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Extracting body surface dimensions from top-view images of pigs

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第5期11卷 182-191页

作者： Mingzhou Lu Tomas norton Ali Youssef Nemanja Radojkovic Alberto Peña Fernández Daniel Berckmans College of Engineering/Jiangsu Province Engineering Lab for Modern Facility Agriculture Technology&Equipment Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210031China M3-BIORES-Measure Model&Manage BioresponsesKU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 30B-3001 LeuvenBelgium

Continuous live weight and carcass traits estimation are important for the pig production and breeding *** is widely known that top-view images of a pig’s body(excluding its head and neck)reveal surface dimension parameters,which are correlated with live weight and carcass ***,because a pig is not constrained when an image is captured,the body does not always have a straight *** creates a big challenge when extracting the body surface dimension parameters,and consequently the live weight and carcass traits estimation has a high level of *** primary goal of this study is to propose an algorithm to automatically extract pig body surface dimension parameters,with a better accuracy,from top-view pig ***,the backbone line of a pig was ***,lengths of line segments perpendicular to the backbone line were calculated,and then feature points on the pig’s contour line were extracted based on the lengths variation of the perpendicular line ***,the head and neck of the pig were removed from the pig’s contour by an ***,four length and one area parameters were *** proposed algorithm was implemented in Matlab®(R2012b)and applied to 126 depth images of *** the results of the manual labeling tool as the gold standard,the length and area parameters could be obtained by the proposed algorithm with an accuracy of 97.71%(SE=1.64%)and 97.06%(SE=1.82%),*** parameters can be used to improve pig live weight and carcass traits estimation accuracy in the future work.

关键词： body surface dimension image analysis skeleton triangulated network ellipse fitting

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Soil Bulk Density Estimation Methods: A Review

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Pedosphere 2018年第4期28卷 581-596页

作者： Ahmed Abed Gatea AL-SHAMMARY Abbas Z.KOUZANI Akif KAYNAK Sui Yang KHOO Michael norton Will GATES School of Engineering Deakin University Soil Science and Water Resources Departments College of Agriculture University of Wasit Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University

Measurement of soil bulk density is important for understanding the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. Accurate and rapid soil bulk density measurement techniques play a significant role in agricultural experimental research. This review is a comprehensive summary of existing measurement methods and evaluates their advantages, disadvantages, potential sources of error,and directions for future development. These techniques can be broadly categorised as direct and indirect methods. Direct methods include core, clod, and excavation sampling, whereas indirect methods include the radiation and regression approaches. The core method is most widely used, but it is time consuming and difficult to use for sampling multiple soil depths. The size of the coring cylinder used, operator experience, sampling depth, and in-situ soil moisture content significantly affect its accuracy. The clod method is suitable for use with heavy clay soils, and its accuracy is dependent on equipment calibration, drying time, and operator experience, but the process is complicated and time consuming. Excavation techniques are most commonly used to evaluate the bulk density of forest soils, but have major limitations as they cannot be used in soils with large pores and their measurement accuracy is strongly influenced by soil texture and the type of analysis selected. The indirect methods appear to have greater accuracy than direct approaches, but have higher costs, are more complex, and require greater operator experience. One such approach uses gamma radiation, and its accuracy is strongly influenced by soil depth. Regression methods are economical as they can make indirect measurements, but these depend on good, quality data of soil texture and organic matter content and geographical and climatic properties. Also, like most of the other approaches, its accuracy decreases with sampling depth.

关键词： measurement accuracy direct measurement methods gamma radiation indirect measurement methods regression methods sampling depth soil properties

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US Education Comes into View for Chinese Students

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The World of Chinese 2012年第5期 92-93页

作者： JIM norton

Vericant’s innovative approach of assessing and interviewing Chinese candidates for US school places is in high demand采访Vericant的创始人和中国区负责人杨燕WHAT BROUGHT YOU TO THE EDUCATION SECTOR?My parents couldn’...

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STRANGE BUT TRUE

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The World of Chinese 2012年第5期 9-11页

作者： JIM norton

TOILETS’STAR-RATED MAKEOVER To the literal relief of tourists visiting China’s capital,Beijing is busy giving the city’s notorious public toilets a *** Asia News reports plans are afoot to introduce350 more three,four and even fivestar rated toilets to the 70 already installed at tourist hot *** initiative comes after it was revealed

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A SUMMER TAN'S MASKED ENEMY

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The World of Chinese 2012年第5期 10-11页

作者： JIM norton

If you visited a Qingdao beach in Shandong Province this summer,you'd be forgiven for thinking you'd stumbled across a lucha libre retirement home for Mexican ***'d be wrong though,as these are in fact China's middle-...

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Vibration in mice: A review of comparative effects and use in translational research

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2018年第2期1卷 116-124页

作者： Randall P.Reynolds Yao Li Angela Garner John N.norton Division of Laboratory Animal Resources Duke University Medical Center Department of Laboratory Animal Science School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Pathology Duke University Medical Center

Sound pressure waves surround individuals in everyday life and are perceived by animals and humans primarily through sound or vibration. When sound pressure waves traverse through a solid medium, vibration will result. Vibration has long been considered an unwanted variable in animal research and may confound scientific endeavors using animals. Understanding the characteristics of vibration is required to determine whether effects in animals are likely to be therapeutic or result in adverse biological effects. The eighth edition of the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" highlights the importance of considering vibration and its effects on animals in the research setting, but knowledge of the level of vibration for eliciting these effects was unknown. The literature provides information regarding therapeutic use of vibration in humans, but the range of conditions to be of therapeutic benefit is varied and without clarity. Understanding the characteristics of vibration(eg, frequency and magnitude) necessary to cause various effects will ultimately assist in the evaluation of this environmental factor and its role on a number of potential therapeutic regimens for use in humans. This paper will review the principles of vibration, sources within a research setting, comparative physiological effects in various species, and the relative potential use of vibration in the mouse as a translational research model.

关键词： animal models mice translational vibration

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Gas flow in rotary kilns

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Particuology 2010年第6期8卷 613-616页

作者： Patrick R.Davies Michael J.S.norton D.Ian Wilson John F.Davidson David M.Scott Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePembroke StreetCambridgeCB2 3RAUK

This paper describes an experimental investigation on the flow characteristics within a rotating cylinder containing a rolling bed of sand. The axis of the cylinder was horizontal and there was no axial bulk flow of particles. The velocity field of the gas flowing through the cylinder was measured by hot-wire anemometry. The measurements indicate that the velocity field is asymmetric with respect to a diameter perpendicular to the granular bed. CFD calculations confirm this finding. The gas velocity profiles are crucial in determining heat transfer from gas to solid.

关键词： Rotating cylinderVelocity profile

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NEW RECORDS OF CROTONIOIDEA FROM CHINA, WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF ALLONOTHRUS (AGARI: ORIBAIDA)

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Zoological Systematics 1988年第3期 270-273页

作者： R.A.norton College of Environmentol Science and Forestry SUNY

A majority of known species of Crotonioidea inhabit leaf litter or upper soil horizons, where they feed on fungi or decomposing higher plant material; some inhabit specialized rnicro-habitats, such as tree, bog or spring. The superfamily encompasses, approximately 400 species representing 32 genera in nine families. Although this superfamily is relatively well known in the European and Soviet part of the Palearctic region, it is almost unknown in *** paper reports 29 species of crotonioid mites in China representing 13 genera in 6 families. Among them one species is described as new and 27 species are recorded for the first time from China.

关键词： pair 亚纲 ORIBAIDA WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF ALLONOTHRUS AGARI NEW RECORDS OF CROTONIOIDEA FROM CHINA 总科王慧

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基于ALR-GMM的群养猪攻击行为识别算法研究

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农业机械学报 2021年第1期52卷 201-208页

作者：刘冬何东健陈晨 STEIBEL Juan SIEGFORD Janice norton Tomas 西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院陕西杨凌712100 鲁汶大学M3BIORES实验室海弗莱B3001 农业农村部农业物联网重点实验室陕西杨凌712100 江苏大学电气信息工程学院镇江212013 密西根州立大学动物科学系东兰辛MI48824

群养猪攻击行为是评估猪群对微环境适应性的重要指标。活动指数模型能够描述猪群行为模式,已经在群养猪攻击行为识别研究中得到初步验证。然而,养殖设施的差异性和动态背景环境等因素所导致的环境适应性差是限制其商业化应用的主要障碍... 详细信息

群养猪攻击行为是评估猪群对微环境适应性的重要指标。活动指数模型能够描述猪群行为模式,已经在群养猪攻击行为识别研究中得到初步验证。然而,养殖设施的差异性和动态背景环境等因素所导致的环境适应性差是限制其商业化应用的主要障碍。本文基于递归背景建模思想,在高斯混合模型(GMM)中引入双曲正切函数,提出了一种自适应学习率GMM的活动指数计算方法(ALR-GMM),能够在动态背景环境下准确提取动物活动指数。与经典模型相比,平均相对误差从15.08%降到14.34%。育肥猪攻击行为识别试验中,采用ALR-GMM算法提取行为视频单元的活动指数特征,构建了活动指数最大值、平均值、方差和标准差特征向量,采用线性核函数支持向量机建立分类器。结果表明,本文算法的正确率、灵敏度、特效度和精度分别为97.6%、97.9%、97.7%和97.8%,满足实际应用需求。

关键词：群养猪攻击行为识别计算机视觉活动指数高斯混合模型自适应学习率

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The computational fluid dynamic modeling of downwash flow field for a six-rotor UAV

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2018年第2期5卷 159-167页

作者： Yongjun ZHENG Shenghui YANG Xingxing LIU Jie WANG Tomas norton Jian CHEN Yu TAN College of Engineering China Agricultural University Department of Engineering Harper Adams University

The downwash flow field of the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), formed by propellers during operation, has a significant influence on the deposition, drift and distribution of droplets as well as the spray width of the UAV for plant protection. To study the general characteristics of the distribution of the downwash airflow and simulate the static wind field of multi-rotor UAVs in hovering state, a 3 D full-size physical model of JF01-10 six-rotor plant protection UAV was constructed using Solid Works. The entire flow field surrounding the UAV and the rotation flow fields around the six rotors were established in UG software. The physical model and flow fields were meshed using unstructured tetrahedral elements in ANSYS ***, the downwash flow field of UAV was *** an increased hovering height, the ground effect was reduced and the minimum current velocity increased initially and then decreased. In addition, the spatial proportion of the turbulence occupied decreased. Furthermore, the appropriate operational hovering height for the JF01-10 is considered to be 3 m. These results can be applied to six-rotor plant protection UAVs employed in pesticide spraying and spray width detection.

关键词： CFD simulation downwash flow field numerical analysis plant protection six-rotor UAV

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