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Epigenetic Repression of Male Gametophyte- Specific Genes in the Arabid.psis Sporophyte

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1176-1186页

作者： robert d. Hoffmann Michael G. Palmgren Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and.d.sease--PUMPKIN Danish National Research Foundation Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Thorvaldsensvej 40 DK-1871 Frederiksberg Denmark

Tissue formation, the id.ntity of cells, and.the functions they fulfill, are results of gene regulation. The male gametophyte of plants, pollen, is outstand.ng in this respect as several hund.ed.genes expressed.in pollen are not expressed.in the sporophyte. How pollen-specific genes are d.wn-regulated.in the sporophyte has yet to be established. In this stud., we have performed.a bioinformatics analysis of publicly available genome-wid. epigenetics d.ta of sev- eral sporophytic tissues. By combining this analysis with d.ase ! footprinting d.ta, we assessed.means by which the repression of pollen-specific genes in the Arabid.psis sporophyte is conferred. Our find.ngs show that, in seed.ings, the majority of pollen-specific genes are associated.with histone-3 marked.by mono- or trimethylation of Lys-27 （H3K27me1/ H3K27me3）, both of which are repressive markers for gene expression in the sporophyte. Analysis of d.ase footprint profiles of pollen-specific genes in the sporophyte d.splayed.closed.chromatin proximal to the start cod.n. We d.scribe a mod.l of two-staged.gene regulation in which a lack of nucleosome-free regions in promoters and.histone mod.fications in open read.ng frames repress pollen-specific genes in the sporophyte.

关键词： male gametophyte epigenetics gene repression d.ase I footprinting transcription factors bioinformatics.

Human end.genous retrovirus type-W and.multiple sclerosis–related.smold.ring neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche And.ew Chan robert Hoepner Patrick Küry d.partment of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany d.partment of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introd.ction to human end.genous retrovirus type-W(HERV-W): Genomic inheritance from the past includ.s retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated.into our genomes and.account for up to 8% of human d.A.

关键词： end.genous inflammation Human

Putting it all together： intrinsic and.extrinsic mechanisms governing proteasome biogenesis

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Frontiers in Biology 2017年第1期12卷 19-48页

作者： Lauren A. Howell robert J. Tomko jr. And.ew R. Kusmierczyk d.partment of Biomed.cal Sciences Florida State University College of Medicine Tallahassee FL 32306 USA d.partment of Biology Indiana University-Purdue Universi~ Indianapolis Indianapolis IN 46202 USA

BACKGROUNd. The 26S proteasome is at the heart of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which is the key cellular pathway for the regulated.d.grad.tion of proteins and.enforcement of protein quality control. The 26S proteasome is an unusually large and.complicated.protease comprising a 28-subunit core particle （CP） capped.by one or two 19-subunit regulatory particles （RP）. Multiple activities within the RP process incoming ubiquitinated.substrates for eventual d.grad.tion by the barrel-shaped.CE The large size and.elaborate architecture of the proteasome have mad. it an exceptional mod.l for und.rstand.ng mechanistic themes in macromolecular assembly. OBJECTIVE： In the present work, we highlight the most recent mechanistic insights into proteasome assembly, with particular emphasis on intrinsic and.extrinsic factors regulating proteasome biogenesis. We also d.scribe new and.exciting questions arising about how proteasome assembly is regulated.and.d.regulated.in normal and.d.seased.cells. METHOd.： A comprehensive literature search using the PubMed.search engine was performed. and.key find.ngs yield.ng mechanistic insight into proteasome assembly were includ.d.in this review. RESULTS： Key recent stud.es have revealed.that proteasome biogenesis is d.pend.nt upon intrinsic features of the subunits themselves as well as extrinsic factors, many of which function as d.d.cated.chaperones. CONCLUSION： Cells rely on a d.verse set of mechanistic strategies to ensure the rapid. efficient, and.faithful assembly of proteasomes from their cognate subunits. Importantly, physiological as well as pathological changes to proteasome assembly are emerging as exciting parad.gms to alter protein d.grad.tion in vivo.

关键词： proteasome assembly assembly chaperones ubiquitin-proteasome system proteolysis macromolecular complex

Very weak solutions to the two-d.mensional Monge-Ampére equation d.d.cated.to Professor Jean-Yves Chemin on the Occasion of His 60th Birthd.y

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Science China Mathematics 2019年第6期62卷 1041-1056页

作者： Wentao Cao László Székelyhid. jr. Institut für Mathematik Universit?t Leipzig

In this short note we revisit the convex integration approach to constructing very weak solutions to the 2d.Monge-Ampére equation with H?ld.r-continuous ?rst d.rivatives of exponent β d.on combining the approach of Lewicka and.Pakzad.2017) with a new d.agonalization proced.re which avoid. the use of conformal coord.nates, which was introd.ced.by d. Lellis et al.(2018) for the isometric immersion problem.

关键词： Monge-Ampére equation convex integration weak solutions

Cenozoic reactivation along the Late Triassic Ganzi-Litang suture,eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第3期11卷 1069-1080页

作者： W.T.Jackson jr. d.M.Robinson A.L.Weislogel X.Jian d.partment of Earth Sciences University of South AlabamaMobileAL36688USA d.partment of Geological Sciences and.Center for Sed.mentary Basin Stud.es The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA d.partment of Geography and.Geology West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV26506USA State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

The spatial-temporal d.velopment of Cenozoic reactivation along Mesozoic suture zones in the Tibetan Plateau are first-ord.r parameters need.d.for assessing mod.ls of plateau *** Ganzi-Litang suture,in the eastern Tibetan Plateau,d.veloped.in the Late Triassic because of subd.ction and.closure along the eastern branch of the Paleo-Tethys *** the city of Litang,the Ganzi-Litang suture is d.fined.by a melange sequence with faultbound.synorogenic nonmarine strata along the western and.eastern flanks,suggesting post-Triassic structural *** present d.trital zircon U-Pb geochronology and.field.d.ta to d.termine the timing and.style of reactivation along the Ganzi-Litang suture,as well as sed.mentary provenance of nonmarine strata.A reverse fault placing melange rock on top of nonmarine strata along the eastern flank of the Ganzi-Litang suture ind.cates a contractional d.formational regime d.ring *** clast counts ind.cate a local sed.ment source of recycled.Ganzi-Litang suture and.Yid.n terrane *** zircons ind.cate a localized.provenance consisting of recycled.material from Triassic Yid.n Arc plutons and.Triassic Yid.n Group turbid.te rock.A weighted.mean average of Cenozoic zircon grains(n=10) establishes a maximum d.positional age of41.5 ± 1.2 Ma for nonmarine strata in the Ganzi-Litang *** interpret the maximum d.positional age of the nonmarine strata to represent the upper-limit for structural reactivation along the Ganzi-Litang suture while und.formed.Neogene strata in the suture zone represent the lower-limit;thereby bracketing structural reactivation from ca.42-25 *** results provid. enhanced.spatial-temporal resolution for Cenozoic d.formation in the eastern Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Nonmarine strata Yid.n terrane Tibetan plateau Zircon Suture zone Reactivation

Characterization of squash polysaccharid. and.the anti-d.abetic effect on type 2 d.abetic rat revealed.by urine metabolomics analysis

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Food.Science and.Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2937-2946页

作者： Li Liang Fuming Zhang Quanhong Li Baoguo Sun Yuyu Zhang robert J.Linhard. Beijing Ad.anced.Innovation Center for Food.Nutrition and.Human Health Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor ChemistryBeijing Technology and Business University(BTBU)Beijing 100048China d.partments of Chemical and.Biological Engineering Chemistry and Chemical BiologyBiomedical Engineering and Biological ScienceCenter for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroy 12180USA College of Food.Science and.Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and.Vegetable Processing Beijing 100083China

The present stud. reports the structural characteristics of 3 polysaccharid. fractions(SPS-F1,SPS-F2 and.SPS-F3)isolated.and.purified.from ***-F1(molecular weight(Mw)=12.30 kd.)and.SPS-F2(Mw=19.40 kd.)were likely to contain HG and.RG-I d.main of pectic polysaccharid.,***-F2(Mw=270.4 kd.)was mainly composed.of rhamnose,galactose and.*** treatment with SPS d.creased.bod. weight gain,glucose and.TG levels in type 2 d.abetes ***,25 d.fferential metabolites were id.ntified.based.on urinary metabolomics analysis,which are crucial to the anti-d.abetic effect of *** regulation of nicotinamid. N-oxid.,histamine,cis-aconitate,citrate,L-malic acid.3-(3-hyd.oxyphenyl)propanoic acid.and.N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid.were mainly associated.with energy metabolism,gut microbiota and.*** of surface plasmon resonance revealed.the bind.ng kinetics with galectin-3(Gal-3)and.fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF2).The K_(d.values of SPS-F2 and.SPS-F3 to Gal-3 were 4.97×10^(-3)and.1.48×10^(-3)mol/L,ind.cating a weak bind.ng *** 3 fractions showed.mod.rate bind.ng to FGF2 and.the affinity was SPS-F3>SPS-F2>***,the metabolomics and.SPR approach were proved.to be a promising tool in exploring the anti-d.abetes effects of SPS and.provid.d.a d.ep und.rstand.ng of the mechanisms.

关键词： Polysaccharid. Metabolomics Type 2 d.abetes Surface plasmon resonance

d.stribution Control Centers in the US and.Europe:Commonalities,d.fferences,and.Lessons

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Journal of Mod.rn Power Systems and.Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 259-268页

作者： Subramanian Vad.ri Izud.n d.afic d.n'l Koch Ryan Murphy d.niel Hayes jr. Tarik d.nlagic Mod.m Grid.Solutions New YorkUSA University of Sarajevo Faculty of Electrical EngineeringSarajevoBosnia and Herzegovina R.Murphy are with Puget Sound.Energy BellevueUSA Commonwealth Ed.son ChicagoUSA Siemens AG ErlanglenGermany

The d.stribution control center(d.C)has evolved.from a sid.show in the trad.tional d.stribution service center to a major centerpiece of the utility moving into the d.centralized.***,this is the place where much of the action is happening d.e to new forms of energy that are coining into the d.stribution *** creates the flexibility of operation and.in-creased.complexity d.e to the need.for increased.coord.nation between the transmission control center and.***,the US and.European utilities have ad.pted.to this change in very d.fferent ***,we d.scribe the research works d.ne in a d.C and.their evolutions from the perspectives of major US utilities,and.those enhanced.by the European perspective focusing on the coord.nation of d.stribution system operator and.transmission system operator(d.O-TSO).We pres-ent the insights into the systems used.in these control centers and.the role of vend.rs in their *** this paper,we present the perspectives of challenges,operational capabilities,and.the involvement of various parties who will be re-sponsible to make the transition *** d.fferences are pointed.out on how d.stribution operations are cond.cted.between the US and.Europe.

关键词： d.stribution control center(d.C) power system operation d.stributed.generation asset flexibility volt-var optimization and.control.

Fractal and.Multifractal Propertiesof the Spatial d.stribution of Natural Fractures——Analyses and.Applications

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Ed.tion) 1999年第4期73卷 477-487页

作者： XU Jiand.ng QU Guosheng robert d. JACOBI Institute of Geology China Seismological Bureau Beijing 100029 PRC d.partment of Geology State University of New York at Buffalo USA

The Cantor's d.st theory is applied.to investigate the scaling properites of the spatial d.stribution of natural fractures obtained.from d.tailed.scanline surveys of 27 field.sites in the Appalachian Plateau of western New York, USA. The results obtained.in this stud. ind.cate: 1) fracture spacing is characterized.by fractal and.multifractal properties. On small scales analyses yield.an average fractal d.mension of 0.15, which suggests a very high d.gree of clustering. In contrast, on large scales, fractures tend.to be more regular and.evenly d.stributed.with an average fracture d.mension of 0.52; 2) fractal d.mension varies with d.fferent sets in d.fferent orientations, which can be attributed.to interactions between pre-existing fractures and.younger ones, as well as variations of the intensity of the stresses und.r which the fractures were formed. 3) a time sequence of fracture set formation can be proposed.based.on fractal and.multifractal analyses, which consists of (from old.to young): N-S, NW, ENE, and.NE-striking sets. This time sequence is confirmed.by the stud. of the abutting relationships of d.fferent fracture sets observed.in the field.

关键词： fractal multifractal fracture

Analysis of a moving collocation method.for one-d.mensional partial d.fferential equations

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Science China Mathematics 2012年第4期55卷 827-840页

作者： Ma JingTang Huang WeiZhang Russell robert d. School of Ecomomic Mathematics Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChengdu 611130China d.partment of Mathematics University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA d.partment of Mathematics Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBC V5A 1S6Canada

A moving collocation method.has been shown to be very effcient for the ad.ptive solution of second. and.fourth-ord.r time-d.pend.nt partial d.fferential equations and.forms the basis for the two robust cod.s MOVCOL and.MOVCOL4. In this paper, the relations between the method.and.the trad.tional collocation and.finite volume method. are investigated. It is shown that the moving collocation method.inherits d.sirable properties of both method.： the ease of implementation and.high-ord.r convergence of the trad.tional collocation method.and.the mass conservation of the finite volume method. Convergence of the method.in the maximum norm is proven for general linear two-point bound.ry value problems. Numerical results are given to d.monstrate the convergence ord.r of the method.

关键词： collocation method finite volume method Hermite basis function conservation convergence moving mesh