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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第5期15卷 914-923页

作者： Suyambulingam Indran robinson Dhas Edwin Raj Brainerd Samuel Sundar Daniel Joseph Selvi Binoj Department of Mechanical Engineering Rohini College of Engineering and Technology Anjugramam - 629401 Tamil Nadu India Department of Mechanical Engineering St. Xavier's Catholic College of Engineering Nagercoil - 629003 Tamil Nadu India Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee - 247667 Uttarakhand India Department of Mechanical Engineering Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College (Autonomous) Tirupati - 517102 Andhra Pradesh India

Health and sustainability are the major concerns that drive researchers to find novel materials to replace artificial hazardous materials. In this investigation, the mechanical properties of Cissus quadrangularis Stem Fiber （CQSF） reinforced with unsaturated polyester composite were optimized by varying the fiber length and content. To substantiate the findings, chemical property, thermal property, microstructure, and water absorption property were analyzed. Progressive enhancement of mechanical properties was observed with increasing the fiber content and fiber length up to 30 wt.% and 40 ram. However, beyond that limit, there was a decline in the strength due to improper bonding of fiber with matrix. Optimal values of mechanical property for CQSF composite were obtained at 30 wt.% fiber content and 40 mm fiber length, which are comparable with that of common artificial fiber-reinforced polymer composites.

关键词： CQSF mechanical properties thermogravimetric anlaysis microstructure water absorption

Long-term changes in biological soil crust cover and composition

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 54-63页

作者： Eva Dettweiler-robinson Jeanne M Ponzetti Jonathan D Bakker Department of Biology University of New MexicoMSC0320201 University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 98131U.S.A. 2914 Central St.SE OlympiaWA 98501U.S.A. School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonBox 354115SeattleWA98195-4115U.S.A.

Introduction:Communities change over time due to disturbances,variations in climate,and species *** soil crust communities are important because they contribute to erosion control and nutrient *** types may respond differently to changes in environmental conditions:single-celled organisms and bryophytes quickly recover after a disturbance,while lichens are slow growing and dominate favorable *** change in crusts has seldom been assessed using repeated *** this study,we hypothesized that changes in crust composition were related to disturbance,topographic position,and invasive ***:We monitored permanent plots in the Columbia Basin in 1999 and 2010 and compared changes in crust composition,cover,richness,and turnover with predictor variables of herbivore exclosure,elevation,heat load index,time since fire,presence of an invasive grass,and change in cover of the invasive ***:Bryophytes were cosmopolitan with high *** lichens did not change *** taxa differed by monitoring *** and total crust cover declined,and there was lower turnover outside of herbivore *** cover did not change *** that burned recently had high *** in taxon richness was correlated with presence of an invasive grass in *** in cover of the invasive grass was positively related to proportional loss and negatively related to ***:Composition and turnover metrics differed significantly over 11 years,though cover was more stable between *** study can be a baseline for assessing change in crust composition due to anthropogenic influences.

关键词： Biological soil crust Columbia basin Composition change Taxa turnover rate Fire Bromus tectorum Livestock exclosure

Paleoecological Response of Corals to the End-Triassic Mass Extinction： An Integrational Analysis

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第4期29卷 879-885页

作者： George D Stanley Jr Hannah M E Shepherd Autumn J robinson University of Montana Paleontology Center Missoula MT 59812 USA

The end-Triassic （also Triassic-Jurassic） mass extinction severely affected life on planet Earth 200 million years ago. Paleoclimate change triggered by the volcanic eruptions of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province （CAMP） caused a great loss of marine biodiversity, among which 96% coral genera were get lost. However, there is precious little detail on the paleoecology and growth forms lost between the latest Triassic extinction and the Early Jurassic recovery. Here a new pilot study was conducted by analyzing corallite integration levels among corals from the latest Triassic and Early Jurassic times. Integration levels in corals from the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic were determined through both the Paleobiology Database as well as from a comprehensive museum collection of fossil corals. Results suggest that in addition to a major loss of diversity following the end-Triassic mass extinction, there also was a significant loss of highly integrated corals as clearly evidenced by the coral data from the Early Jurassic. This confirms our hypothesis of paleoecological selectivity for corals following the end-Triassic mass extinction. This study highlights the importance of assigning sim- ple to advanced paleoecological characters with integration levels, which opens a useful approach to understanding of mass extinction and the dynamics of the recovery.

关键词： coral loss integration level end-Triassic mass extinction paleoecology

Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.Martins Luciana L.Barboza Rafael M.Tassitano Nicolas Aguilar-Farias Gilmar M.Jesus robinson Ramírez-Véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.M.Silva Robert G.Weaver Mark S.Tremblay Javier Brazo-Sayavera Grégore I.Mielke Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of Health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Health Management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public Health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical Education

Background:Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).However,using only this cut-off could hide important *** instance,from a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate ***,including a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week among adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximately 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North America,while the estimates for the other regions were14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially among the oldest *** fo

关键词： Global School-based Student Health Survey Health Behaviour Among School-aged Children survey Inequality Surveillance Youth

Integrating acupuncture:are there positive health outcomes for women?

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2017年第3期18卷 233-238页

作者： Nicola robinson School of Health and Social Care London South Bank University London SE10AA UK

The key health issues for women tend to be primarily associated with the female reproductive system. There are also other gender priorities and consequences associated with ageing, which require effective interventions. Acupuncture is used worldwide and its evidence base is increasing on both mechanisms of action and its effectiveness in clinical care. Although acupuncture may be a valuable addition to healthcare for some conditions, it is rarely fully integrated into mainstream Western medicine clinical practice. Inadequate design and poor reporting of clinical trials have been barriers. Additionally systematic reviews and meta-analyses have tended to be equivocal and have reported that there is insufficient evidence for its recommendation. Future research should focus on ensuring good trial design including cost effectiveness and qualitative data and using a more pragmatic stance which reflects acupuncture in clinical practice. Undoubtedly, effective interventions are always needed to ensure the best health outcomes and address preventable deaths, morbidities, and disabilities among women but integration will be compromised unless underpinned by good evidence.

关键词： Acupuncture Women's health Evidence-based medicine Acupuncture mechanisms of action Integration Health outcomes

Application of evidence-based medicine methods in integrative oncology research

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2023年第2期10卷 129-132页

作者： Jianping Liu Sijia Zhu Nicola robinson Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing100029China School of Health and Social Care London South Bank UniversityLondonSE10AAUnited Kingdom

To present the advances of evidence-based medicine and clinical research methodology in integrative oncology,we conducted a literature review of real-world studies of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in cancer care and summarized the available *** randomized controlled trials(pRCTs)and clinical registry studies are becoming more popular as they could compensate for the limitations of *** RCTs of TCM for cancer treatment as well as systematic reviews have been *** most investigated therapies are based on acupuncture,Chinese herbal compounds,and Chinese patent *** has a significant advantage in relieving cancer-related *** studies focus more on improving clinical symptoms and laboratory ***,the patient's quality of life deserves more attention.

关键词： Evidence-based medicine Integrative oncology Traditional Chinese medicine Research design Pragmatic clinical trial Registries

Enhanced disinfection of Escherichia coli and bacteriophage MS2 in water using a copper and silver loaded titanium dioxide nanowire membrane

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 71-79页

作者： Guiying RAO Kristen S. BRASTAD Qianyi ZHANG Rebecca robinson Zhen HE Ying LI Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee WI 53211 USA A.O. Smith Corporate Technology Center Milwaukee WI 53224 USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

Titanium dioxide （TiO2） is a widely used photocatalyst that has been demonstrated for microorganism disinfection in drinking water. In this study, a new material with a novel structure, silver and copper loaded TiO2 nanowire membrane （Cu-Ag-TiO2） was prepared and evaluated for its efficiency to inactivate E. coli and bacteriophage MS2. Enhanced photo-activated bactericidal and virucidal activities were obtained by the Cu-Ag-TiO2 membrane than by the TiO2, Ag-TiO2 and Cu-TiO2 membranes under both dark and UV light illumination. The better performance was attributed to the synergies of enhanced membrane photoacfivity by loading silver and copper on the membrane and the synergistic effect between the free silver and copper ions in water. At the end of a 30 min test of dead- end filtration under 254 nm UV irradiation, the Cu-Ag-TiO2 membrane was able to obtain an E. coli removal of 7.68 log and bacteriophage Ms2 removal of 4.02 log, which have met the US EPA standard. The free metal ions coming offthe membrane have concentrations of less than 10 ppb in the water effluent, far below the US EPA maximum contaminant level for silver and copper ions in drinking water. Therefore, the photo-activated disinfection by the Cu-Ag-Ti02 membrane is a viable technique for meeting drinking water treatment standards of microbiological water purifiers.

关键词： Photo-activated disinfection Titanium dioxide Nanowire membrane Silver Copper

Management factors affecting densities of common grassland birds of high elevation grasslands of eastern South Africa:Ingula as a case study

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Chinese Birds 2017年第1期8卷 37-49页

作者： David H.Maphisa Hanneline Smit-robinson Les G.Underhill Res Altwegg South African National Biodiversity Institute Statistics in Ecology Environment and ConservationDepartment of Statistical SciencesUniversity of Cape Town Bird Life South Africa Applied Behavioural Ecological and Ecosystem Research Unit(ABEERU) UNISA Animal Demography Unit Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Cape Town African Climate and Development Initiative University of Cape Town

Background: World?wide grassland birds are in decline due to habitat loss and degradation resulting from inten?sive agricultural practices. Understanding how key grassland habitat attributes determine grassland bird densities is required to make appropriate conservation decisions. We examine drivers of bird densities in a South African grass?land area that has been managed for biodiversity conservation with reduced grazing ***: We estimated the density of the eight most common grassland bird species encountered in our area to evaluate the effects of recent grassland management changes on the avifauna. We collected data on birds and habitat from the austral summers of 2006/2007, 2007/2008 and 2010/2011. We used hierarchical distance sampling methods to estimate density of birds relative to two main habitat variables, i.e., grass cover and height. In addition, we used regression splines within these distance sampling models as a more flexible description of suitable ranges of grass height and cover for each ***: For most species, density is related to grass height and cover as expected. The African Quailfinch(Ortygospiza atricollis) and Common Quail(Coturnix coturnix) preferred relatively short and open grass. The Yellow?breasted Pipit(Anthus chloris), African Pipit(Anthus cinnamomeus) and Red?capped Lark(Calandrella cinerea) preferred short and relatively dense grass, while the Wing?snapping Cisticola(Cisticola ayresii) preferred grass of intermediate height and cover. The Cape Longclaw(Macronyx capensis) and Zitting Cisticola(Cisticola juncidis) preferred tall and dense grass. Our results agree with previous studies that grass height combined with grass cover are the most important habitat features that managers should manipulate in order to increase the density of target species. The regression splines show that the effect of these two habitat variables on density is well described by linear relationships for most ***: This

关键词： Density and detection Grassland birds Grass height and cover Hierarchical distance sampling models

Comparison of the effects of different protocols on the particle size distribution of TiO_2 dispersions

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Particuology 2015年第2期13卷 35-44页

作者： Ratna Tantra Aneta Sikora Nanna B.Hartmann Juan Riego Sintes Kenneth N.robinson National Physical Laboratory European Commission DG Joint Research Centre

There is a need to standardize methods associated with the dispersion of nanomaterials in nano（eco）toxicological investigations. The first step toward this goal is to understand the degree of variability that exists in nanomaterial dispersions prepared by using different protocols. Using two case studies, the degree of variability in TiO2 nanomaterial dispersions was assessed by differential centrifugal sedimentation （DCS） methods. Case study 1 addresses the variability that arises from variations within one protocol, investigating the effects of dispersion aging, sonication exposure time, sonication in the presence/absence of an ice bath, material subsampling, particle concentration and having a pre-wetting step. Case study 2 addresses the variability between four different protocols developed through past research activities and projects. The results indicate that there is a large degree of variability （relative standard deviation （RSD） of mean particle diameter = 26%） in the dispersion ofTiO2 nanornaterials between the four different protocols studied and that several steps in a dispersion protocol are potential sources of variation, with final particle concentration being the most significant. The implication of this study is clear： for the purpose of data comparability, there is a need to provide the exact details of all steps involved in a dispersion protocol.

关键词： Nanoparticle Dispersion Protocol Differential centrifugal sedimentation Nano(eco)toxicology

Dynamics of Submersible Mussel Rafts in Waves and Current

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China Ocean Engineering 2015年第3期29卷 431-444页

作者： WANG Xin-xin M.robinson SWIFT Tobias DEWHURST Igor TSUKROV Barbaros CELIKKOL Carter NEWELL Center for Ocean Engineering and Mechanical Engineering Department University of New Hampshire Laboratory of Fisheries Engineering Fisheries College Ocean University of China Pemaquid Mussel Farms

To investigate the dynamics of submersible mussel rafts, the finite element program Aqua-FETM, developed by the University of New Hampshire（UNH）, was applied to rafts moored at the surface and submerged. The submerged configuration is used to reduce wave forcing and to avoid contact with floating ice during winters in northern waters. Each raft consists of three pontoons connected by a grid framework. Rafts are intended to support densely spaced mussel ropes hung from the framework. When submerged, the pontoons are flooded, and the raft is held vertically by floats attached by lines. The computer models were developed in Aqua-FE？ to simulate the effects of waves and current. They were validated by comparison with wave tank results by use of a 1/10 scale raft physical model. Comparisons showed good agreement for the important heave（vertical） and pitch（rotational） motions, though there was a tendency towards conservative results for wave and current drag. Full-scale simulations of surface and submerged single raft and two rafts connected in tandem were performed. Submerged raft wave response was found to be reduced relative to that at the surface for both the single and two-raft configurations. In particular, the vertical motion of mussel rope connection points was significantly reduced by submergence, resulting in reduced potential for mussel drop-off. For example, the maximum vertical velocities of mussel rope attachment points in the submerged two raft case were 7%-20% of the corresponding velocities when at the surface.

关键词： mussel raft submersible mussel ropes finite element model waves and current storm response