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Excess dietary Lys reduces feed intake, stimulates jejunal CCK secretion and alters essential and non‑essential blood AA profile in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1336-1346页

作者： Maximiliano Muller Elout Van Liefferinge Alan Tilbrook robert van Barneveld Eugeni Roura Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality(LANUPRO) Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University339000 GhentFlandersBelgium Centre for Animal Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia SunPork Group BrisbaneQueensland 4009Australia

Background Commercial diets are frequently formulated to meet or exceed nutrient levels including those of lim-iting essential amino acids(AA)covering potential individual variations within the ***,the provision of dietary excess of AA,such as Lys,may lead to reduced appetite and growth in *** mechanisms modulat-ing these responses have not been extensively *** study evaluated the effect of Lys dietary excesses on performance and satiety biomarkers in post weaning *** Twenty-four pigs aged 21 d and weighing 6.81±0.12kg(mean±SEM)were individually housed and offered 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 3weeks:a diet containing a standardized ileal digestible Lys reaching 100%(T0),120%(T1),150%(T2)or 200%(T3)of the NRC(2012)*** the end of the experiment,blood samples from the cephalic vein of the T0 and T3 groups were obtained for AA *** addition,primary intestinal cultures from T0 pigs were used,following their humane killing,to evaluate the effect of Lys on gut hormone secretion and AA sensors gene expression under ex vivo *** Feed intake was linearly reduced(P<0.001)and the weight gain to feed ratio reduced(P<0.10)with increased dietary levels of Lys during the third-and first-week post weaning,*** con-centration(P<0.05)and the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and the solute carrier family 7 member 2(P<0.10)gene expression was enhanced in proximal jejunum tissues incubated with Lys at 20mmol/L when compared to the control(Lys 0mmol/L).Plasma Lys and Glu(P<0.05)concentration increased in the T3 compared to T0 *** contrast,plasma levels of His,Val,Thr,Leu(P<0.05)and Gln(P<0.10)were lower in T3 than T0 *** The present results confirm that excess dietary Lys inhibits hunger in ***,the results provide evidence of pre-and post-absorptive mechanisms modulating these *** dietary excesses should be nar-rowed,when possible,to avoid negative effects of

关键词： Amino acid Blood Cholecystokinin Feed intake Lysine Pig Satiety

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Hydrodynamic function and spring constant calibration of FluidFM micropipette cantilevers

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 277-286页

作者： Attila Bonyár Ágoston G.Nagy Hans Gunstheimer Gotthold Fläschner robert Horvath Department of Electronics Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and InformaticsBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapestHungary Nanobiosensorics Laboratory Institute of Technical Physics and Materials ScienceCentre for Energy ResearchHUN-RENBudapestHungary Nanosurf AG Gräubernstrasse 12CH-4410 LiestalSwitzerland

Fluidic force microscopy(FluidFM)fuses the force sensitivity of atomic force microscopy with the manipulation capabilities of microfluidics by using microfabricated cantilevers with embedded fluidic *** innovation initiated new research and development directions in biology,biophysics,and material *** acquire reliable and reproducible data,the calibration of the force sensor is ***,the hollow FluidFM cantilevers contain a row of parallel pillars inside a rectangular *** precise spring constant calibration of the internally structured cantilever is far from trivial,and existing methods generally assume simplifications that are not applicable to these special types of *** addition,the Sader method,which is currently implemented by the FluidFM community,relies on the precise measurement of the quality factor,which renders the calibration of the spring constant sensitive to *** this study,the hydrodynamic function of these special types of hollow cantilevers was experimentally determined with different *** on the hydrodynamic function,a novel spring constant calibration method was adapted,which relied only on the two resonance frequencies of the cantilever,measured in air and in a *** on these results,our proposed method can be successfully used for the reliable,noise-free calibration of hollow FluidFM cantilevers.

关键词： spring cantilever function

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音乐理论教学法:保罗教了娜迪亚什么

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音乐研究 2024年第2期 134-136,I0029,I0030,137,138,I0031-I0034,139,140,I0035,I0036,141-144,I0037,I0038,145页

作者： [美]罗伯特·耶丁根() 艾力(译) 不详中央音乐学院作曲系

尽管会有一支敬业的音乐学者团队在辛勤地教导那些渴求知识却准备不足的学生,但若进行客观评价,美国的和声教学仍是一个巨大的失败。这些学生被传授了一些“关于”和声的知识,就好像这些知识真的与调性或者与想象中的和弦的“愿望”有... 详细信息

尽管会有一支敬业的音乐学者团队在辛勤地教导那些渴求知识却准备不足的学生,但若进行客观评价,美国的和声教学仍是一个巨大的失败。这些学生被传授了一些“关于”和声的知识,就好像这些知识真的与调性或者与想象中的和弦的“愿望”有关系。只有在学院以外学习过相关技能的学生才能在专业的水准上表演和创作和声,然而状况并不总是如此令人沮丧。比如,娜迪亚·布朗热曾经从巴黎音乐学院的教师保罗·维达尔那里学习了和声的艺术。她并没有被教授用罗马数字标记和弦或者和弦功能,而是把和声当作一门表演艺术来学习,就好像在表达和声题中所给的旋律或低音中隐藏的某些东西一样。

关键词：和声巴黎音乐学院娜迪亚·布朗热保罗·维达尔音乐理论

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Three-stage pyrolysis–steam reforming–water gas shift processing of household,commercial and industrial waste plastics for hydrogen production

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 25-37页

作者： Rayed Alshareef robert Sait-Stewart Mohamad A.Nahil Paul T.Williams School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

Five common single plastics and nine different household,commercial and industrial waste plastics were processed using a three-stage(i)pyrolysis,(ii)catalytic steam reforming and(iii)water gas shift reaction system to produce *** of plastics produces a range of different hydrocarbon species which are subsequently catalytically steam reformed to produce H_(2)and CO and then undergo water gas shift reaction to produce further H_(2).The process mimics the commercial process for hydrogen production from natural *** of the single polyalkene plastics(high-density polyethylene(HDPE),low-density polyethylene(LDPE),and polypropylene(PP))produced similar H_(2)yields between 115 mmol and 120 mmol per gram *** though PS produced an aromatic product slate from the pyrolysis stage,further stages of reforming and water gas shift reaction produced a gas yield and composition similar to that of the polyalkene plastics(115 mmol H_(2)per gram plastic).PET gave significantly lower H_(2)yield(41 mmol per gram plastic)due to the formation of mainly CO,CO_(2)and organic acids from the pyrolysis stage which were not conducive to further reforming and water gas shift reaction.A mixture of the single plastics typical of that found in municipal solid waste produced a H_(2)yield of 102 mmol per gram *** the gas yields and composition from the single plastics enabled an estimation of the yields from a simulated waste plastic mixture and a‘real-world’waste plastic mixture to be *** different household,commercial and industrial waste plastic mixtures produced H_(2)yields between 70 mmol and 107 mmol per gram *** H_(2)yield and gas composition from the single waste plastics gave an indication of the type of plastics in the mixed waste plastic samples.

关键词： Waste plastic Hydrogen Catalyst Pyrolysis reforming Water gas shift

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Roadmapping Roadmapping:Strategic planning for roadmapping systems

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第3期11卷 516-527页

作者： robert PHAAL Clemens CHASKEL Ricardo GONZALEZ Nakazawa Jonathan ROSS Institute for Manufacturing University of CambridgeCambridgeCB30FSUK

Roadmapping is a well-established technique in the context of innovation and strategy,with the potential to support organizations address the complex transformative challenges facing humanity in the 21st *** is enabled by its systems-based architecture and visual form of roadmaps,supporting communication and reduction of information asymmetries in complex sociotechnical *** paper focuses on an adaptation of the roadmapping method to support strategic planning for roadmapping systems in organizations,addressing implementation *** represents a novel application of roadmapping to business processes and systems,demonstrating the flexibility of the roadmapping approach.A workshop template(‘R2’)and process for supporting the roadmapping of roadmapping systems is presented,developed and refined through a series of six industrial cases,and illustrated with an application example in the additive manufacturing sector.

关键词： roadmapping strategic planning innovation management

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梅雷特•奥本海姆公寓大厦

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世界建筑导报 2024年第3期39卷 114-117页

作者： robert Hösl(摄) Adriano A.Biondo(摄) 不详

项目场地。SBB公司是瑞士的一家国家铁路公司,同时也是瑞士最大的土地所有者之一,它在瑞士全国各城市中心的黄金地段都拥有地产。在过去几年中,这些未被充分开发的黄金地段的潜力被不断地挖掘了出来,从而推进了巴塞尔、苏黎世、卢塞恩... 详细信息

项目场地。SBB公司是瑞士的一家国家铁路公司,同时也是瑞士最大的土地所有者之一,它在瑞士全国各城市中心的黄金地段都拥有地产。在过去几年中,这些未被充分开发的黄金地段的潜力被不断地挖掘了出来,从而推进了巴塞尔、苏黎世、卢塞恩等城市主要车站周围市中心区域的高密度化。梅雷特•奥本海姆公寓大厦正是这样一个高密度化的城市更新项目,是Südpark集合建筑群的一部分。它位于瑞士巴塞尔的Gundeldinger区。该区人口稠密,是一个充满多样性且十分活跃的街区,被巴塞尔市民们称为“古德里(Gundeli)”,新大厦的建成将强化了该地区的整体形象。

关键词：城市更新高密度化土地所有者苏黎世瑞士巴塞尔市中心区域人口稠密整体形象

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澳大利亚洞穴岩画的保护

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内蒙古艺术学院学报 2024年第2期21卷 66-79页

作者： [澳大利亚]robert G.Bednarik 张嘉馨(译) 王荟(校) 国际岩画联合会(IFRAO) 澳大利亚维多利亚州3162 中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所北京100081 集美大学福建厦门361021

制定澳大利亚洞穴岩画国家管理计划的一个关键原因在于54个已知洞穴岩画遗址分布于多个不同语言群体的传统领地上,这些遗址既有私人土地、公共土地,也有松树种植园,且分布在不同州,管理体系不同;复杂的管理结构不利于洞穴岩画的统一保... 详细信息

制定澳大利亚洞穴岩画国家管理计划的一个关键原因在于54个已知洞穴岩画遗址分布于多个不同语言群体的传统领地上,这些遗址既有私人土地、公共土地,也有松树种植园,且分布在不同州,管理体系不同;复杂的管理结构不利于洞穴岩画的统一保护。虽然已根据现行管理措施对一些遗址进行了保护管理,但大部分遗址尚未得到妥善管理。鉴于所有遗址均面临相同的保护挑战,亟需一个统一而有效的保护机制。本文详尽列出了实现该目标的关键因素,并指出所有遗址均不适宜发展旅游业。人类参观活动是洞穴内岩画保护的最大威胁。建议可以考虑制作洞穴岩画复制品,法国和西班牙的实践经验均证实了这一方式是成功的。本管理计划建议成立一个负责所有澳大利亚洞穴岩画遗址的永久性保护的机构。

关键词：洞穴岩画岩画保护澳大利亚岩画

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技艺与诗:海德格尔和电影理论

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电影艺术 2024年第1期 35-41页

作者：罗伯特·辛纳布林克王嘉玮澳大利亚麦考瑞大学哲学系复旦大学中文系

虽然海德格尔基于对现代形而上学的反思和对现代技术的追问,对电影进行了批判,但其思想对当代电影理论和电影哲学具有深刻启发。电影作为一种技术艺术,参与到现代技术的“模棱两可性”之中。因此,有必要打破海德格尔将电影排除在诗性艺... 详细信息

虽然海德格尔基于对现代形而上学的反思和对现代技术的追问,对电影进行了批判,但其思想对当代电影理论和电影哲学具有深刻启发。电影作为一种技术艺术,参与到现代技术的“模棱两可性”之中。因此,有必要打破海德格尔将电影排除在诗性艺术之外的局限,缓和他对电影表象性的批判,承认电影的世界表象层面和诗性层面之间的相互作用,将电影作为诗,即一种诗意解蔽的媒介,并由此指明栖居于技术世界的可能方式。

关键词：海德格尔式电影技术集置技术艺术诗意解蔽

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Current knowledge about pyruvate supplementation:A brief review

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 295-301页

作者： robert A.Olek Sylwester Kujach Zsolt Radak Department of Athletics Strengthand ConditioningPoznan University of Physical EducationPoznanPoland Department of Neurophysiology Neuropsychology and NeuroinformaticsMedical University of GdanskGdanskPoland Research Institute of Sport Science Hungarian University of Sport ScienceBudapestHungary Faculty of Sport Sciences Waseda UniversityTokorozawaJapan

Pyruvate is a three-carbon ketoacid that occurs naturally in *** is produced through enzymatic reactions in the glycolytic pathway and plays a crucial role in energy *** promising early results,later wellcontrolled studies of physically active people have shown that pyruvate supplementation lasting more than 1 week has no ergogenic ***,some data suggest that ingested pyruvate may be preferentially metabolized without accumulation in the *** exhibits antioxidant activity and can affect the cellular redox state,and exogenous pyruvate can influence metabolism by affecting the acid-base balance of the *** brief review focuses on the potential effects of pyruvate as a supplement for active *** current state of understanding suggests that studies of the effects of pyruvate supplementation should prioritize investigating the timing of pyruvate intake.

关键词： Acidosis Bicarbonate Lactate Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Sirtuins

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Natural parasites in conjunction with behavioral and color traits explain male agonistic behaviors in a lizard

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 59-69页

作者： Rodrigo Megia-Palma Dhanashree Paranjpe robert D.Cooper Pauline Blaimont Barry Sinervo Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Parasitology UnitUniversidad de Alcala(UAH)E-28805Alcala de HenaresSpain CIBio Centro de Investigagao em Biodiversidade e Recursos GeneticosInBIO Laboratorio AssociadoCampus de VairaoUniversidade do PortoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairaoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal Rupa Rahul Bajaj Center for Environment and Art Empress Botanical GardensKavade MalaPuneIndia Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Biology University of Houston Downtown1Main St.HoustonTX 77002USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

Male competition conforms to a cost-benefit model,because while aggression may increase reproductive prospects,it can also increase the risk of *** hypothesize that an additional cost in aggressive males would be an increase in parasite load associated with a high energy investment into sexual *** of these infections,in turn,may downmodulate the level of host aggression via energetic *** staged dyadic male contests in the lab to investigate the relationships of multiple parasites with the agonistic behavior of lizard hosts,Sceloporus *** also included both color and behavioral traits from opponents in the analyses because(1)color patches of lizards may serve as intraspecific signals used by conspecifics to assess the quality of opponents,and(2)contests between male lizards fit classical models of escalated aggression,where lizards increase aggression displays in response to an opponent's *** results conform to our hypothesis because male lizards displayed more pushups when they had more ***,some parasites may modulate the levels of aggression because lizards infected by hematic coccidians performed fewer ***,lizards also displayed fewer pushups when both the chroma and size of the opponent's blue patch were *** results thus also supported the role of the blue patch of *** as a sexual armament,because it contributed to the deterrence of aggression from opponent *** revealed that natural parasitic infections in lizard hosts can contribute to their agonistic *** encourage future studies to account for parasites in behavioral testswithlizards.

关键词： Ixodes pacificus Lankesterella sexual selection social interactions ticks

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