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Making chiral molecular knots and links stereospecifically

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National Science Review 2023年第3期10卷 58-59页

作者： Huang Wu Chun Tang Long Zhang j.fraser Stoddart Department of Chemistry Northwestern University School of Chemistry University of New South Wales Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University ZjU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center

Topological structures [1,2],i.e.,knots and links,grace the macroscopic world in the form of biomorphs and artificial tools,all the way down to the molecular scale,such as catenated DNA and *** inherently exists in structures in which mirror-image topologies cannot be superimposed upon themselves without disassembling the topological *** the chirality we are most familiar with is based on stereogenic centers,

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Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks:A Rising Class of Porous Molecular Materials

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Accounts of Materials Research 2020年第1期1卷 77-87页

作者： Penghao Li Matthew R.Ryder j.fraser Stoddart Department of Chemistry Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois 60208United States Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37831United States Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Chemistry University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

CONSPECTUS:Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks(HOFs)are a class of porous molecular materials that rely on the assembly of organic building blocks by means of hydrogen-bonding interactions to form two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)crystalline *** reversible nature of the hydrogenbond formation endows HOFs with the attributes of solution processability and simple ***-quality single crystals of HOFs can be grown easily for unambiguous superstructure determination by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,which is crucial for the elucidation of superstructure−property *** the past decade,considerable progress has been achieved in realizing stable HOFs with permanent porosities by focusing on the design of molecular building blocks in order to introduce rigidity,auxiliary[π···π]interactions,and interpenetration of their frameworks to sustain the extended *** applications of HOFs are far-reaching,spanning catalysis,energy,and biomedical products as well as the storage and separation of fine *** this Account,we,first of all,provide an overview of the chronological development of HOFs,starting from the seminal work by Marsh and Duchamp in 1969 on the crystal superstructure of the hydrogen-bonded networks of trimesic *** identify the development of novel hydrogen-bonding motifs such as diaminotriazine(DTA),the introduction of the concept of molecular tectonics,and the establishment of permanent porosity in HOFs as being some of the milestones,which incentivized the current burgeoning research endeavors on developing HOFs as multifunctional *** Account is focused primarily on surveying the strategies for constructing porous 3D HOFs based on organic building blocks with peripheral carboxyl *** strategies are presented in the following categories:(1)the polycatenation of 2D networks by trigonal building blocks to form global 3D frameworks,(2)the utilization of building blocks with 3D geometrie

关键词： properties. bonding bonded

The Rise and Promise of Molecular Nanotopology

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CCS Chemistry 2021年第7期3卷 1542-1572页

作者： Qing-Hui Guo Yang jiao Yuanning Feng j.fraser Stoddart Department of Chemistry Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208 Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science Department of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027 ZjU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311215 School of Chemistry University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052

Molecular nanotopology—a term we coined recently—is a rapidly developing field of research that is emerging out of the confluence of chemical topology with the mechanical *** perusing the increased research activities in this field,it is clear that a new discipline is ready to receive recognition in its own *** this Mini-Review,we address the historical development of chemical topology and describe how the rational design and practical synthesis of molecular links and knots with mechanical bonds.

关键词： chemical topology helicates interwoven grids mechanical bonds molecular knots molecular links nanoconfinement networks template synthesis topological chirality

Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen robert j.Thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

Whither Second-Sphere Coordination?

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CCS Chemistry 2022年第3期4卷 755-784页

作者： Wenqi Liu Partha j.Das Howard M.Colquhoun j.fraser Stoddart Department of Chemistry Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208 Department of Chemistry University of ReadingReading RG66DX School of Chemistry University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052 Department of Chemistry Stoddart Institute of Molecular ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027 ZjU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311215

The properties of coordination complexes are dictated by both the metals and the *** use of molecular receptors as second-sphere ligands enables significant modulation of the chemical and physical properties of coordination *** this minireview,we highlight recent advances in functional systems based on molecular receptors as second-sphere coordination ligands,as applied in molecular recognition,synthesis of mechanically interlocked molecules,separation of metals,catalysis,and biomolecular *** functional systems demonstrate that second-sphere coordination is an emerging and very promising strategy for addressing societal challenges in health,energy,and the environment.

关键词： catalysis coordination complexes mechanically interlocked molecules metal recovery molecular recognition supramolecular chemistry

Subtypes of functional dyspepsia

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第17期12卷 2667-2671页

作者： Georgina Baker robert j.fraser Graeme Young Department of Gastroenterology Repatriation General Hospital and Flinders Medical Centre Australia

Functional dyspepsia is a common clinical condition characterised by chronic or recurrent upper abdominal pain or discomfort commonly associated with a variety of associated gastrointestinal symptoms and a normal endoscopy. To standardise research-based approaches, an initial categorisation of into sub groups was agreed to, based on clusters of symptoms. However the early expectation that these subgroups would be associated with distinct pathophysiologies amenable to specific therapy has not been realised. A classification based on the most troublesome symptom has been suggested but the utility of this is also unclear. More recent data suggest that some of the pathophysiologic dysfunctions may be associated with specific symptoms and so provide a better tool for grouping patients. But this approach remains incomplete as current insights into the pathogenesis are still too limited for this to be satisfactory. In conclusion, no classification provides for an adequate treatment-based approach to the syndrome of functional dyspepsia. As a consequence treatment remains largely empiric.

关键词： Functional dyspepsia Classification Subtypes Symptoms Pathophysiology Management

Reticular exploration of uranium-based metal-organic frameworks with hexacarboxylate building units

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Nano Research 2021年第2期14卷 376-380页

作者： Zhijie Chen Penghao Li Xuan Zhang Mohammad Rasel Mian Xingjie Wang Peng Li Zhichang Liu Michael O’Keeffe j.fraser Stoddart Omar K.Farha Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIllinois 60208USA School of Molecular Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287USA Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis Tianjin University92 Weijin RoadTianjin 300072China School of Chemistry University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Department of Chemical&Biological Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois 60208USA

The rational reticular design of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)from building units of known geometries is essential for enriching the diversity of MOF *** and intriguing structures,however,can also arise from subtle changes in the rigidity/length of organic linkers and/or synthetic ***,we report three uranium-based MOF structures—i.e.,NU-135X(X=0,1,2)—synthesized from trigonal planar uranyl nodes and triptycene-based hexacarboxylate ligands with variable arm lengths.A new chiral 3,6-connected nuc net was observed in NU-1350,while the extended versions of the ligand led to 3-fold catenated MOFs(NU-1351 and NU-1352)with rare 3,6-connected cml-c3 *** differences in the topology of NU-1350 and NU-1351/NU-1352 could be attributed to the slight distortions of the shorter linker in the former from the ideal trigonal prism geometry to an octahedral geometry when coordinated to the trigonal planar uranyl nodes.

关键词： reticular chemistry uranium-based m etal-organic frameworks(MOFs) hexacarboxylate 3 6-connected net catenation actinide

Nutritional support teams increase percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy uptake in motor neuron disease

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第44期18卷 6461-6467页

作者： Lin Zhang Leanne Sanders robert jL fraser Nutrition and Dietetic Department Flinders Uni- versity of South Australia Bedford Park 5042 South Australia Australia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Repa- triation General Hospital Daw Park 5041 South Australia Aus- tralia School of Medicine Flinders University of South Australia Bedford Park 5042 South Australia Australia

AIM:To examine factors influencing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG) uptake and outcomes in motor neuron disease(MND) in a tertiary care ***:Case notes from all patients with a confirmed diagnosis of MND who had attended the clinic at the Repatriation General Hospital between january 2007 and january 2011 and who had since died,were *** were extracted for demographics(age and gender),disease characteristics(date of onset,bulbar or peripheral predominance,complications),date and nature of discussion of gastrostomy insertion,nutritional status [weight measurements,body mass index(BMI)],date of gastrostomy insertion and subsequent progress(duration of survival) and quality of life(QoL) [Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised(ALSFRS-R)].In addition,the type of clinician initiating the discussion regarding gastrostomy was recorded as Nutritional Support Team(involved in providing nutrition input viz Gastroenterologist,Speech Pathologist,Dietitian) and other(involved in non-nutritional aspects of patient care).Factors affecting placement and outcomes including length of survival,change in weight and QoL were ***:Case records were available for all 86 patients(49 men,mean age at diagnosis 66.4 years).Thirty-eight patients had bulbar symptoms and 48 had peripheral disease as their presenting ***-six patients reported ***-one patients had undergone gastrostomy *** major indications for PEG placement were dysphagia and weight *** patients required immediate full feeding,whereas 17 patients initially used the gastrostomy to supplement oral intake,4 for medication administration and 1 for *** the PEG regime met 73% ± 31% of the estimated total energy requirements,increasing to 87% ± 32% prior to *** was stabilization of weight in patients undergoing gastrostomy [BMI at 3 mo(22.6 ± 2.2 kg/m 2) and 6 mo(22.5 ± 2.0 kg/m 2) after PEG placement compared to

关键词： Motor neuron disease Multidisciplinary ma-nagement Nutrition support team Percutaneous endo-scopic gastrostomy Survival

Proximal gastric motility in critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第2期13卷 270-275页

作者： Nam Q Nguyen robert j.fraser Laura K Bryant Marianne Chapman Richard H Holloway Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and General Medicine Royal Adelaide Hospital South Australia Investigation and Procedures Unit Repatriation General Hospital South Australia Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Royal Adelaide Hospital South Australia

AIM： To investigate the proximal gastric motor response to duodenal nutrients in critically ill patients with longstanding type 2 diabetes ***： Proximal gastric motility was assessed （using a barostat） in 10 critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （59±3 years） during two 60-min duodenal infusions of Ensure （1 and 2 kcal/min）, in random order, separated by 2h fasting. Data were compared with 15 non-diabetic critically ill patients （48 ± 5 years） and 10 healthy volunteers （28 ±3 years）. RESULTS： Baseline proximal gastric volumes were similar between the three groups. In diabetic patients, proximal gastric relaxation during I kcal/min nutrient infusion was similar to non-diabetic patients and healthy controls. In contrast, relaxation during 2 kcal/ min infusion was initially reduced in diabetic patients （P 〈 0.05） but increased to a level similar to healthy humans, unlike non-diabetic patients where relaxation was impaired throughout the infusion. Duodenal nutrient stimulation reduced the fundic wave frequency in a dose-dependent fashion in both the critically ill diabetic patients and healthy subjects, but not in critically ill patients without diabetes. Fundic wave frequency in diabetic patients and healthy subjects was greater than in non-diabetic ***： In patients with diabetes mellitus, proximal gastric motility is less disturbed than nondiabetic patients during critical illness, suggesting that these patients may not be at greater risk of delayed gastric emptying.

关键词： Proximal gastric function Diabetes mellitus type 2 Critical illness Enteral nutrition