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Therapeutic anticoagulation for splanchnic vein thrombosis in acute pancreatitis: A national survey and case-vignette study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第21期29卷 3328-3340页

作者： Noor J Sissingh Jesse v Groen Hester C Timmerhuis Marc G Besselink Bas Boekestijn Thomas L Bollen Bert A Bonsing Frederikus A Klok Hjalmar C van Santvoort robert C verdonk Casper H J van Eijck Jeanin E van Hooft Jan Sven D Mieog Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Leiden University Medical CentreLeiden 2333 ZANetherlands Department of Research and Development St.Antonius HospitalNieuwegein 3420 EMNetherlands Department of Surgery Leiden University Medical CentreLeiden 2333 ZANetherlands Department of Surgery St.Antonius HospitalNieuwegein 3420 EMNetherlands Department of Surgery Amsterdam UMCLocation University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1081 HZNetherlands Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Amsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical CentreLeiden 2333 ZANetherlands Department of Radiology St.Antonius HospitalNieuwegein 3420 EMNetherlands Department of Medicine-Thrombosis and Hemostasis Leiden University Medical CentreLeiden 2333 ZANetherlands Department of Surgery University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtUtrecht 3584 CXNetherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology St.Antonius HospitalNieuwegein 3420 EMNetherlands Department of Surgery Erasmus Medical CentreRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

BACKGROUND Splanchnic vein thrombosis(SvT)is a major complication of moderate and severe acute *** is no consensus on whether therapeutic anticoagulation should be started in patients with acute pancreatitis and *** To gain insight into current opinions and clinical decision making of pancreatologists regarding SvT in acute *** A total of 139 pancreatologists of the Dutch Pancreatitis Study Group and Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group were approached to complete an online survey and case vignette *** threshold to assume group agreement was set at 75%.RESULTS The response rate was 67%(n=93).Seventy-one pancreatologists(77%)regularly prescribed therapeutic anticoagulation in case of SvT,and 12 pancreatologists(13%)for narrowing of splanchnic vein *** most common reason to treat SvT was to avoid complications(87%).Acute thrombosis was the most important factor to prescribe therapeutic anticoagulation(90%).Portal vein thrombosis was chosen as the most preferred location to initiate therapeutic anticoagulation(76%)and splenic vein thrombosis as the least preferred location(86%).The preferred initial agent was low molecular weight heparin(LMWH;87%).In the case vignettes,therapeutic anticoagulation was prescribed for acute portal vein thrombosis,with or without suspected infected necrosis(82%and 90%),and thrombus progression(88%).Agreement was lacking regarding the selection and duration of long-term anticoagulation,the indication for thrombophilia testing and upper endoscopy,and about whether risk of bleeding is a major barrier for therapeutic *** In this national survey,the pancreatologists seemed to agree on the use of therapeutic anticoagulation,using LMWH in the acute phase,for acute portal thrombosis and in the case of thrombus progression,irrespective of the presence of infected necrosis.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Splanchnic vein thrombosis Therapeutic anticoagulation Bleeding Recanalization Outcomes

Epidemiology and outcomes of acute liver failure in Australia

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第7期11卷 586-595页

作者： Penelope Hey Timothy P Hanrahan Marie Sinclair Adam G Testro Peter W Angus Adam Peterson Stephen Warrillow Rinaldo Bellomo Marcos v Perini Graham Starkey robert M Jones Michael Fink Tess McClure Paul Gow Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084Australia The University of Melbourne Melbourne 3052Australia Department of Intensive Care Austin HeathMelbourne 3084Australia Department of Surgery Austin HealthMelbourne 3084Australia

BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening syndrome with varying aetiologies requiring complex care and multidisciplinary management. Its changing incidence, aetiology and outcomes over the last 16 years in the Australian context remain uncertain. AIM To describe the changing incidence, aetiology and outcomes of ALF in South Eastern Australia. METHODS The database of the victorian Liver Transplant Unit was interrogated to identify all cases of ALF in adults (> 16 years) in adults hospitalised between January 2002 and December 2017. Overall, 169 patients meeting criteria for ALF were identified. Demographics, aetiology of ALF, rates of transplantation and outcomes were collected for all patients. Transplant free survival and overall survival (OS) were assessed based on survival to discharge from hospital. Results were compared to data from a historical cohort from the same unit from 1988- 2001. RESULTS Paracetamol was the most common aetiology of acute liver failure, accounting for 50% of cases, with an increased incidence compared with the historical cohort (P = 0.046). viral hepatitis and non-paracetamol drug or toxin induced liver injury accounted for 15% and 10% of cases respectively. Transplant free survival (TFS) improved significantly compared to the historical cohort (52% vs 38%, P = 0.032). TFS was highest in paracetamol toxicity with spontaneous recovery in 72% of cases compared to 31% of non-paracetamol ALF (P ver transplantation. Nine of these died while waiting for an organ to become available. Forty-two patients (25%) underwent emergency liver transplantation with a 1, 3 and 5 year survival of 81%, 78% and 72% respectively. CONCLUSION Paracetamol toxicity is the most common aetiology of ALF in South-Eastern Australia with a rising incidence over 30 years. TFS has improved, however it remains low in non-paracetamol ALF.

关键词： Liver failure Acute Paracetamol Australia victoria Liver transplant

Survey of Students Regarding Zika Infection: Is the Next Generation Aware of the Dangers?

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2020年第11期11卷 306-315页

作者： Joseph v. Pergolizzi Jo Ann Le Quang robert Taylor Peter Magnusson Megan Nalamachu Claudio Pergolizzi virginia Bingol Domenico Foti Charles Wollmuth Sumiyo Umeda-Raffa robert B. Raffa NEMA Research Group Naples Florida USA Neumentum Inc. Morristown New Jersey USA Centre for Research and Development Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Cardiology Research Unit Institution of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institute Solna Sweden Pharmaceutical Sciences (Form. faculty) Hokkaido University of Science Hokkaido Japan School of Pharmacy Temple University (Prof. em.) Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA College of Pharmacy University of Arizona (Adjunct prof.) Tucson Arizona USA

In 2016 and 2017 an outbreak of the Zika virus in new locales shocked populations into awareness of the disease and of its imputed ability to cause serious fetal abnormalities, particularly microcephaly. There was a major reduction in travel by people of child-bearing age. But the temporary regression in the spread, and preoccupation with COVID-19, seem to have overshadowed concern about Zika virus. In order to investigate this phenomenon, we conducted an online survey of 157 high-school students from four schools in different parts of the United States regarding their knowledge, practices, and attitudes about Zika virus. The mean age of the respondents was 16.4 ±verdana;"> 1.1 years, 55% were girls, and 60% attended public (rather than private) schools. Most students (70%) had taken no steps to prevent Zika, but said they would tell their parents or a physician if they were exposed. They relied primarily on school and the internet (76% and 72%, respectively) as trusted sources of information about the virus. The majority (73%) said they would spend some time to learn more about Zika;girls exhibited more concern than did boys. Half (50%) of respondents knew the signs and symptoms of Zika, but only 20% knew all the ways Zika could be transmitted and 31% why Zika prevention was crucial for pregnant women and their partners. The results of this study suggest that comprehensive national preventive healthcare educational programs are needed.

关键词： Zika virus Microcephaly Guillain-Barré Syndrome Survey High-School Students

Tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula presenting as myelopathy: Case series and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第12期2卷 907-911页

作者： robert Gross Rushna Ali Max Kole Curtis Dorbeistein Mahesh v Jayaraman Muhib Khan Department of Neurology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI 02903 United States Department of Neurosurgery Henry Ford Hospital Detroit MI 48202 United States Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiology Henry Ford Hospital Detroit MI 48202 United States Department of Neurosurgery Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI 02903 United States Departments of Diagnostic Imaging and Neurosurgery Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI 02903 United States

Dural arteriovenous fistula(DAvF) is a rare type of cerebral arteriovenous malformation. Common presenting symptoms are related to hemorrhage. However, rarely these patients may present with myelopathy. We present two cases of DAvF presenting as rapidly progressive myelopathy. Two treatment options are available: microsurgical interruption of the fistula and endovascular embolization. These treatment options of DAvFs have improved significantly in the last decade. The optimal treatment of DAvFs remains controversial, and there is an ongoing debate as to whether primary endovascular or primary microsurgical treatment is the optimal management for these lesions. However, despite treatment a high percentage of patients are still left with severe disability. The potential for functional ambulation in patients with DAvF is related to the time of intervention. This emphasizes the important of early diagnosis and early intervention in DAvF. The eventual outcome may depend on several factors, such as the duration of symptoms, the degree of disability before treatment, and the success of the initial procedure to close the fistula. The usage of magnetic resonance imaging and selective angiography has significantly improved the ability to characterize DAvFs, however, these lesions remain inefficiently diagnosed. If intervention is delayed even prolonged time in rehabilitation does not change the grave prognosis. This review outlines the presentation, classication and management of DAvF as well as discussing patient outcomes.

关键词： Dural arteriovenous fistula Myelopathy vascular malformation Cognard classification Microsurgery Onyx embolization

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红外探测系统及所用进动光学搜索器

激光与红外 1972年第5期 9-14页

作者： robert v.Bez 培芝

简单地说,本专利所述是个适于机载的光学搜索头。构成此搜索头的是三个反射镜,它们相隔120°装在一根转轴上而可以转动。每个反射镜排列成可依次扫过120°的扇形面,也就是说,当一个反射镜完成了扫掠将要离开扇形面时,下一个反射镜就将... 详细信息

简单地说,本专利所述是个适于机载的光学搜索头。构成此搜索头的是三个反射镜,它们相隔120°装在一根转轴上而可以转动。每个反射镜排列成可依次扫过120°的扇形面,也就是说,当一个反射镜完成了扫掠将要离开扇形面时,下一个反射镜就将要在另一端进入此扇形面。光学头为了能在其转轴上转动而由万向悬架环支承,并由电动机带动。万向悬架环由轭架支承,可以在垂

关键词：转矩电动机悬架光学搜索进动光学部件光学元件支承套管随动调制盘继电器电子元件

Plant mineral nutrient sensing and signaling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第3期56卷 190-191页

作者： Leon v.Kochian William J.Lucas robert W.Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA‐ARS Cornell University Department of Plant Biology College of Biological Sciences University of California

As terrestrial plants are sessile organisms and therefore must directly deal with an often complex and changing environment, they have had to develop complex and elegant strategies to survive and thrive in the face of environmental stress. This is particularly true for plant adaptation to the soil environment, where essential mineral nutrients often are found at sub- optimal levels and their concentrations can vary significantly, both spatially and temporally. Furthermore, plants also at times have to respond to excessively high and potentially toxic levels of essential nutrients, as well as toxic levels of non- essential metals and metalloids in the soil. Although plant mineral nutrition as a bona ~ide research discipline has a history of over 15o years, beginning with the pioneering work of Justus von Liebieg and others in the mid-1800＇s, it is only very recently that researchers have begun to truly appreciate how sophisticated plants are with regards to the sensing of their mineral status and the maintaining of mineral homeostasis in the plant.

关键词： Plant mineral nutrient sensing and signaling root

Towards standardizing retinal optical coherence tomography angiography:a review

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第4期11卷 520-541页

作者： Danuta M.Sampson Adam M.Dubis Fred K.Chen robert J.Zawadzki David D.Sampson Surrey Biophotonics Centre for VisionSpeech and Signal Processing and School of Biosciences and MedicineThe University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorflelds Eye Hospital NHS Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology London EC1V 2PDUK. Centre for Ophthalmology and visual Science(incorporating Lions Eye Institute) The University of Western AustraliaNedlandsWestern Australia 6009Australia. Department of Ophthalmology Royal Perth HospitalPerthWestern Australia 6000Australia. Ophthalmology Department of SurgeryUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria 3002Australia. Department of Ophthalmology&vision Science University of California DavisSacramentoCA 95817USA. Surrey Biophotonics Advanced Technology InstituteSchool of Physics and School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of SurreyGuildfordSurrey GU27XHUK

The visualization and assessment of retinal microvasculature are important in the study,diagnosis,monitoring,and guidance of treatment of ocular and systemic *** the introduction of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it has become possible to visualize the retinal microvasculature volumetrically and without a contrast *** lab-based and commercial clinical instruments,imaging protocols and data analysis methods and metrics,have been applied,often inconsistently,resulting in a confusing picture that represents a major barrier to progress in applying OCTA to reduce the burden of *** data and software sharing,and cross-comparison and pooling of data from different studies are *** inabilities have impeded building the large databases of annotated OCTA images of healthy and diseased retinas that are necessary to study and define characteristics of specific *** paper addresses the steps needed to standardize OCTA imaging of the human retina to address these *** review of the OCTA literature,we identify issues and inconsistencies and propose minimum standards for imaging protocols,data analysis methods,metrics,reporting of findings,and clinical practice and,where this is not possible,we identify areas that require further *** hope that this paper will encourage the unification of imaging protocols in OCTA,promote transparency in the process of data collection,analysis,and reporting,and facilitate increasing the impact of OCTA on retinal healthcare delivery and life science investigations.

关键词： transparency steps inconsistent

A review of strategies to overcome immune resistance in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2023年第3期6卷 656-673页

作者： Kenneth Sooi robert Walsh Nesaretnam Kumarakulasinghe Alvin Wong Natalie Ngoi Department of Haematology-Oncology National University Cancer InstituteSingapore 119228Singapore

Immunotherapy has become integral in cancer therapeutics over the past two decades and is now part of standard-of-care treatment in multiple cancer types. While various biomarkers and pathway alterations such as dMMR, CDK12, and AR-v7 have been identified in advanced prostate cancer to predict immunotherapy responsiveness, the vast majority of prostate cancer remain intrinsically immune-resistant, as evidenced by low response rates to anti-PD(L)1 monotherapy. Since regulatory approval of the vaccine therapy sipuleucel-T in the biomarker-unselected population, there has not been much success with immunotherapy treatment in advanced prostate cancer. Researchers have looked at various strategies to overcome immune resistance, including the identification of more biomarkers and the combination of immunotherapy with existing effective prostate cancer treatments. On the horizon, novel drugs using bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) and chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) technology are being explored and have shown promising early efficacy in this disease. Here we discuss the features of the tumour microenvironment that predispose to immune resistance and rational strategies to enhance antitumour responsiveness in advanced prostate cancer.

关键词： Prostate cancer immunotherapy immune checkpoint inhibitor immune resistance tumour microenvironment

Introduction to a Requirements Engineering Framework for Aeronautics

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2010年第9期3卷 894-900页

作者： robert Abo 不详

This paper introduces a framework to produce and to manage quality requirements of embedded aeronautical systems, called the ‘Requirements Engineering Framework’ (REF). It aims at making the management of the requirement lifecycle easier, from the specification of the purchaser’s needs, to their implementation in the final products, and also their verification, while controlling costs. REF is based on the main standards of aeronautics, in particular RTCA DO-254, and RTCA DO-178B standards. An implementation of REF, using the IBM Rational DOORS and IBM Rational Change tools, is also presented in this paper.

关键词： Aeronautics Requirements Engineering RTCA DO-254 and RTCA DO-178B Standards v-Model