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Mine tailings storage dams modify upstream headwater fish assemblages

Water Biology and Security 2023年第2期2卷 32-42页

作者： Gilberto N.Salvador robert M.Hughes fabio Vieira Raphael Ligeiro Luciano f.A.Montag Ecology and Conservation Laboratory(LABECO) Federal University of ParaBiological Sciences InstituteRua Augusto Correa01GuamaCaixaBelemPA479Brazil fish Ecology and Conservation Laboratory(Eco-Peixes) Federal University of Minas GeraisBiological Sciences InstituteAv.Antonio Carlos6627Belo HorizonteMGCEP:31.270-901Brazil Amnis Opes Institute 2895 SE GlennCorvallisOR97333USA Department of fisheries Wildlife&Conservation SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA Zoology Department Federal University of Minas GeraisBiological Sciences InstituteAv.Antonio Carlos6627CEP:31.270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil

Riverscape connectivity is a critically important component determining the ecological condition of lotic *** evaluated changes in fish assemblages caused by the loss of connectivity by mine tailings storage dams(TSDs),hypothesizing that headwater fish assemblages are restructured by TSDs located downstream,even though the upstream habitats are not *** used standard methods to collect fish in 24 first to third order sites,with half draining to TSDs(dammed)and the other half free from this impact(undammed).To identify differences between treatments,we used PERMANOVA to test both environmental variables and ichthyofauna composition(Bray-Curtis similarity index)and evaluated the biological metrics that most influenced assemblage composition *** expected,we observed no difference between treatments for environmental variables,but we did observe differences in fish assemblage *** also observed five metrics with lower values in dammed streams(richness and abundance of intolerant species,siluriform richness,and abundance of Pareiorhaphis *** and Trichomycterus brasiliensis)and two metrics with higher values in dammed streams(perciform richness and abundance of Oligosarcus argenteus).We believe these changes resulted from of stream fragmentation by TSDs,in addition to source-sink mechanisms and conclude that mine TSDs located downstream change headwater fish assemblages,an impact often neglected in biomonitoring and bioassessment studies.

关键词： Habitat fragmentation Source-sink dynamics Iron ore mining Rio Doce basin

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Interleukin-1:an important target for perinatal neuroprotection?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 47-50页

作者： Sharmony B.Kelly Elys Green Rod W.Hunt Claudia A.Nold-Petry Alistair J.Gunn Marcel f.Nold robert Galinsky The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash UniversityVictoriaAustralia Department of Pediatrics Monash UniversityVictoriaAustralia Monash Newborn Monash Children’s HospitalMelbourneAustralia Department of Physiology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Perinatal inflammation is a significant risk factor for lifelong neurodevelopmental impairments such as cerebral *** clinical and preclinical evidence links the severity and pattern of perinatal inflammation to impaired maturation of white and grey matters and reduced brain *** pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of perinatal ***,studies of human and experimental perinatal encephalopathy have demonstrated a strong causative link between perinatal encephalopathy and excessive production of the pro-inflammatory effector cytokine *** this review,we summarize clinical and preclinical evidence that underpins interleukin-1 as a critical factor in initiating and perpatuating systemic and central nervous system inflammation and subsequent perinatal brain *** also highlight the important role of endogenous interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in mitigating interleukin-1-driven neuroinflammation and tissue damage,and summarize outcomes from clinical and mechanistic animal studies that establish the commercially available interleukin-1 receptor antagonist,anakinra,as a safe and effective therapeutic *** reflect on the evidence supporting clinical translation of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist for infants at the greatest risk of perinatal inflammation and impaired neurodevelopment,and suggest a path to advance interleukin-1 receptor antagonist along the translational path for perinatal neuroprotection.

关键词： brain inflammation interleukin-1 receptor antagonist interleukin-1 interleukin-1β neonatal encephalopathy neuroprotection preterm brain injury

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Humic acid transport in saturated porous media:Influence of flow velocity and influent concentration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第12期26卷 2554-2561页

作者： Xiaorong Wei Mingan Shao Lina Du robert Horton State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Agronomy Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA

Understanding the transport of humic acids（HAs） in porous media can provide important and practical evidence needed for accurate prediction of organic/inorganic contaminant transport in different environmental media and interfaces. A series of column transport experiments was conducted to evaluate the transport of HA in different porous media at different flow velocities and influent HA concentrations. Low flow velocity and influent concentration were found to favor the adsorption and deposition of HA onto sand grains packed into columns and to give higher equilibrium distribution coefficients and deposition rate coefficients, which resulted in an increased fraction of HA being retained in ***, retardation factors were increased and the transport of HA through the columns was delayed. These results suggest that the transport of HA in porous media is primarily controlled by the attachment of HA to the solid matrix. Accordingly, this attachment should be considered in studies of HA behavior in porous media.

关键词： Attachment flow velocity Humic acid Initial concentration Porous media Transport

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A Comparative Study of the Local Heat Transfer Distributions Around Various Surface Mounted Obstacles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2014年第2期23卷 169-176页

作者： robert Wyssmann Dirk Ullmer Alexandros Terzis Peter Ott Group of Thermal Turbomachinery(GTT) cole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)SCI-STI-POCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland

In many engineering applications,heat transfer enhancement techniques are of vital importance in order to ensure reliable thermal designs of convective heat transfer *** study examines experimentally the heat transfer characteristics on the base plate around various surface mounted *** convection coefficients are evaluated in the vicinity of each individual protruding body with great spatial resolution using the transient liquid crystal *** different obstacles of constant height-to-hydraulic diameter ratio(~1.3) are *** include:a cylinder,a square,a triangle,a diamond and a vortex generator of delta wing shape *** experiments were carried out over a range of freestream Reynolds numbers,based on the hydraulic diameter of each obstacle,varying from 4,000 to 13,*** results indicate a negligible effect of the flow speed on the heat transfer topological structure and a considerable effect of the obstacle geometry on the level and distribution of heat transfer enhancement.

关键词： surface obstacles heat transfer enhancement transient liquid crystal technique

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Genetic differentiation between and within Northern Native American language groups:an argument for the expansion of the Native American CODIS database

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forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 662-672页

作者： Jessica A.Weise Jillian Ng robert f.Oldt Joy Viray Kelly L.McCulloh David Glenn Smith Sreetharan Kanthaswamy forensic Science Graduate Program University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Molecular Anthropology Laboratory Department of AnthropologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Arizona State UniversityGlendaleAZUSA Sacramento County District Attorney’s Crime Laboratory SacramentoCAUSA California National Primate Research Center University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA

The National Research Council recommends that genetic differentiation among subgroups of ethnic samples be lower than 3%of the total genetic differentiation within the ethnic sample to be used for estimating reliable random match probabilities for forensic *** American samples in the United States’Combined DNA Index System(CODIS)database represent four language families:Algonquian,Na-Dene,Eskimo-Aleut,and ***,a minimum of 27 Native American language families exists in the US,not including language *** goal was to ascertain whether genetic differences are correlated with language groupings and,if so,whether additional language families would provide a more accurate representation of current genetic diversity among tribal *** 21 short tandem repeat(STR)loci included in the Globalfiler^(■)PCR Amplification Kit were used to characterize six indigenous language families,including three of the four represented in the CODIS database(***,Na-Dene,and Eskimo-Aleut),and two language isolates(Miwok and Seri)using major population genetic diversity metrics such as f statistics and Bayesian clustering analysis of genotype *** of the genetic variation(97%)was found to be within language families instead of among them(3%).In contrast,when only the three of the four language families represented in both the CODIS database and the present study were considered,4%of the genetic variation occurred among the language *** clustering resulted in a maximum posterior probability indicating three genetically distinct groups among the eight language families and isolates:(1)Eskimo,(2)Seri,and(3)all other language groups and isolates,thus confirming genetic subdivision among subgroups of the CODIS Native American *** genetic structure indicates the need for an increased number of Native American populations based on language affiliation in the CODIS database as well as more robust sample sets for those langu

关键词： forensic sciences population genetics Native Americans North America languages short tandem repeats(STRs or microsatellites)

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Comparison of white‑to‑white measurements using four devices and their determination of ICL sizing

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Eye and Vision 2024年第5期10卷 28-40页

作者： robert Edward T.Ang Edward Kenneth f.Reyes fernando Amado J.Ayuyao Jr Maria Isabel N.Umali Emerson M.Cruz Asian Eye Institute Phinma PlazaRockwell Center8Th Floor1200 MakatiPhilippines Cardinal Santos Medical Center 10 Wilson St.Greenhills1502 San JuanPhilippines

Background:To compare the measurements obtained from the Orbscan II,IOLMaster 700,Pentacam AXL,and Castroviejo caliper and their effects on calculating the recommended implantable collamer lens(ICL)size and postoperative vault ***:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients who underwent ICL surgery by a single surgeon from March 1,2018 to July 31,*** were reviewed for the anterior chamber depth(ACD)and white-to-white(WTW)measurements obtained from the Orbscan II,IOLMaster 700,Pentacam AXL,and Castroviejo caliper(WTW only).These were used to calculate the recommended ICL *** actual ICL size implanted,and vault measurements obtained one month postoperatively were also ***:One hundred seven eyes with a mean age of 27.9±7.7 years were included in the *** WTW measurements were significantly different between devices(Pf *** IOLMaster yielded an ICL measurement one size larger than Orbscan-based calculations in 64.5%of *** the Orbscan WTW and ACD,the desired vault of 0.25 to 0.75 mm and 0.25 to 1.00 mm was achieved in 70%and 91%of eyes,*** caliper WTW to IOLMaster 700 or Pentacam AXL WTW increases the percentage of achieving the desired vault to 80%,similar to the ***:The Orbscan II,IOLMaster 700,and Pentacam AXL cannot be used interchangeably for calculating ICL *** the WTW from caliper measurement with the ACD of the IOLMaster 700 or Pentacam AXL could improve ICL sizing and achieve a higher percentage of eyes with the desired vault.

关键词： ICL vault Orbscan II IOLMaster 700 Pentacam AXL Caliper

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车体制造中的预涂材料

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中国钢铁业 2008年第1期 31-33页

作者： robert Miller Wolfgang Lorenz Andreas kunz Eva Wilke

在欧洲，制造商越来越多地在汽车金属板上使用可焊接底漆（例如汉高公司的Granocoat？）以提高防腐蚀性能。例如，几年来，梅赛德斯-奔驰公司一直在其生产的车辆上使用可焊接底漆。梅赛德斯-奔驰已经将欧洲汽车上的穿孔质保延长到30年... 详细信息

在欧洲，制造商越来越多地在汽车金属板上使用可焊接底漆（例如汉高公司的Granocoat？）以提高防腐蚀性能。例如，几年来，梅赛德斯-奔驰公司一直在其生产的车辆上使用可焊接底漆。梅赛德斯-奔驰已经将欧洲汽车上的穿孔质保延长到30年，这是因为可焊接底漆的使用大大改善了大型零件的空腔和法兰内的防腐蚀性能。

关键词：车体制造梅赛德斯-奔驰公司梅赛德斯.奔驰防腐蚀性能材料预涂欧洲汽车大型零件

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喷流对飞机尾流涡影响的试验研究

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航空学报 2010年第5期31卷 899-908页

作者：黄烁桥申功忻 robert Konrath Carl f.v. Carmer Kompenhans Jurgen 北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院北京100191 德国宇航院气动与流动技术研究所哥廷根37073

飞机产生的尾流涡,特别是大尺度的翼尖涡,对尾随其后的飞行器是非常有害的,本文旨在探索利用飞机发动机产生的喷流加速尾流涡消亡的方法。试验采用简化的飞机模型(有尾翼),建立了包含一对翼尖涡及一对反向旋转的尾翼涡(通过以负迎角安... 详细信息

飞机产生的尾流涡,特别是大尺度的翼尖涡,对尾随其后的飞行器是非常有害的,本文旨在探索利用飞机发动机产生的喷流加速尾流涡消亡的方法。试验采用简化的飞机模型(有尾翼),建立了包含一对翼尖涡及一对反向旋转的尾翼涡(通过以负迎角安装尾翼得到)的4涡尾流系统。在无外来扰动的情况下,不同的尾翼设置下得到的尾翼涡对翼尖涡的作用效果不同,有的能导致翼尖涡提前消亡,有的则不能。考察了不同强度的喷流对不同4涡尾流系统的影响,且作为对比,对无尾翼(2涡系统)及无喷流下的各种情况也分别作了观测。试验在拖曳水槽中进行,运用体视粒子图像测速(SPIV)技术,观测了与模型拖曳方向垂直的、从机翼后缘到下游约45翼展间均布的一系列切面。结果表明:当喷流直接作用于涡时,其效果主要取决于两者之间的初始距离及相对强度;而当喷流作用于整个4涡尾流系统时,其引入的扰动对不同的系统均能起到一定程度的改善作用,这种作用的关键在于利用喷流优化对翼尖涡进行扰动的机制,而不仅仅取决于喷流的强度。

关键词：流体力学飞机尾流喷流体视粒子图像测速

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Structures and formation of elemental carbon species

Structures and formation of elemental carbon species

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中国化学会第28届学术年会

作者： robert f.Curl Rice University

＜正＞In the twenty-six years since the discovery that molecular forms of elemental carbon,the fullerenes,could be produced,a number of investigators have carried out intense searches for other forms of elemental *** ...

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Periodic Waves of a Discrete Higher Order Nonlinear SchrSdinger Equation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2006年第6X期46卷 961-965页

作者： robert Conte K.W. Chow Service de physique de Pétat condensé (URA 2464) CEA-Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong China

The Hirota equation is a higher order extension of the nonlinear Schr6dinger equation by incorporating third order dispersion and one form of self steepening effect, New periodic waves for the discrete Hirota equation are given in terms of elliptic functions. The continuum limit converges to the analogous result for the continuous Hirota equation, while the long wave limit of these discrete periodic patterns reproduces the known resulr of the integrable Ablowitz-Ladik system.

关键词： discrete higher-order nonlinear SchrSdinger equation discrete Hirota equation elliptic function solutions

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