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Assessment of metastatic liver disease in patients with primary extrahepatic tumors by contrast-enhanced sonography versus CT and MRI

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第11期12卷 1699-1705页

作者： Christoph f Dietrich Wolfgang Kratzer Deike Strobel Etienne Danse robert fessl Alfred Bunk Udo Vossas Karlheinz Hauenstein Wilhelm Koch Wolfgang Blank Matthijs Oudkerk Dietbert Hahn Christian Greis Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital 60590 FrankfurtGermany Department of Internal Medicine Ⅰ University Hospital Ulm 89070Germany Medical Clinic Ⅰ University Hospital Erlangen 91054Germany Department of Radiology University Hospital St.Luc Brussels 1200Belgium Department of Radiology Central Hospital Augsburg 86156Germany Department for Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery University HospitalDresden 01307Germany Department of Radiology Marien Hospital DUsseldorf 40479Germany Department of Radiology University Hospital Rostock 18055Germany Medical Clinic Ⅱ Leopoldina Hospital Schweinfurt 97422Germany Department of Internal Medicine Hospital am Steinenberg Reutlingen 72764Germany Department of Radiology University Hospital Groningen 9700Netherlands Department of Radiology University Hospital Würzburg 97080Germany Clinical Research Bracco Altana Pharma Konstanz 78467Germany

AIM： To evaluate contrast-enhanced ultrasonography （CEUS） using SonoVue in the detection of liver metastases in patients with known extrahepatic primary tumors versus the combined gold standard comprising CT, MRI and clinical/histological data. METHODS： It is an international multicenter study, and there were 12 centres and 125 patients （64 males, 61 females, aged 59 ± 11 years） involved, with 102 patients per protocol. Primary tumors were colorectal in 35%, breast in 27%, pancreatic in 17% and others in 21%. CEUS using SonoVue was employed with a Iow-mechanical-index technique and contrast-specific software using Siemens Elegra, Philips HDI 5000 and Acuson Sequoia; continuous scanning for at least five minutes. RESULTS： CEUS with SonoVue increased significantly the number of focal liver lesions detected versus unenhanced sonography. In 31.4% of the patients, more lesions were found after contrast enhancement. The total numbers of lesions detected were comparable with CEUS （55）, triple-phase spiral CT （61） and HRI with a liverspecific contrast agent （53）. Accuracy of detection of metastatic disease （i.e. at least one metastatic lesion） was significantly higher for CEUS （91.2%） than for unenhanced sonography （81.4%） and was similar to that of triple-phase spiral CT （89.2 %）. In 53 patients whose CEUS examination was negative, a follow-up examination 3-6 months later confirmed the absence of metastatic lesions in 50 patients （94.4%）. CONCLUSION： CEUS is proved to be reliable in the detection of liver metastases in patients with known extrahepatic primary tumors and suspected liver lesions.

关键词： CT MRI Metastasis Detection SonoVue

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Changes in Aesthetic Appeal of Tattoos Are Influenced by theAttractiveness of female Models

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Psychology Research 2017年第4期7卷 247-252页

作者： Jordan Ball robert J. f. Eisner Erskine College Due West USA

External perceptions of individuals based on the presence of tattoos were assessed. College students completed anonline attitudinal assessment in a 4 × 2 design. Participants were asked to rate the aesthetics of tattoos and models（11 women and 17 men） from Photoshopped images. Results （n = 152 usable of 177 collected） indicate that aswhole models and tattoos are not affected in aesthetic appeal, but individually some models and tattoos wereaffected. Tattoos were rated as better quality art when the model can be seen; thus, contextualization allows forgreater appreciation of the tattoo. Results support extant research that indicates women＇s attractiveness is notaffected by tattoos, which also providing a new approach for tattooed individuals.

关键词： tattoos, attraction, aesthetic appeal, body modification

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Adult Congenital Heart Disease in the Veteran Population:A Case-Based Report

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Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 2019年第B4期4卷 71-75页

作者： robert f.Hamburger,DO,MPH,fACC Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32608USA Malcom Randall VA Medical Center GainesvilleFL 32608USA

Simple forms of congenital heart disease can allow patients to go undiagnosed until they reach ***,improvements in care of patients with complex congenital heart disease are now allowing most patients to reach *** some patients with adult congenital heart disease can remain asymptomatic until later in life,it is possible for them to serve in the military and eventually fall under the care of Veterans Administration(VA)*** it is important for providers,especially cardiologists at VA centers,to have fundamental understanding of the management of adult congenital heart *** article provides multiple cases of adult congenital heart disease experienced at a single VA medical center and reviews the anatomy,physiology,and surgical management of each condition.

关键词： congenital heart disease atrial septal defect anomalous venous return sinus venosus defect cor triatriatum transposition of great arteries

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Characterizing motor impulsivity of individuals classified as overweight to obese

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第4期5卷 314-318页

作者： Kyle D.flack robert E.Anderson III Kylie f.Mcfee Bridgette T.Day Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition College of AgricultureUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

Deficits in the impulse control system are an important predictor of energy intake and body *** classified as overweight to obese may possess these deficits as a general behavioral trait or they may be food*** present study assessed motor impulsivity(ability to suppress a pre-potent response)when presented with food and neutral(non-food)cues,testing if deficits in motor impulsivity is specific to food cues or a general trait among participants classified as overweight to *** proportion of inhibitory failures to no-go targets following food cues(10.8%)was significantly greater than the proportion of inhibitory failures to no-go targets following neutral cues(1.9%,pfferences remained when covering for sex and *** indicates deficits in food-specific impulse control(as opposed to general impulse control)are present in those classified as overweight to *** the specific aspect of impulse control that is present in this population is needed for the development of future impulse control training interventions that seek to change eating behaviors as a means for weight control.

关键词： Impulsivity Inhibitory control Impulse control Response inhibition food cues Obesity Go/NoGo task

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flexible, diamond-based microelectrodes fabricated using the diamond growth side for neural sensing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 742-753页

作者： Bin fan Cory A.Rusinek Cort H.Thompson Monica Setien Yue Guo robert Rechenberg Yan Gong Arthur J.Weber Michael f.Becker Erin Purcell Wen Li Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA fraunhofer USA Center for Coatings and Diamond Technologies East LansingMIUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA Department of Physiology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

Diamond possesses many favorable properties for biochemical sensors,including biocompatibility,chemical inertness,resistance to biofouling,an extremely wide potential window,and low double-layer *** hardness of diamond,however,has hindered its applications in neural implants due to the mechanical property mismatch between diamond and soft nervous ***,we present a flexible,diamond-based microelectrode probe consisting of multichannel boron-doped polycrystalline diamond(BDD)microelectrodes on a soft Parylene C *** developed and optimized a wafer-scale fabrication approach that allows the use of the growth side of the BDD thin film as the sensing *** to the nucleation surface,the BDD growth side exhibited a rougher morphology,a higher sp^(3) content,a wider water potential window,and a lower background *** dopamine(DA)sensing capability of the BDD growth surface electrodes was validated in a 1.0 mM DA solution,which shows better sensitivity and stability than the BDD nucleation surface *** results of these comparative studies suggest that using the BDD growth surface for making implantable microelectrodes has significant advantages in terms of the sensitivity,selectivity,and stability of a neural ***,we validated the functionality of the BDD growth side electrodes for neural recordings both in vitro and in *** biocompatibility of the microcrystalline diamond film was also assessed in vitro using rat cortical neuron cultures.

关键词： neural film diamond

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Actuating droplets with electrowetting: force and dynamics

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Droplet 2024年第2期3卷 113-124页

作者： robert Hennig Vito Cacucciolo Herbert Shea Soft Transducers Laboratory(LMTS) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)NeuchatelSwitzerland Politecnico di Bari BariItaly

Electrowetting on dielectric(EWOD)allows rapid movement of liquid droplets on a smooth surface,with applications ranging from lab-on-chip devices to *** in-plane force on a droplet is a key indicator of EWOD *** force has been extensively modeled but few direct experimental measurements are *** study the EWOD force on a droplet using two setups that allow,for the first time,the simultaneous measurement of force and contact angle,while imaging the droplet shape at 6000 frames/*** several liquids and surfaces,we observe that the force saturates at a voltage of approximately 150 *** of voltages of up 2 kV,that is,10 times higher than is typical,does not significantly increase forces beyond the saturation ***,we observe that the transient dynamics,localized at the front contact line,do not show saturation with *** the higher voltages,the initial front contact line speed continues to increase,the front contact angle temporarily becomes near zero,creating a thin liquid film,and capillary waves form at the liquid–air *** the localized EWOD forces at the contact line exceed the capillary forces,projectile droplets *** surface tension allows for higher droplet forces,which we demonstrate with mercury.

关键词： capillary forces dynamics

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Osteopontin: a leading candidate adhesion molecule for implantation in pigs and sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 177-190页

作者： Greg A Johnson robert C Burghardt fuller W Bazer Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station Department of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station

Osteopontin （OPN; also known as Secreted Phosphoprotein 1, SPP1） is a secreted extra-cellular matrix （ECM） protein that binds to a variety of cell surface integrins to stimulate cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion and communication. It is generally accepted that OPN interacts with apically expressed integrin receptors on the uterine luminal epithelium （LE） and conceptus trophectoderm to attach the conceptus to the uterus for implantation. Research conducted with pigs and sheep has significantly advanced understanding of the role（s） of OPN during implantation through exploitation of the prolonged peri-implantation period of pregnancy when elongating conceptuses are free within the uterine lumen requiring extensive paracrine signaling between conceptus and endometrium. This is followed by a protracted and incremental attachment cascade of trophectoderm to uterine LE during implantation, and development of a true epitheliochorial or synepitheliochorial placenta exhibited by pigs and sheep, respectively. In pigs, implanting conceptuses secrete estrogens which induce the synthesis and secretion of OPN in adjacent uterine LE. OPN then binds to αvβ6 integrin receptors on trophectoderm, and the αvβ3 integrin receptors on uterine LE to bridge conceptus attachment to uterine LE for implantation. In sheep, implanting conceptuses secrete interferon tau that prolongs the lifespan of CL. Progesterone released by CL then induces OPN synthesis and secretion from the endometrial GE into the uterine lumen where OPN binds integrins expressed on trophectoderm （αvβ3） and uterine LE （identity of specific integrins unknown） to adhere the conceptus to the uterus for implantation. OPN binding to the αvβ3 integrin receptor on ovine trophectoderm cells induces in vitro focal adhesion assembly, a prerequisite for adhesion and migration of trophectoderm, through activation of： 1） P70S6K via crosstalk between fRAP1/MTOR and MAPK pathways; 2） MTOR, PI3K, MAPK3/MAPK1 （Erk1/2） and MAPK14 （p38） signalin

关键词： Implantation Integrins Psteoponti Pigs Sheep

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扁平证券市场线和融资限制——中国股票市场的实证检验

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经济理论与经济管理 2019年第6期39卷 39-54页

作者：叶天戈虞康妮 robert f. Whitelaw 哥伦比亚大学 NY10026 西藏东方财富证券纽约大学斯特恩商学院

资本资产定价模型(CAPM)在国际金融市场的实证检验结果往往呈现扁平证券市场线现象。一些学者认为融资限制是该现象的产生原因。本文旨在研究扁平证券市场线现象是否存在于中国股市,同时分析融资限制对中国股市证券市场线的影响。本文... 详细信息

资本资产定价模型(CAPM)在国际金融市场的实证检验结果往往呈现扁平证券市场线现象。一些学者认为融资限制是该现象的产生原因。本文旨在研究扁平证券市场线现象是否存在于中国股市,同时分析融资限制对中国股市证券市场线的影响。本文采用投资组合分析法对A股主板市场进行实证检验。本文研究发现:(1)扁平的证券市场线现象同样存在于中国股票市场中;(2)在中国股票市场中,融资限制与证券市场线的斜率呈负相关,与截距呈正相关,这符合融资限制理论;(3)以上两点发现同样存在于多因子定价模型中,这表明本文研究结果具有稳健性。

关键词：资产定价模型证券市场线融资限制中国证券市场

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Wheat stripe rust resistance gene Yr24/Yr26：A retrospective review

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The Crop Journal 2018年第4期6卷 321-329页

作者： robert McIntosh Jingmei Mu Dejun Han Zhensheng Kang Plant Breeding Institute Cobbitty University of Sydney Private Bag 4011 Narellan NSW 2567 Australia State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 College of Agronomy Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 Shaanxi China College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 Shaanxi China

The objective of this review is to describe events in China and elsewhere that are related to the discovery, genetic identification, use, and ultimate break-down of a single wheat gene for resistance to stripe rust, namely Yr24/Yr26. In our retrospective analysis there was an early assumption of at least three genes at or near the locus, which caused an erroneous presumption of genetic diversity for resistance. It is an example of another boom and bust cycle in plant breeding with races virulent to Yr26(V26 races) now being the majority race group in the Chinese Pst population. We have attempted to present our story in a historical and personal context demonstrating research inputs from different national and international groups, as well as some significant contemporary side issues. It covers the period from the late 1980 s to 2017, during which significant rapid advances in the molecular biology of host: pathogen genetics occurred. We attempt to describe both successes and drawbacks in our work.

关键词： Puccinia striiformis Resistance genes Triticum aestivum Virulence Yellow rust

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Dementia and osteoporosis in a geriatric population: Is there a common link?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第5期8卷 412-423页

作者： Candice L Downey Adam Young Emily f Burton Simon M Graham robert J Macfarlane Eva-Maria Tsapakis Eleftherios Tsiridis University of Leeds School of Medicine Department of Anaesthetics Pinderfields Hospital Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics the Royal Liverpool University Hospital Academic Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Aristotle University Medical School

AIM To determine the existence of a common pathological link between dementia and osteoporosis through reviewing the current evidence base. METHODS This paper reviews the current literature on osteoporosis and dementia in order to ascertain evidence of a common predisposing aetiology. A literature search of Ovid MEDLINE(1950 to June 2016) was conducted. The keywords "osteoporosis", "osteoporotic fracture", "dementia" and "Alzheimer's disease"(AD) were used to determine the theoretical links with the most significant evidence base behind them. The key links were found to be vitamins D and K, calcium, thyroid disease, statins, alcohol and sex steroids. These subjects were then searched in combination with the previous terms and the resulting papers manually examined. Theoretical, in vitro and in vivo research were all used to inform this review which focuses on the most well developed theoretical common causes for dementia(predominantly Alzheimer's type) and *** Dementia and osteoporosis are multifaceted disease processes with similar epidemiology and a marked increase in prevalence in elderly populations. The existence of a common link between the two has been suggested despite a lack of clear pathological overlap in our current understanding. Research to date has tended to be fragmented and relatively weak in nature with multiple confounding factors reflecting the difficulties of in vivo experimentation in the population of interest. Despite exploration of various possible mechanisms in search for a link between the two pathologies, this paper found that it is possible that these associations are coincidental due to the nature of the evidence available. One finding in this review is that prior investigation into common aetiologies has found raised amyloid beta peptide levels in osteoporotic bone tissue, with a hypothesis that amyloid beta disorders are systemic disorders resulting in differing tissue manifestations. However, our findings were that t

关键词： Osteoporosis fracture Dementia Thyroid disease Alzheimer’s disease Elderly Vitamin D Vitamin K Calcium Statins Alcohol Sex steroids

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