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Negative consequences of reduced protein diets supplemented with synthetic amino acids for performance,intestinal barrier function,and caecal microbiota composition of broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 216-228页

作者： Reza Barekatain Peter v.Chrystal Tanya Nowland Amy F.Moss Gordon S.Howarth Thi Thu Hao van robert J.Moore South Australian Research and Development Institute Roseworthy CampusRoseworthySAAustralia School of Animal and veterinary Sciences Roseworthy CampusUniversity of AdelaideRoseworthySAAustralia School of Science RMIT UniversityBundoora West CampusBundooraVICAustralia School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia School of Envi1ronmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia

The consequences of feeding broiler chickens with reduced protein(RP)diets for gut health and barrier function are not well *** study was performed to elucidate the effect of reducing dietary protein and source of protein on gut health and performance *** experimental diets included 2 control diets with standard protein levels either containing meat and bone meal(CMBM)or an all-vegetable diet(CvEG),a medium RP diet(17.5%in growers and 16.5%in finisher),and a severe RP diet(15.6%in grower and 14.6%in finisher).Off-sex Ross 308 birds were assigned to each of the 4 diets and performance measurements were taken from d 7 to 42 *** diet was replicated 8 times(10 birds per replicate).A challenge study was conducted on additional 96 broilers(24 birds per diet)from d 13 to *** of the birds in each dietary treatment were challenged by dexamethasone(DEX)to induce a leaky *** birds with RP diets decreased weight gain(Pversion ratio(PvEG and CMBM control diets for any *** diet containing 15.6%protein increased(Pverall composition of the caecal microbiota was affected in birds fed 15.6%pro-tein having a significantly lower richness of microbiota in both sham and DEX-injected ***-bacteria was the main phylum driving the differences in birds fed 15.6%*** the family level,Bifidobacteriaceae,Unclassified Bifidobacteriales,Enterococcaceae,Enterobacteriaceae,and Lachnospir-aceae were the main taxa in birds fed 15.6%*** supplementation of synthetic amino acids,severe reduction of dietary pro

关键词： Gut health Microbiota Tight junction protein Inflammation Broiler

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An Electron Model Consistent with Electron-Positron Pair Production from High Energy Photons

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Journal of Modern Physics 2015年第9期6卷 1334-1342页

作者： Donald Bowen robert v. Mulkern Independent Researcher Concord MA USA MRI Researcher Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston MA USA

This is a rotating charge loop model of an electron which explains the electron’s de Broglie base frequency to an accuracy of over 6 decimal places. The model also predicts the magnetic moment of the electron to over 6 decimal places and helps explain the transition from a purely electromagnetic photon to a fermion state of matter. The model also explains how charge and spin are conserved in the transition. Finally, this concept might be extended to explain the muon and tau higher energy states of the electron as well.

关键词： Electron Positron Loop Muon Tau Pair Production Photon Fermion Magnetic Moment De Broglie

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Synthesis,photoluminescence properties and thermal investigation by TG-MS of RE（DAS）3·xH2O(RE=Eu3+,Tb3+)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第11期37卷 1164-1169页

作者： Rodrigo v.Rodrigues Lukasz Marciniak Latif U.Khan Antonio A.L.Marins robert Tomala Emanuel J.B.Muri Jivaldo R.Matos Wieslaw Strek Institute of Chemistry University of Sao PauloButanta 74826077 Sao PauloBrazil Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research Polish Academy of SciencesOkolna 250-422 WroclawPoland Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory(LNNano-CNPEM) Campinas 13083-100Sao PauloBrazil Department of Chemistry Federal University of Espirito SantoVitoria 29220-000Brazil

Rare earth(Ⅲ)diphenyl-4-amine sulfonates(RE(DAS)3·xH2O,RE=Eu^3+,Tb^3+)phosphors were synthesized by precursor method from barium diphenyl-4-amine sulfonate and rare earth ***,TG/DSC coupled to mass spectrometry(TG/DSC/MS),X-ray powder diffraction(XPD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and photo luminesce nce(PL)spectroscopy were utilized to structurally and morphologically characterize the *** decomposition of Eu(DAS)3·7H2O and Tb(DAS)3·2H2O at 973 K under dynamic air atmosphere results in crystalline Eu2O2SO4 and Tb2O2SO4 materials,***,MS spectra reveal the liberation of thermal decomposition products of precursors,largely as CO2,NO2 and SO2 *** diphenyl-4-amine sulfonate(DAS)ligand demonstrats a good stabilizing property for Eu^3+and Tb^3+*** Eu(DAS)3·7H2O and Tb(DAS)3·2H2O compounds display efficient red and green emissions,under Uv excitation,arising from the 5D0→7FJ(J=0-4)and 5D4→7FJ(J=0-6)transitions of the Eu^3+and Tb^3+ions,respectively.

关键词： Optical properties Rare earth oxysulfate Thermal decomposition Eu(DAS)3·7H2O Tb(DAS)3·2H2O Rare earths

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Genesis and Distribution of Ultra-alkaline Magmatism within the East Antarctic Associated with the Kerguelen Plume Activity

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第S1期90卷 198-199页

作者： Nadezhda M.Sushchevskaya Boris v.Belyatsky robert Sh.Krymsky vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry RAS Karpinsky Geological Institute (vSEGEI)

Alkaline magmatism is often associated with the initial or final stages of huge plume *** alkaline bodies are most often found within the boundary area of plume impact upon the *** initial stages of the

关键词： Genesis and Distribution of Ultra-alkaline Magmatism within the East Antarctic Associated with the Kerguelen Plume Activity Jetty

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Soil type limits population abundance of rodents in crop fields:case study of the multimammate rat Mastomys natalensis Smith,1834 in Tanzania

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第1期3卷 27-30页

作者： Apia W.MASSAWE Winnie RWAMUGIRA Herwig LEIRS Rhodes H.MAKUNDI Loth MULUNGU v.NGOWO robert MACHANG’U Pest Management Centre Sokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania Crop Science and Production Sokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania Evolutionary Biology Group University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Danish Pest Infestation Laboratory Danish Institute of Agricultural SciencesKongens LyngbyDenmark Rodent Control Centre MorogoroTanzania

Studies of populations of the multimammate rat Mastomys natalensis in Morogoro, Tanzania, show that soil textureappears to influence the population abundance and distribution of these rats in agricultural fields. The lowest rodentpopulation abundance was found on sandy clay soils (F(2, 5) = 8.42;P = 0.025). The population abundances of *** on sandy clay loam and sandy loam soils did not differ significantly (P ≤ 0.05), possibly because thesesoils have a very similar texture. The results of this study suggest that M. natalensis prefers loam-textured soilswith a high percentage of sand, which are probably better than clay soils for burrowing and nesting, particularly inthe rainy season. The lower preference for clay soils is probably related to the poor aeration in these soils and thewaterlogging that occurs during the wet season.

关键词： Mastomys population soil texture Tanzania.

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The First Approved “Deuterated” Drug: A Short Review of the Concept

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第10期9卷 440-446页

作者： robert B. Raffa Joseph v. Pergolizzi robert Taylor Neumentum Inc. Palo Alto CA USA Colleges of Pharmacy University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia PA USA NEMA Research Inc. Naples FL USA

The first “deuterated” drug has recently been approved by the U.S. FDA (Food & Drug Administration). A “deuterated” drug is a drug in which the hydrogen atom in one or more of the carbon-hydrogen bonds in its chemical structure is replaced by deuterium (“heavy hydrogen”, a hydrogen isotope that has a neutron, i.e., one neutron instead of the usual no neutrons). A carbon-deuterium (C-D) bond is more stable in the body than a carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bond. If the deuterium is strategically located in a drug’s chemical structure, the extra stability of the bond will be more resistant to metabolic breakdown, and the duration of drug action will be prolonged. We review the general concept of deuterated drugs, historical examples of the classes of application, and the new approval.

关键词： Deuterium Drug Structure Chemical Bonds Drug Metabolism Duration of Action

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Axial strain enhances osteotomy repair with a concomitant increase in connexin43 expression

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Bone Research 2015年第2期3卷 83-91页

作者： Rishi R Gupta Hyunchul Kim Yu-Kwan Chan Carla Hebert Leah Gitajn David J Yoo robert v O’Toole Adam H Hsieh Joseph P Stains Department of Orthopaedics University of Maryland Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of MarylandCollege Park

The mechanical environment is known to influence fracture healing. We speculated that connexin43 （Cx43） gap junctions, which impact skeletal homeostasis, fracture healing and the osteogenic response to mechanical load, may play a role in mediating the response of the healing bone to mechanical strain. Here, we used an established rat fracture model, which uses a 2 mm osteotomy gap stabilized by an external fixator, to examine the impact of various cyclical axial loading protocols （2%, 10%, and 30% strain） on osteotomy healing. We examined the presence of Cx43 in the osteotomy-healing environment and assessed how mechanical strain modulates Cx43 expression patterns in the callus. We demonstrated that increased cyclical axial strain results in increased radiographic and histologic bone formation. In addition, we show by immunohistochemistry that Cx43 is abundantly expressed in the healing callus, with the expression most robust in samples exposed to increased cyclical axial strain. These data are consistent with the concept that an increase in Cx43 expression by mechanical load may be part of the mechanisms by which mechanical forces enhances fracture healing.

关键词： EXPERIMENTAL TIBIAL FRACTURES TISSUE DIFFERENTIATION MECHANICAL-STRESS COMPRESSION OSTEOBLAST MICE

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Endangered species and nature conservation: science issues and challenges

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第2期3卷 75-82页

作者： robert C.SZARO US Geological Survey Biological Resources DisciplineRestonVirginiaUSA

The issues and challenges facing us in ensuring the survival of as many species and ecosystems as possible call fora renewed research focus to address how to improve management strategies and policy making now and into thefuture. The key issues to be addressed by activities of the International Union of Forest Research Organization’s(IUFRO) Task Force on Endangered Species and Nature Conservation include such issues as: (i) preventing speciesfrom being listed by maintaining species populations at sufficient levels that they do not require listing;(ii) recoveringthreatened and endangered species;(iii) developing management practices and strategies;(iv) balancingactions affecting suites of threatened or endangered species;(v) developing conservation strategies for specieswithout definitive taxonomic treatments;(vi) dealing with global change;(vii) dealing with invasive species;and(viii) restoring critical habitats.

关键词： endangered species management practices nature conservation restoration science issues

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Short mucin 6 alleles are associated with H pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第37期12卷 6021-6025页

作者： Thai v Nguyen Marcel JR Janssen Paulien Gritters René HM te Morsche Joost PH Drenth Henri van Asten robert JF Laheij Jan BMJ Jansen Department of Gastroenterology Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Can Tho Viet Nam Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands Nijmegen Institute for International Health Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands

AIM： To investigate the relationship between mucin 6 （MUC6） vNTR length and Hpylori infection. METHODS： Blood samples were collected from patients visiting the Can Tho General Hospital for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. DNA was isolated from whole blood, the repeated section was cut out using a restriction enzyme （Pvu 11） and the length of the allele fragments was determined by Southern blotting. Hpylori infection was diagnosed by ^14C urea breath test. For analysis, MUC6 allele fragment length was dichotomized as being either long （〉 13.5 kbp） or short （≤ 13.5 kbp） and patients were classified according to genotype [long- long （LL）, long-short （LS）, short-short （SS）]. RESULTS： 160 patients were studied （mean age 43 years, 36% were males, 58% H pylori positive）. MUC6 PvuⅡ-restricted allele fragment lengths ranged from 7 to 19 kbp. Of the patients with the LL, LS, SS MUC6 genotype, 43% （24/56）, 57% （25/58） and 76% （11/46） were infected with Hpylori, respectively （P = 0.003）. CONCLUSION： Short MUC6 alleles are associated with H pylori infection.

关键词： H pylori Mucin 6 Polymorphism variable number of tandem repeats

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喷流对飞机尾流涡影响的试验研究

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航空学报 2010年第5期31卷 899-908页

作者：黄烁桥申功忻 robert Konrath Carl F.v. Carmer Kompenhans Jurgen 北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院北京100191 德国宇航院气动与流动技术研究所哥廷根37073

飞机产生的尾流涡,特别是大尺度的翼尖涡,对尾随其后的飞行器是非常有害的,本文旨在探索利用飞机发动机产生的喷流加速尾流涡消亡的方法。试验采用简化的飞机模型(有尾翼),建立了包含一对翼尖涡及一对反向旋转的尾翼涡(通过以负迎角安... 详细信息

飞机产生的尾流涡,特别是大尺度的翼尖涡,对尾随其后的飞行器是非常有害的,本文旨在探索利用飞机发动机产生的喷流加速尾流涡消亡的方法。试验采用简化的飞机模型(有尾翼),建立了包含一对翼尖涡及一对反向旋转的尾翼涡(通过以负迎角安装尾翼得到)的4涡尾流系统。在无外来扰动的情况下,不同的尾翼设置下得到的尾翼涡对翼尖涡的作用效果不同,有的能导致翼尖涡提前消亡,有的则不能。考察了不同强度的喷流对不同4涡尾流系统的影响,且作为对比,对无尾翼(2涡系统)及无喷流下的各种情况也分别作了观测。试验在拖曳水槽中进行,运用体视粒子图像测速(SPIv)技术,观测了与模型拖曳方向垂直的、从机翼后缘到下游约45翼展间均布的一系列切面。结果表明:当喷流直接作用于涡时,其效果主要取决于两者之间的初始距离及相对强度;而当喷流作用于整个4涡尾流系统时,其引入的扰动对不同的系统均能起到一定程度的改善作用,这种作用的关键在于利用喷流优化对翼尖涡进行扰动的机制,而不仅仅取决于喷流的强度。

关键词：流体力学飞机尾流喷流体视粒子图像测速

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