VT1) increased for all 4 interventions in males(p < 0.05), except for S in the obese group(1.6 ± 0.2 vs. 1.7 ± 0.3, p = 0.141). In females, it increased in E(0.9 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.3, p < 0.001), SE(0.9 ± 0.2 vs. 1.2 ± 0.4, p = 0.003), and PA(0.9 ± 0.1 vs. 1.2 ± 0.2, p = 0.006) in overweight groups. Time-to-exhaustion improved in all subjects except for females in PA group(15.7 ± 0.3 min vs. 15.9 ± 0.3 min, p = 0.495).Conclusion: Our results suggest that all methods, including the recommendation of physical activity, can improve cardiovascular fitness in overweight subjects and obese males.

关键词： Combined training Endurance training Obesity Oxygen consumption Physical activity Strength training Ventilatory threshold

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Medications in type-2 diabetics and their association with liver fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第23期26卷 3249-3259页

作者： Mohamed Tausif Siddiqui Hina Amin Rajat Garg Pravallika Chadalavada Wael Al-Yaman rocio Lopez Amandeep Singh Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDigestive Diseases and Surgery InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Hospital Medicine Cleveland ClinicOH 44195United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Cleveland ClinicOH 44195United States

BACKGROUND The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is significantly rising worldwide. Type-2 diabetes(T2D) is a major risk factor for NAFLD *** To assess the association of commonly used medications to advanced fibrosis(AF) in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and *** We used the International Classification of Disease 9 th Revision Clinical Modification coding system to identify patients with T2D and included patients who underwent liver biopsy for suspected NAFLD between January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2015. We compared demographics, clinical characteristics, and differences in pattern of medication use in patients who had biopsy-proven AF to those without it. A univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to assess the association of different classes of medication with the presence of *** A total of 1183 patients were included in the final analysis, out of which 32%(n =381) had AF on liver biopsy. Mean age of entire cohort was 52 years and majority were females(65%) and Caucasians(85%). Among patients with AF, 51% were on oral hypoglycemics, 30% were on insulin, 66% were on antihypertensives and 27% were on lipid lowering agents for the median duration of 19 mo, 10 mo, 26 mo, and 24 mo respectively. Medications associated with decreased risk of AF included metformin, liraglutide, lisinopril, hydrochlorothiazide, atorvastatin and simvastatin while the use of furosemide and spironolactone were associated with higher prevalence of *** In our cohort of T2D with biopsy proven NAFLD, the patients who were receiving metformin, liraglutide, lisinopril, hydrochlorothiazide, atorvastatin and simvastatin were less likely to have AF on biopsy, while patients who were receiving furosemide and spironolactone had a higher likelihood of having AF when they underwent liver biopsy. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and to establish measures for prevention of NAFLD progression in patients with T2D.

关键词： Diabetes medications Anti-lipid medications Antihypertensive medication Fatty liver Advanced fibrosis

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Combined grafts and flaps in urethral stricture repair

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 213-224页

作者： Francisco Dávila Tiago Rosito Borko Stojanovic Francisco E.Martins Department of Urology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegreUFRGSPorto Alegre 90035-903Brazil Department of Urology Belgrade Center for Urogenital Reconstructive SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of BelgradeBelgrade 11000Serbia Department of Urology School of MedicineUniversity of LisbonCHULNLisbon 1649-028Portugal

Although urethral strictures have been known since antiquity,the surgical management of urethral strictures has undergone a great(re)evolution over the last six decades,both in the perception of the disease and in the surgical repair techniques,always presenting itself as a challenge for the surgeon and *** of urethral stricture disease involving a combination of grafts and flaps consists of a group of complex procedures with specific clinical *** knowledge of these procedures by reconstructive urologists is both necessary and relevant.A thorough understanding of the anatomy,including blood supply,is a crucial proviso for the correct evaluation and successful management of urethral stricture *** discuss the main techniques and indications in combined graft and flap urethroplasties.

关键词： Urethral stricture urethral stenosis genital flap penile flap reconstructive urology combined urethral surgery

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Z-line examination by the PillCam^(TM) SB:Prospective comparison of three ingestion protocols

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第1期16卷 63-68页

作者： Ignacio Fernandez-Urien Erika Borobio Inmaculada Elizalde Rebeca Irisarri Juan Jose vila Jesus Maria Urman Javier Jimenez Department of Gastroenterology Hospital of Navarra

AIM:To evaluate the Z-line visualization by the PillCamTM SB2 using three different ingestion protocols. METHODS:Ninety consecutive patients undergoing small bowel capsule endoscopy(SBCE)between January and May 2008 were included in the study. They swallowed the capsule in the standing(Group A= 30),supine(Group B=30)and right supine positions (Group C=30).Baseline patient characteristics, difficulties in capsule ingestion,esophageal transit times(ETT)and Z-line visualization were noted. RESULTS:No significant differences were found between the groups with regard to baseline patient characteristics,ingestion difficulties and complete SB examinations(P>0.05).At least 1 frame of the Z-line was detected in 15.8%,46.7%and 90%of patients in groups A,B and C,respectively(P<0.001).The average number of Z-line images was 0.21±0.53,3.23 ±6.59 and 5.53±7.55 and the mean%of the Z-linedetected was 71.3,25.1 and 8.3,in groups A,B and C, respectively(both P<0.001).ETT times were longer in the supine group followed by the right supine and the standing groups(median of 237 s vs 64 s and 39 s, respectively;P<0.001). CONCLUSION:Z-line visualization in patients undergoing SBCE can be accurately achieved in most cases when the capsule is swallowed in the right supine position.

关键词： Barrett Capsule endoscopy Esophagus Gastroesophageal reflux disease Ingestion Varices Z-line

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Outpatient telephonic transitional care after hospital discharge improves survival in cirrhotic patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第8期11卷 646-655页

作者： Bhavana Bhagya Rao Anastasia Sobotka rocio Lopez Carlos Romero-Marrero William Carey Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Cleveland Clinic

BACKGROUND Intervention to improve outcomes in cirrhotic patients (CP) after hospital discharge often focus on 30 d readmission rate (RR). However, recent studies suggest dissociation between RR and survival. At our center, CP are now offered outpatient telephonic transitional care (OTTC) by a care coordinator for 30 d after hospital discharge. AIM To determine the effect of OTTC on survival in CP. METHODS In this cohort study from a tertiary center, CP who received OTTC formed the intervention group. They were compared with a control group discharged during the same period. Mortality and RR were compared between the groups. RESULTS After OTTC introduction, 194 CP were discharged. After applying exclusion criteria, 169 CP (51% male, mean age 58 years ± 12 years) were included. OTTC group comprised 76 patients and was compared with 93 controls. Baseline disease and index admission related characteristics were not significantly different between the groups. The intervention group showed significantly higher 6 mo survival compared to controls (84.2% vs 68.8%;P = 0.03), while RR at 1, 3, and 6 mo were comparable. On multivariable analysis, the intervention group showed lower odds for mortality compared to the controls (hazard ratio: 0.4;95% confidence interval: 0.2-0.82;P = 0.012), while higher model for endstage liver disease scores were associated with higher mortality (hazard ratio: 1.05;95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.1;P = 0.024).CONCLUSION CP provided OTTC had higher 6 mo survival compared to controls without a difference in RR. Use of RR to gauge quality of care provided during hospitalization or subsequent transitional care programs should be revisited.

关键词： Quality improvement Transitional care Outpatient monitoring Outcomes assessment

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Genesis of the Gentio Metagranitoid: Post-Collisional High-K Plutonism within the Mineiro Belt, S?o Francisco Craton, Brazil

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第6期32卷 1374-1396页

作者： Marize M.da Silva Ciro A.Ávila Felipe M.Tavares Natali S.Barbosa Wilson Teixeira Programa de Pós-graduação em Geologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro21.949-900Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro20940-040Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Serviço Geológico do Brasil Divisão de Geologia Econômica22290-255Rio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto de Geociências Universidade Federal da Bahia40170-110SalvadorBABrazil

The Gentio metagranitoid presents equigranular and porphyritic facies, modal composition ranging from tonalite to monzogranite with calculated T_(Zr)6 wt.%). Zircon analyses by LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP yielded a concordia age of 2 119±10 Ma for the porphyritic facies and an upper intercept age of 2 111±15 Ma for the equigranular facies. The whole-rock Sm-Nd T_(DM) ages vary from 2.4 to 2.8 Ga with ε_(Nd)(2.1) values between -0.7 and-5.3, indicating crustal derivation from distinct and/or heterogeneous protoliths. Field observations indicate that the Gentio metagranitoid was formed through different pulses of magma. Individual batches were subject to little or even no fractionation process after its emplacement. Although the Gentio metagranitoid crosscuts metamafic and metaultramafic rocks akin to an oceanic arc setting, this pluton is likely originated by partial melting of a more evolved quartz-feldspathic crustal igneous rock in a post-collisional environment, after the accretion of the arcs from the Mineiro belt and rocks of the Mantiqueira Complex.

关键词： high-K granites Mineiro belt post-collisional Sao Francisco Craton U-Pb geochronology

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Light spectral filtering based on spatial adiabatic passage

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 90-97页

作者： Ricard Menchon-Enrich Andreu Llobera Jordi vila-Planas Victor J Cadarso Jordi Mompart Veronica Ahufinger Department of Physics Universitat Auto`noma de BarcelonaE-08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain Chemical Transducers Group Institut de Microelectro`nica de Barcelona(IMBCNMCSIC)E-08193 BellaterraBarcelonaSpain Microsystems Laboratory(LMIS1) Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL)CH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland

We present the first experimental realization of a light spectral filter based on the spatial adiabatic passage *** demonstrate that a fully integrable CMOS-compatible system of three coupled identical total internal reflection silicon oxide waveguides with variable separation along their propagation direction can be used simultaneously as a low-and high-pass spectral filter within the visible range of *** is injected into the right waveguide,and after propagating along the system,long wavelengths are transferred into the left output,whereas short wavelengths propagate to the right and central *** stopband reaches values up to 211 dB for the left output and approximately 220 dB for the right plus central *** passband values are close to 0 dB for both *** also demonstrate that the filtering characteristics of the device can be controlled by modifying the parameter values,which define the geometry of the triple-waveguide ***,the general filtering behavior of the system does not critically depend on technological ***,the spatial adiabatic passage filtering approach constitutes an alternative to other integrated filtering devices,such as interference or absorbance-based filters.

关键词： CMOS-compatible technology integrated optics devices spatial adiabatic passage wavelength filtering devices

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Pancreas sparing duodenectomy in the treatment of primary duodenal neoplasms and other situations with duodenal involvement

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第5期20卷 485-492页

作者： Juli Busquets Josefina Lopez-Dominguez Ana Gonzalez-Castillo Marina vila Nuria Pelaez Lluis Secanella Emilio Ramos Juan Fabregat Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Hospital Universitari de BellvitgeResearch Group of Hepato-biliary and Pancreatic DiseasesInstitut d'InvestigacióBiomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELLBarcelona UniversityL’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08907Spain Department of General Surgery Hospital del MarBarcelona 08907Spain Department of General Surgery Hospital de MataróBarcelona 08907Spain

Background:There are no clearly defined indications for pancreas-preserving *** present study aimed to analyze postoperative morbidity and the outcomes of patients undergoing pancreaspreserving ***:Patients undergoing pancreas-preserving duodenectomy from April 2008 to May 2020 were *** divided the series according to indication:scenario 1,primary duodenal tumors;scenario 2,tumors of another origin with duodenal involvement;and scenario 3,emergency ***:We included 35 *** duodenectomy was performed in 1 patient of adenomatous duodenal polyposis,limited duodenectomy in 7,and third+fourth duodenal portion resection in *** indications for scenario 1 were gastrointestinal stromal tumor(n=13),adenocarcinoma(n=4),neuroendocrine tumor(n=3),duodenal adenoma(n=1),and adenomatous duodenal polyposis(n=1);scenario 2:retroperitoneal desmoid tumor(n=2),recurrence of liposarcoma(n=2),retroperitoneal paraganglioma(n=1),neuroendocrine tumor in pancreatic uncinate process(n=1),and duodenal infiltration due to metastatic adenopathies of a germinal tumor with digestive hemorrhage(n=1);and scenario 3:aortoenteric fistula(n=3),duodenal trauma(n=1),erosive duodenitis(n=1),and biliopancreatic limb ischemia(n=1).Severe complications(Clavien-Dindo≥IIIb)developed in 14%(5/35),and postoperative mortality was 3%(1/35).Conclusions:Pancreas-preserving duodenectomy is useful in the management of primary duodenal tumors,and is a technical option for some tumors with duodenal infiltration or in emergency interventions.

关键词： Duodenectomy Duodenal neoplasms Organ sparing treatments Pancreatic surgery Duodenal diseases

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Metabolomics for the diagnosis of bladder cancer: A systematic review

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 221-241页

作者： Herney Andrés García-Perdomo Angélica María Dávila-Raigoza Fernando Korkes Division of Urology/Urooncology Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversidad del ValleCaliColombia UROGIV Research Group School of MedicineUniversidad del ValleCaliColombia Urologic Oncology Division of UrologyABC Medical SchoolSao PauloBrazil

Objective: Metabolomics has been extensively utilized in bladder cancer (BCa) research, employing mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to compare various variables (tissues, serum, blood, and urine). This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for early BCa ***: A search strategy was designed to identify clinical trials, descriptive and analytical observational studies from databases such as Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences. Inclusion criteria comprised studies involving BCa tissue, serum, blood, or urine profiling using widely adopted metabolomics techniques like mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Primary outcomes included description of metabolites and metabolomics profiling in BCa patients and the association of metabolites and metabolomics profiling with BCa diagnosis compared to control patients. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Studies of Diagnostic ***: The search strategy yielded 2832 studies, of which 30 case-control studies were included. Urine was predominantly used as the primary sample for metabolite identification. Risk of bias was often unclear inpatient selection, blinding of the index test, and reference standard assessment, but no applicability concerns were observed. Metabolites and metabolomics profiles associated with BCa diagnosis were identified in glucose, amino acids, nucleotides, lipids, and aldehydes ***: The identified metabolites in urine included citric acid, valine, tryptophan, taurine, aspartic acid, uridine, ribose, phosphocholine, and carnitine. Tissue samples exhibited elevated levels of lactic acid, amino acids, and lipids. Consistent findings across tissue, urine, and serum samples revealed downregulation of citric acid and upregulation of lactic acid, valine, tryptophan, taurine, glutamine, aspartic acid, uridine, rib

关键词： Metabolite Metabolomics Bladder cancer Metabolomicsprofile

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