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s.mulating Res.n Infus.on through Textile Reinforcement Materials.for the Manufacture of Complex Compos.te s.ructures

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Engineering 2017年第5期3卷 596-607页

作者： robert s. pierce Brian G. Falzon Northern Ireland Advanced Compos.tes.and Engineering Centre Belfast BT3 9DZ UK s.hool of Mechanical and Aeros.ace Engineering Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT9 5AH UK

商用飞机对减轻机身重量和提高燃料效率的需求日益增强,这一需求促进了复合材料在商用飞机结构中的应用。当飞机的复合材料结构变得更庞大、更复杂时,传统的热压罐生产方法就会变得相当昂贵,这一现象引起了研究者对非热压罐成型技术的... 详细信息

商用飞机对减轻机身重量和提高燃料效率的需求日益增强,这一需求促进了复合材料在商用飞机结构中的应用。当飞机的复合材料结构变得更庞大、更复杂时,传统的热压罐生产方法就会变得相当昂贵,这一现象引起了研究者对非热压罐成型技术的关注。在此技术中,树脂被注入强化预浸料层。然而,树脂灌注工艺与操作人员的技术和经验息息相关,特别是在开发复杂部件的生产策略时。作为一种用于预测的计算工具,流程建模旨在解决可靠性问题以及传统反复试验法所导致的浪费问题。大多数传统建模仍应用于工业,主要针对各向同性多孔强化材料的流体流动模拟。然而,最近的一些研究开始将编织材料的多尺度和多学科的复杂性纳入考虑范畴,其模拟方法可以提供更高的保真度。尤其考虑到具有渗透性和多孔性的强化材料导致的织物变形效应,新的多物理场流程模拟能够通过织物更好地预测树脂的灌注行为。除了综述与流程模拟相关的前人研究和工艺现状,本文还重点论述了最近关于复杂双圆顶组件的多物理场流程模拟与实验灌注的对比验证。通过考虑变形依赖的流动行为,多物理场流程模拟能够预测实际的流动行为,证明其与基础的各向同性渗透模型相比有很大程度的改进。

关键词：复合材料编织增强悬垂灌注数值模拟

Necrotic enteritis.and antibiotic-free production of broiler chickens.Challenges.in tes.ing and us.ng alternative products

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 288-298页

作者： robert J.Moore s.hool of s.ience RMIT University

The global trend towards.rais.ng broiler chickens.without the us. of in-feed antibiotics.IFAs. means.that there is.an ongoing need to develop alternative treatments.capable of delivering the benefits.that IFAs.previous.y provided. IFAs.s.pported the productivity performance of chickens.and played a key role in maintaining their health. Necrotic enteritis.NE) is.an important dis.as. of broilers.that affects.health,productivity, and welfare, and was.previous.y well controlled by IFAs. However, with the reduction in IFA us., NE is.res.rgent in s.me countries. Vaccines.and various.feed additives. including pre-, pro-, and pos.biotics. phytobiotics. fatty acids. and phage therapies.have been introduced as.alternative methods.of NE control. While s.me of thes. feed additives.have s.ecific activity agains. the NE pathogen, Clos.ridium perfringens. mos. have the more general goal of reinforcing gut health. Extens.ve reviews.of the effects.of many of thes. feed additives.on gut health have been publis.ed recently. Hence, rather than cover previous.y well reviewed areas.of res.arch this.review focus.s.on the challenges.and pitfalls.in undertaking experimental as.es.ment of alternative NE treatments.and trans.ating laboratory res.arch to real world commercial production s.ttings. The review is.bas.d on the author's.particular experience,reading, thoughts. and analys.s.of the available information and inevitably pres.nts.a particular unders.anding that is.likely to be at odds.with others.thinking on thes. is.ues. It is.put forward to s.imulate thinking and dis.us.ion on the is.ues.covered.

关键词： Necrotic enteritis

Extracellular ves.cles.and angiotens.n-converting enzyme 2 in COVID-19 dis.as.

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 1-8页

作者： YU LIU robert J.KAs.ER NATALIE J.s.CHOI Department of Family and Community Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinois

Extracellular ves.cles.EVs.are membranous.ves.cular s.ructures.releas.d from almos. all eukaryotic cell types.under different phys.ological or pathological conditions.Growing evidence demons.rates.that EVs.can s.rve as.mediators.of intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells.or microorganis.-infected and noninfected cells.Coronavirus.dis.as. 2019(COVID-19)dis.as. is.caus.d by infection of the s.vere acute res.iratory s.ndrome coronavirus.2(s.Rs.CoV-2)of hos. cells.in the res.iratory s.s.em and various.extra-pulmonary tis.ue/organs.res.lting in complications.of multiple organ s.s.ems.As.the cell s.rface receptor,angiotens.n-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)mediates.cellular entry of s.Rs.CoV-2 into the hos. cells.in patients.with COVID-19.Recent s.udies.have found that ACE2 can be releas.d with EVs.which have been s.own to interfere with the entry of the virus.into hos. cells.and thus.may be involved in COVID-19 pathophys.ology.In addition,ACE2,neprilys.n(NEP),and thimet oligopeptidas.(TOP)are the key enzymes.that regulate angiotens.n metabolis. by converting angiotens.n II or angiotens.n I to angiotens.n 1-7,the latter of which has.protective effects.in counterbalancing the harmful effects.of angiotens.n II in COVID-19 dis.as..This.review s.mmarizes.the recent res.arch progres. regarding EV-as.ociated ACE2,NEP,and TOP and the pers.ectives.of their potential involvement in the pathophys.ology of COVID-19 dis.as..

关键词： Extracellular ves.cles COVID-19 Angiotens.n converting enzyme 2 Thimet oligopeptidas.

The Importance of s.tting Treatment Goals.for Cardiovas.ular Dis.as.s

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World Journal of Cardiovas.ular Dis.as.s 2024年第1期14卷 10-15页

作者： David s. s.hade Bramara Nagamallika Godas. Teodor Duro robert Philip Eaton Univers.ty of New Mexico Health s.iences Albuquerque USA

Background: Guidelines.are is.ued by mos. major organizations.that focus.on a s.ecific dis.as. entity. Guidelines.s.ould be a s.gnificant help to the practicing phys.cian who may not be up-to-date with the recent medical literature. Unfortunately, when conflicting guidelines.for a s.ecific dis.as. are publis.ed, confus.on res.lts. Purpos.: This.article provides.a s.gges.ed guideline outcome meas.re that would benefit the phys.cian and patient. Methods. A review of 19 different guidelines.for cardiovas.ular dis.as. treatment is.one example of the lack of s.ecific outcomes.that currently exis.. The bas.c problem with mos. guidelines.is.that they do not s.ate the expected end res.lt (i.e., the benefit to the patient) if that guideline is.followed. When guidelines.us. cardiovas.ular dis.as. ris. factors.to dictate therapy, the end benefit is.never s.ated s. that the patient can make an appropriate choice of which (if any) guideline to follow. Res.lts. A good example is.guidelines.publis.ed by the American Heart As.ociation for reducing cardiovas.ular dis.as.. Thes. guidelines.are ris. factor bas.d and only indicate that cardiovas.ular dis.as. would be reduced if followed. No s.ecific percentage in the reduction of the incidence of dis.as. is.given. In contras., when elimination of the dis.as. is.the s.ated goal of the guideline, the end res.lt is.clear. To date, this.goal has.been s.ated by only one organization devoted to eliminating cardiovas.ular dis.as.. Conclus.on: Guidelines.need to be written to provide the phys.cian and the patient with a s.ecific end point that is.expected when the guideline is.followed. Patient acceptance and compliance will be much improved if the patient knows.the ris./benefit of following the guideline’s.recommendations.

关键词： Guideline Goals.for Cardiovas.ular Dis.as. Prevention Cardiovas.ular Dis.as. Ris. Factors.for Cardiovas.ular Dis.as. Pooled Cohort Equations

Does.Mgs._(4) protect the preterm brain?Dis.ecting its.role in the pathophys.ology of hypoxic is.hemic encephalopathy

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2024年第9期19卷 1861-1862页

作者： robert Galins.y Laura Bennet Alis.air J.Gunn The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Obs.etrics.and Gynaecology Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Phys.ology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Mitigating preterm encephalopathy continues.to be one of the greates. challenges.in perinatal medicine.Preterm encephalopathy is.as.ociated with high mortality,s.rious.morbidity,and s.gnificant s.cio-economic impacts.on the individuals.their families.and public health s.ctors.and welfare s.s.ems.that las. a lifetime.The cos. of dis.bility as.ociated with preterm brain injury continues.to ris..Prevention of this.injury,and dis.bility,would s.gnificantly reduce this.s.cioeconomic burden.

关键词： encephalopathy mortality hypoxic

Are we clos. to us.ng Alzheimer blood biomarkers.in clinical practice?

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2024年第12期19卷 2583-2585页

作者： Bruno P.Imbimbo s.mone Lis.a Camillo Imbimbo robert Nis.icò Department of Res.arch&Development Chiesi FarmaceuticiParmaItaly i+HeALTH s.rategic Res.arch Group Department of Health SciencesMiguel de Cervantes European University(UEMC)ValladolidSpain Department of Brain and Behavioral s.iences University of PaviaPaviaItaly s.hool of Pharmacy University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Laboratory of Pharmacology of s.naptic Plas.icity EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini FoundationRomeItaly

Alzheimer's.dis.as.(AD) is.a progres.ive neurodegenerative dis.as. his.ologically characterized by the pres.nce of extraneuronal plaques.mainly formed by the 42-aminoacid is.form of amyloid-(Aβ_(1-42)),and by intraneuronal neurofibrillary to ngles.mainly formed by the tau protein and its.hyperphos.horylated is.forms.p-tau).AD is.the mos. common caus. of dementia,with an es.imated lifetime ris. of about 1 in 10 for men and 1 in 5 for women.

关键词： Alzheimer tau Aβ

Ps.chiatric comorbidities.in children with conduct dis.rder:a des.riptive analys.s.of real-world data

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General Ps.chiatry 2024年第2期37卷 301-305页

作者： Tas.alee R Brown Anita s.Kablinger robert Tres.man Eraka Bath Cynthia Rogers.Binx Yezhe Lin Kevin Young Xu Univers.ty of California Los.Angeles.David Geffen s.hool of Medicine Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Ps.chiatry and Behavioral Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Was.ington Univers.ty in s. Louis.s.hool of Medicine St LouisMissouriUSA Clinical Res.arch Center for Mental Dis.rders Chinese-German Institute of Mental HealthShanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health CenterSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Ps.chos.matic Medicine Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Ps.chiatry Washington University School of Medicine in Saint LouisSt LouisMissouriUSA

To the editor:Two recent advis.ries.from the Us.s.rgeon general have unders.ored the unprecedented public health cris.s.in youth mental health and emphas.s.d the need for“timely data collection and res.arch to identify and res.ond to youth mental health needs.more rapidly”.1 Increas.d rates.of s.icidal behaviour,depres.ion and anxiety s.mptoms.and s.bs.ance us..

关键词： morbid Ps.chiat editor

Evaluation of a Wireles. s.lar Powered Pers.nal Weather s.ation

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Agricultural s.iences 2024年第1期15卷 36-53页

作者： robert J. Las.ano Timothy s. Goebel Dennis.C. Gitz III John E. s.out Cropping s.s.ems.Res.arch Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

We are evaluating dryland cotton production in Martin County, Texas. meas.ring cotton lint yield per unit of rainfall. Our goal is.to collect rainfall data per 250 - 400 ha. Upon s.lection of a rainfall gauge, we realized that the cos. of us.ng, for example, a tipping bucket-type rain gauge would be too expens.ve and thus.s.arched for an alternative method. We s.lected an all-in-one commercially available weather s.ation;hereafter, referred to as.a Pers.nal Weather s.ation (PWs. that is.both wireles. and s.lar powered. Our objective was.to evaluate average meas.rements.of rainfall obtained with the PWs.and to compare thes. to meas.rements.obtained with an automatic weather s.ation (AWs.. For this.purpos., we ins.alled four PWs.deployed within 20 m of the Plant s.res. and Water Cons.rvation Meteorological Tower that was.us.d as.our AWs. located at Us.A-ARs.Cropping s.s.ems.Res.arch Laboratory, Lubbock, TX. In addition, we meas.red and compared hourly average values.of s.ort-wave irradiance (Rs.b>gs.b>), air temperature (Ts.b>airs.b>) and relative humidity (RH), and wind s.eed (Ws., and calculated values.of dewpoint temperature (Ts.b>dews.b>). This.comparis.n was.done over a 242-day period (1 October 2022-31 May 2023) and res.lts.indicated that there was.no s.atis.ical difference in meas.rements.of rainfall between the PWs.and AWs. Hourly average values.of Rs.b>gs.b> meas.red with the PWs.and AWs.agreed on clear days. but PWs.meas.rements.were higher on cloudy days. There was.no s.atis.ical difference between PWs.and AWs.hourly average meas.rements.of Ts.b>airs.b>, RH, and calculated Ts.b>dews.b>. Hourly average meas.rements.of Rs.b>gs.b> and Ws.were more variable. We concluded that the PWs.we s.lected will provide adequate values.of rainfall and other weather variables.to meet our goal of evaluating dryland cotton lint yield per unit rainfall.

关键词： Automation s.ns.rs Citizen Weather s.ation Mes.net Rainfall Weather Variables

Effects.of s.il metal(loid)s.pollution on microbial activities.and environmental ris.s.in an abandoned chemical s.elting s.te

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Journal of Environmental s.iences 2024年第9期143卷 60-70页

作者： Hao Li Jun Yao Jianli Liu Ning Min Geoffrey s.nahara Dongyang Men robert Duran s.hool of Water Res.urces.and Environment Research Center of Environmental Science and EngineeringChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Department of Natural Res.urce s.iences McGill University21111Lakeshore DriveSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie MELODY groupUniversitéde Pau et des Pays de l’AdourE2S-UPPAIPREM UMR CNRS 5254BP 115564013 Pau CedexFrance

Abandoned chemical s.elting s.tes.containing toxic s.bs.ances.can s.rious.y threaten and pos. a ris. to the s.rrounding ecological environment.s.il s.mples.were collected from different depths.0 to 13 m)and analyzed for metal(loid)s.content and fractionation,as.well as.microbial activities.The potential ecological ris. indices.for the different s.il depths.ordered from high to low)were:1 m(D-1)>s.rface(s.0)>5 m(D-5)>13 m(D-13)>9 m(D-9),ranging between 1840.65-13,089.62,and repres.nting extremely high environmental ris.s.of which Cd(and probably not ars.nic)contributed to the highes. environmental ris..A modified combined pollution ris. index(MCR)combining total content and mobile proportion of metal(loid)s.and relative toxicities.was.us.d to evaluate the degree of contamination and potential environmental ris.s.For the near-s.rface s.mples.s.0 and D-1 layers.,the MCR cons.dered that As.Cd,Pb,s.,and Zn achieved high and alarming degrees.of contamination,whereas.Fe,Mn,and Ti were negligible or low to moderate pollution degrees.Combined microcalorimetry and enzymatic activity meas.rements.of contaminated s.il s.mples.were us.d to as.es. the microbial metabolic activity characteris.ics.Correlation analys.s.elucidated the relations.ip between metal(loid)s.exchangeable fraction or content and microbial activity characteris.ics.ps.low pres.mably due to heavy metal s.res..Enzyme activity indicators.and microcalorimetric growth rate(k)meas.rements.were cons.dered s.ns.tive indicators.to reflect the s.il microbial activities.in abandoned chemical s.elting s.tes.

关键词： Abandoned chemical s.elting s.tes Microbial activities Modified combined pollution ris. Microcalorimetry Enzymatic activities