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Piglet gut microbial shifts early in life:causes and effects

Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 519-528页

作者： robin b.guevarra Jun Hyung Lee Sun Hee Lee Min-Jae Seok Doo Wan Kim bit Na Kang Timothy J.Johnson Richard E.Isaacson Hyeun bum Kim Department of Animal Resources Science Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116South Korea National Institute of Animal Science Rural Development AdministrationCheonan 55365South Korea Abbvie bioresearch Center AbbvieWorcesterMA 01605USA Department of Veterinary and biomedical Sciences University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA

The gut microbiome has long been known to play fundamentally important roles in the animal health and the well-being of its host. As such, the establishment and maintenance of a beneficial gut microbiota early in life is crucial in pigs, since early gut colonizers are pivotal in the establishment of permanent microbial community structures affecting the health and growth performance of pigs later in life. Emphasizing this importance of early gut colonizers, it is critical to understand the factors impacting the establishment of the piglet gut microbiome at weaning. Factors include, among others, diet, in-feed antibiotics, probiotics and prebiotic administration. The impact of these factors on establishment of the gut microbiome of piglets at weaning includes effects on piglet gut microbial diversity, structure, and succession. In this review, we thoroughly reviewed the most recent findings on the piglet gut microbiome shifts as influenced by weaning, and how these microbiome changes brought about by various factors that have been shown to affect the development of microbiota in piglets. This review will provide a general overview of recent studies that can help to facilitate the design of new strategies to modulate the gut microbiome in order to enhance gastrointestinal health, growth performance and well-being of piglets.

关键词： Microbial diversity Next generation sequencing 16S rRNA Swine microbiota Weaning

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The dynamics of the piglet gut microbiome during the weaning transition in association with health and nutrition

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 971-979页

作者： robin b.guevarra Sang Hyun Hong Jin Ho Cho bo-Ra Kim Jiwon Shin Jun Hyung Lee bit Na Kang Young Hwa Kim Suphot Wattanaphansak Richard E.Isaacson Minho Song Hyeun bum Kim Department of Animal Resources Science Dankook UniversityCheonanSouth Korea Division of Food and Animal Sciences Chungbuk National UniversityCheongjuSouth Korea Abbvie bioresearch Center AbbvieWorcesterMAUSA National Institute of Animal Science Rural Development AdministrationWanjuSouth Korea Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityPathum WanBangkok 10330Thailand Department of Veterinary and biomedical Sciences University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA Division of Animal and Dairy Science Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea

background: Understanding the composition of the microbial community and its functional capacity during weaning is important for pig production as bacteria play important roles in the pig’s health and growth performance. However,limited information is available regarding the composition and function of the gut microbiome of piglets in ***, we performed 16 S rRNA gene and whole metagenome shotgun sequencing of DNA from fecal samples from healthy piglets during weaning to measure microbiome shifts, and to identify the potential contribution of the early-life microbiota in shaping piglet health with a focus on microbial stress responses, carbohydrate and amino acid ***: The analysis of 16 S rR NA genes and whole metagenome shotgun sequencing revealed significant compositional and functional differences between the fecal microbiome in nursing and weaned piglets. The fecal microbiome of the nursing piglets showed higher relative abundance of bacteria in the genus bacteroides with abundant gene families related to the utilization of lactose and galactose. Prevotel a and Lactobacil us were enriched in weaned piglets with an enrichment for the gene families associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. In addition, an analysis of the functional capacity of the fecal microbiome showed higher abundances of genes associated with heat shock and oxidative stress in the metagenome of weaned piglets compared to nursing ***: Overal, our data show that microbial shifts and changes in functional capacities of the piglet fecal microbiome resulted in potential reductions in the effects of stress, including dietary changes that occur during *** results provide us with new insights into the piglet gut microbiome that contributes to the growth of the animal.

关键词： Metagenomics Microbiome Piglets 16S rRNA Weaning

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DeepSecE:A Deep-Learning-based Framework for Multiclass Prediction of Secreted Proteins in Gram-Negative bacteria

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 243-257页

作者： Yumeng Zhang Jiahao Guan Chen Li Zhikang Wang Zixin Deng robin bGasser Jiangning Song Hong-Yu Ou state Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism Joint International Laboratory on Metabolic&Developmental SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of biochemistry and Molecular biology Monash UniversityMelbourneViC 3800Australia Monash Data Futures Institute Monash UniversityMelbourneViC 3800Australia Melbourne Veterinary School Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia.

Proteins secreted by Gram-negative bacteria are tightly linked to the virulence and adaptability of these microbes to environmental *** identification of such secreted proteins can facilitate the investigations of infections and diseases caused by these bacterial ***,current bioinformatic methods for predicting bacterial secreted substrate proteins have limited computational efficiency and application scope on a genome-wide ***,we propose a novel deep-learning-based framework—DeepSecE—for the simultaneous inference of multiple distinct groups of secreted proteins produced by Gram-negative *** remarkably improves their classification from nonsecreted proteins using a pretrained protein language model and transformer,achieving a macro-average accuracy of 0.883 on 5-fold *** benchmarking suggests that DeepSecE achieves competitive performance with the state-of-the-art binary predictors specialized for individual types of secreted *** attention mechanism corroborates salient patterns and motifs at the N or C termini of the protein *** this pipeline,we further investigate the genome-wide prediction of novel secreted proteins and their taxonomic distribution across~1,000 Gram-negative bacterial *** present analysis demonstrates that DeepSecE has major potential for the discovery of disease-associated secreted proteins in a diverse range of Gram-negative *** online web server of DeepSecE is also publicly available to predict and explore various secreted substrate proteins via the input of bacterial genome sequences.

关键词： Deep server competitive

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Functional mechanism study of the allelochemical myrigalone A identifies a group of ultrapotent inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis in plants

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 246-262页

作者： George Heslop-Harrison Kazumi Nakabayashi Ana Espinosa-Ruiz Francesca Robertson Robert baines Christopher R.L.Thompson Katrin Hermann David Alabadí Gerhard Leubner-Metzger robin S.b.Williams Centre for biomedical Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Centre for Plant Molecular Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Instituto de biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas(CSIC-UPV) 46022 ValenciaSpain Centre for Life’s Origins and Evolution Department of GeneticsEvolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondonUK Syngenta Crop Protection AGSteinSwitzerland

Allelochemicals represent a class of natural products released by plants as root,leaf,and fruit exudates that interfere with the growth and survival of neighboring *** how allelochemicals function to regulate plant responses may provide valuable new approaches to better control plant *** such allelochemical,Myrigalone A(MyA)produced by Myrica gale,inhibits seed germination and seedling growth through an unknown ***,we investigate MyA using the tractable modelDictyostelium discoideum and reveal that its activity depends on the conserved homolog of the plant ethylenesynthesis protein 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase(ACO).Furthermore,in silico modeling predicts the direct binding of MyA to ACO within the catalytic *** ***,ablation of ACO mimics the MyA-dependent developmental delay,which is partially restored by exogenous ethylene,and MyA reduces ethylene *** Arabidopsis thaliana,MyA treatment delays seed germination,and this effect is rescued by exogenous *** also mimics the effect of established ACO inhibitors on root and hypocotyl extension,blocks ethylenedependent root hair production,and reduces ethylene ***,in silico binding analyses identify a rangeof highlypotentethylene inhibitorsthatblock ethylene-dependent responseand reduce ethyleneproduction in ***,we demonstrate a molecular mechanism by which the allelochemical MyA reduces ethylene biosynthesis and identify a range of ultrapotent inhibitors of ethylene-regulated responses.

关键词： 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid ACC ACC oxidase ACO allelochemicals ethylene synthesis inhibitors structure-activity relationship

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Properties and Characterization of Two Clays Raw Material from Mountain District (West of Côte d’Ivoire) for Use in Low-Carbon Cements

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2024年第8期14卷 137-145页

作者： Wedjers Max robin Manouan bi Irié Hervé Gouré Doubi Lébé Prisca Marie-Sandrine Kouakou Atta Kouamé brice Koffi Alfred Niamien Kouamé Namory Méité UFR Sciences et Technologies Universit de Man Man Cte dIvoire UFR Sciences biologiques Universit Peleforo GON COULIBALY Korhogo Cte dIvoire Laboratoire de constitution et de raction de la matire Universit Felix Houphout-boigny Abidan Cte dIvoire

This work was devoted to the study of the physico-chemical properties of two clay minerals from the Mountain District (West Côte d'Ivoire) referenced ME1 and ME2. These samples were characterized by the experimental techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), Differential Thermal Analysis and Thermogravimetry (DTA-TG), brunauer, Emett and Teller method (bET), laser particle size analysis and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The main results of these analyses reveal that the two clay samples mainly contain quartz (52.91% for ME1 and 51.72% for ME2), kaolinite (36.60% for ME1 and 41.6% for ME2) and associated phases, namely goethite and hematite (13.47% for ME1 and 11.00% for ME2). The specific surface values obtained for samples ME1 and ME2 are 34.78 m2/g and 29.18 m2/g respectively. The results obtained show that the samples studied belong to the kaolinite family. After calcination, they could have good pozzolanic activity and therefore be used in the manufacture of low-carbon cements.

关键词： Quartz Kaolinite Mountain District Low-Carbon Cements

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ITPK1 is an InsP_(6)/ADP phosphotransferase that controls phosphate signaling in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1151-1157页

作者： Esther Riemer Danye Qiu Debabrata Laha Robert K.Harmel Philipp Gaugler Verena Gaugler Michael Frei Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei Nargis Parvin Laha Lukas Krusenbaum robin Schneider Adolfo Saiardi Dorothea Fiedler Henning J.Jessen Gabriel Schaaf Ricardo F.H.Giehi 不详

(Molecular Plant 14,1864-1880;November 12021)We identified a mistake made when calculating the absolute concentrations of inositol(pyro)phosphates derived from CE-ESl-MS measurements reported in the originally published version of our *** to a calculation error when determining concentrations per fresh biomass,the absolute values shown in the manuscript are approximately 30-fold lower than they should *** mistake affects Figures 2D,3C,4C,and 7D and Figures S4,S11b,S13,and *** all conclusions made in the article referred to relative differences between genotypes and treatments,they remained unaffected by these mistakes.

关键词： ipt Arabidopsis absolute

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Two remarkable epimerizations imperative for the success of an asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-aigialospirol

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第1期54卷 31-42页

作者： FIGUEROA Ruth FELTENbERGER John b. guevarra Christle C. HSUNG Richard P. Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University

Two remarkable epimerization processes were uncovered during our pursuit of an enantioselective synthesis of(+)-aigialospirol featuring a cyclic acetal tethered ring-closing *** modeling,we were able to turn these two unexpected epimerizations to our advantage via modeling to ensure a successful and concise total synthesis,thereby firmly establishing cyclic acetal tethered RCM as a powerful strategy in natural product *** importantly,calculations allowed us to fully understand the nature and the mechanistic course of these two epimerizations that were imperative to the total synthesis efforts.

关键词： cyclic acetal tethered RCM (+)-aigialospirol anomeric effect and epimerization.

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Associations of polygenic risk scores with risks of stroke and its subtypes in Chinese

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第4期9卷 399-406,I0044-I0065页

作者： Songchun Yang Zhijia Sun Dong Sun Canqing Yu Yu Guo Dianjianyi Sun Yuanjie Pang Pei Pei Ling Yang Iona Y Millwood robin G Walters Yiping Chen Huaidong Du Yan Lu Sushila burgess Daniel Avery Robert Clarke Junshi Chen Zhengming Chen Liming Li Jun Lv On behalf of the China Kadoorie biobank Collaborative Group Department of Epidemiology&biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Department of Dermatology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences BeijingChina Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford OxfordUK Clinical Trial Service Unit&Epidemiological Studies Unit(CTSU) Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK NCDs Prevention and Control Department Suzhou CDCSuzhouJiangsuChina China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking UniversityBeijingChina 不详

background and purpose Previous studies,mostly focusing on the European population,have reported polygenic risk scores(PRSs)might achieve risk stratification of *** aimed to examine the association strengths of PRSs with risks of stroke and its subtypes in the Chinese *** Participants with genome-wide genotypic data in China Kadoorie biobank were split into a potential training set(n=22191)and a population-based testing set(n=72150).Four previously developed PRSs were included,and new PRSs for stroke and its subtypes were *** PRSs showing the strongest association with risks of stroke or its subtypes in the training set were further evaluated in the testing *** proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association strengths of different PRSs with risks of stroke and its subtypes(ischaemic stroke(IS),intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH)and subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH)).Results In the testing set,during 872919 person-years of follow-up,8514 incident stroke events were *** PRSs of any stroke(AS)and IS were both positively associated with risks of AS,IS and ICH(pbtypes were moderate,suggesting a limited value for improving risk prediction over traditional risk factors in the context of current genome-wide association study under-representing the East Asia

关键词： testing prediction increment

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Effect of Different Mulch Materials on Yield and Nutrition Profile of Common Capsicum (Capsicum annuum) Cultivars in bangladesh

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 246-255页

作者： Prince biswas Md. Abubakar Siddik Md. Shariful Islam Mohammad Zahir Ullah Md. Shamsuzzoha Hasina Akter Akm Maksudul Alam Mominul Hauque robin Nutrition Analysis Division Bangladesh Institute of Research and Training on Applied Nutrition Araihazar Bangladesh Department of Crop botany Faculty of Agriculture Habiganj Agricultural University Habiganj Bangladesh Field Crop Division Bangladesh Institute of Research and Training on Applied Nutrition Araihazar Bangladesh Medicine Crop Wing Bangladesh Institute of Research and Training on Applied Nutrition Araihazar Bangladesh Department of Statistics University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Extension Upazila Agriculture Office Habiganj Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Chemistry Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh

Capsicum is a nutritious vegetable and its cultivation in farms is getting popular in bangladesh. Although many efforts have lain to explore better yielding and nutritionally rich cultivars with suitable modern cultivation techniques but still have to find the desired outcome. Thus, it’s necessary to conduct further research to identify the high-yielding and nutritious capsicum cultivars in bangladesh. An experiment was conducted from July 2021 to June 2022 at the bangladesh Institute of Research and Training on Applied Nutrition (bIRTAN) research field with three cultivars of capsicum: bb>0b> = California Wonder, bb>1b> = bARI Misti Morich-1 and bb>2b> = bARI Misti Morich-2 and three mulching: Tb>0b> = No mulching, Tb>1b> = Water hyacinth, Tb>2b> = Poly Mulching in randomized complete block design with three replications to identify better quality capsicum cultivar and suitable mulching material. Among cultivars the bARI Misti Morich-2 (bb>2b>) showed increased agronomic parameters like number of branches and effective branches per plant, leaves length and width, consequently yield and yield contributing traits were also enhanced like fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter and yield per plant (25.97%, 4.54%, 3.64% and 21.43%, respectively). Poly Mulching (Tb>2b>) increased agronomic traits, yield traits and yield (0.61 kg) than bARI Misti Morich-1 (Tb>1b>). The combined effect of bb>2b>Tb>2b> increased the number of branches per plant, effective branches per plant, leaves length and breadth by 40%, 90%, 15.57% and 26.22%, respectively, hence resulting in an increased yield of 20%. bARI Misti Morich-2 cultivar showed an increase in Fe, Zn and Vitamin-C content of 26.24% and 23.10%, 8.82% and 5.14%, and 6.03% and 5.74% than b0 and b1 cultivars, respectively. Therefore, bARI Misti Morich-2 exhibited the improved agronomic, yield and nutritional traits of capsicum under poly mulching a

关键词： Capsicum Cultivars Mulch Materials Yield Yield Contributing Traits Nutritional Quality

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Experimental studies on the energy dissipation of bolted structures with frictional interfaces:A review

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Friction 2024年第8期12卷 1623-1654页

作者： Yongfeng WANG Yanhong MA Jie HONG Giuseppe b.ATTIATO Christian M.FIRRONE School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China Research Institute of Aero-Engine Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China Politecnico di Torino Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringTorino 10139Italy

bolted joints play a more and more important role in the structure with lighter weight and heavier *** paper aims to provide an overview of different experimental approaches for the dynamic behavior of structures in the presence of bolted joints,especially the energy dissipation or damping at frictional *** comprehension of energy dissipation mechanisms due to friction is provided first,while the key parameters and the measurement techniques,such as the excitation force,the preload of the bolt,or the pressure at the interfaces,are briefly ***,the round-robin systems aim to measure the hysteresis parameters of the frictional joints under tangential loads are reviewed,summarizing the basic theory and the strategies to apply the excitation force or acquire the response in different testing *** by parameter identification strategies for bolted structures,the test rigs with one or more simplified bolted joints are summarized to give an insight into the understanding of typical characteristics of bolted structures,which are affected by the presence of *** complex test rigs hosting real-like or actual engineering structures with bolted lap or flange joints are also introduced to show the identification process of the dynamic characteristics of bolted connections employed in specific *** on the review paper,researchers can get the basic knowledge about the experimental systems of the bolted structures,especially several classical round robin systems,such as the Gaul resonator and widely used brake-Reußbeam *** can take advantage of this background for more creative and effective future studies,make more progress on the study of assembled structures and understand the influence of bolting frictional connections on the dynamic response better.

关键词： review study bolted joints frictional damping experimental rigs measurements

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