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Characterization of squash polysaccharide and the anti-diabetic effect on type 2 diabetic rat revealed by urine metabolomics analysis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2937-2946页

作者： Li Liang Fuming Zhang Quanhong Li Baoguo Sun Yuyu Zhang robert J.Linhardt Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor ChemistryBeijing Technology and Business University(BTBU)Beijing 100048China departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering Chemistry and Chemical BiologyBiomedical Engineering and Biological ScienceCenter for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroy 12180USA College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Beijing 100083China

The present study reports the structural characteristics of 3 polysaccharide fractions(SPS-F1,SPS-F2 and SPS-F3)isolated and purified from ***-F1(molecular weight(Mw)=12.30 kda)and SPS-F2(Mw=19.40 kda)were likely to contain HG and RG-I domain of pectic polysaccharide,***-F2(Mw=270.4 kda)was mainly composed of rhamnose,galactose and *** treatment with SPS decreased body weight gain,glucose and TG levels in type 2 diabetes ***,25 differential metabolites were identified based on urinary metabolomics analysis,which are crucial to the anti-diabetic effect of *** regulation of nicotinamide N-oxide,histamine,cis-aconitate,citrate,L-malic acid,3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid and N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid were mainly associated with energy metabolism,gut microbiota and *** of surface plasmon resonance revealed the binding kinetics with galectin-3(Gal-3)and fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF2).The K_(d)values of SPS-F2 and SPS-F3 to Gal-3 were 4.97×10^(-3)and 1.48×10^(-3)mol/L,indicating a weak binding *** 3 fractions showed moderate binding to FGF2 and the affinity was SPS-F3>SPS-F2>***,the metabolomics and SPR approach were proved to be a promising tool in exploring the anti-diabetes effects of SPS and provided a deep understanding of the mechanisms.

关键词： Polysaccharide Metabolomics Type 2 diabetes Surface plasmon resonance

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A circular single-stranded dNA mycovirus infects plants and confers broad-spectrum fungal resistance

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 955-971页

作者： Xianhong Wang Ioly Kotta-Loizou robert H.A.Coutts Huifang deng Zhenhao Han Ni Hong Karim Shafik Liping Wang Yashuang Guo Mengmeng Yang Wenxing Xu Guoping Wang National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops Wuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province Wuhan 430070China department of Life Sciences Faculty of Natural SciencesImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK department of Clinical Pharmaceutical and Biological ScienceSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity of HertfordshireHatfield AL109ABUK department of Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21526Egypt

Circular single-stranded dNA(ssdNA)viruses have been rarely found in fungi,and the evolutionary and ecological relationships among ssdNA viruses infecting fungi and other organisms remain *** this study,a novel circular ssdNA virus,tentatively named diaporthe sojae circular dNA virus 1(dsCdV1),was identified in the phytopathogenic fungus diaporthe sojae isolated from pear ***1 has a monopartite genome(3185 nt in size)encapsidated in isometric virions(21-26 nm in diameter).The genome comprises seven putative open reading frames encoding a discrete replicase(Rep)split by an intergenic region,a putative capsid protein(CP),several proteins of unknown function(P1-P4),and a long intergenic ***,the two split parts of dsCdV1 Rep share high identities with the Reps of Geminiviridae and Genomoviridae,respectively,indicating an evolutionary linkage with both *** analysis based on Rep or CP sequences placed dsCdV1 in a unique cluster,supporting the establishment of a new family,tentatively named Gegemycoviridae,intermediate to both ***1 significantly attenuates fungal growth and nearly erases fungal virulence when transfected into the host ***,dsCdV1 can systematically infect tobacco and pear seedlings,providing broad-spectrum resistance to fungal *** localization analysis revealed that dsCdV1 P3 is systematically localized in the plasmodesmata,while its expression in trans-complementation experiments could restore systematic infection of a movement-deficient plant virus,suggesting that P3 is a movement ***1 exhibits unique molecular and biological traits not observed in other ssdNA viruses,serving as a link between fungal and plant ssdNA viruses and presenting an evolutionary connection between ssdNA viruses and *** findings contribute to expanding our understanding of ssdNA virus diversity and evolution,offering potential biocontrol applications for managing crucial plant d

关键词： circular single-stranded dNA virus mycovirus virus evolution Genomoviridae Gegemycoviridae diaporthe sojae circular dNA virus 1

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具有半子模式欧拉拓扑绝缘体的声学观测

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Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1653-1659页

作者：姜斌 Adrien Bouhon 吴世巧孔泽霖林志康 robert-Jan Slager 蒋建华 Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China School of Physical Science and Technology&Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China TCM Group Cavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK NORdITA Stockholm University and KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE-10691Sweden

Topological band theory has conventionally been concerned with the topology of bands around a single gap. Only recently non-Abelian topologies that thrive on involving multiple gaps were studied, unveiling a new horizon in topological physics beyond the conventional paradigm. Here, we report on the first experimental realization of a topological Euler insulator phase with unique meronic characterization in an acoustic metamaterial. We demonstrate that this topological phase has several nontrivial features:First, the system cannot be described by conventional topological band theory, but has a nontrivial Euler class that captures the unconventional geometry of the Bloch bands in the Brillouin ***, we uncover in theory and probe in experiments a meronic configuration of the bulk Bloch states for the first time. Third, using a detailed symmetry analysis, we show that the topological Euler insulator evolves from a non-Abelian topological semimetal phase via. the annihilation of dirac points in pairs in one of the band gaps. With these nontrivial properties, we establish concretely an unconventional bulk-edge correspondence which is confirmed by directly measuring the edge states via. pump-probe techniques. Our work thus unveils a nontrivial topological Euler insulator phase with a unique meronic pattern and paves the way as a platform for non-Abelian topological phenomena.

关键词： Euler insulators Meronic waves Acoustic metamaterials Topological phases of matter

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Innovative treatments for congenital heart defects

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第1期19卷 1-6页

作者： Antonio F.Corno Taylor S.Koerner Jorge d.salazar McGovern Medical School Children's Heart InstituteMemorial Hermann Children's HospitalUniversity of Texas Health Science Center in Houston6410 Fannin StreetMSB 6.274HoustonTX 77030USA

The past few decades have witnessed substantial advances in the treatment of complex congenital heart defects,with most significant advances in surgical treatment strategies and improved outcomes dependent upon well-educated and calculated risk-taking *** the present surgical era,doing nothing for complex congenital heart defects is unacceptable,and pioneering surgeons are willing to under-take and accept the substantial risks of innovative pediatric cardiac surgery[1].

关键词： congenital treatment defects

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Nanocrystalline and Nanocomposite Magnetic Materials and Their Applications

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2007年第4期14卷 69-74页

作者： robert d Shull Magnetic Materials Group National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburg MD 20899MarylandUSA

Nanocrystalline materials can possess bulk properties quite different from those commonly associated with conventional large-grained materials. Nanocomposites, a subset of nanocrystalline materials, in addition have been found to possess magnetic properties which are similar to, but different from, the properties of the individual constituents. New magnetic phenomena, unusual property combinations, and both enhanced and diminished magnetic property values are just some of the changes observed in magnetic nanocomposites from conventional magnetic materials. Here, a description will be presented of some of the exciting new properties discovered in nanomaterials and the magnetic applications envisioned for them.

关键词： nanocomposite ferromagnet magnetoresistance magnetic refrigeration domain imaging

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Adding Value to Crop Production Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： robert B. Mitchell daren d. Redfearn Kenneth P. Vogel Terry J. Klopfenstein Galen Erickson P. Stephen Baenziger Bruce E. Anderson Mary E. drewnoski Jay Parsons Steven d. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USdA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA department of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA department of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USdA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are important cool-season annual forages and cover crops. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) performance was compared in the spring following autumn establishment as for age cover crops after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated pastures (0.4 ha) were no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the following spring near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuously stocked in spring with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. In 2005, average daily gain (AdG) for steers grazing triticale exceeded the AdG for wheat by 0.31 kghd-1d-1. In 2006, wheat AdG exceeded that for triticale by 0.12 kghd-1d-1. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained 0.20 kghd-1d-1. Based on the 3-year average animal gains valued at $1.32 kg-1, mean net return ($ ha-1 yr-1) was $62.15 for triticale and $22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed cover crops provide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing could be viewed as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional value to the system. Based on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was superior to wheat and likely will provide the most stable beef yearling performance across years with variable weather for the western Cornbelt USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soybean Triticale Wheat

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Mesh representation matters:investigating the influence of different mesh features on perceptual and spatial fidelity of deep 3d morphable models

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第5期6卷 383-395页

作者： robert KOSK Richard SOUTHERN Lihua YOU Shaojun BIAN Willem KOKKE Greg MAGUIRE Centre for digital Entertainment National Centre for Computer AnimationBournemouth UniversityPoole BH125BBUK Humain Ltd. Belfast BT12LAUK School of Creative and digital Industries Buckinghamshire New UniversityHigh Wycombe HP112JZUK Belfast School of Art Ulster UniversityBelfast BT151EDUK

Background deep 3d morphable models(deep 3dMMs)play an essential role in computer *** are used in facial synthesis,compression,reconstruction and animation,avatar creation,virtual try-on,facial recognition systems and medical *** applications require high spatial and perceptual quality of synthesised *** their significance,these models have not been compared with different mesh representations and evaluated jointly with point-wise distance and perceptual *** We compare the influence of different mesh representation features to various deep 3dMMs on spatial and perceptual fidelity of the reconstructed *** paper proves the hypothesis that building deep 3dMMs from meshes represented with global representations leads to lower spatial reconstruction error measured with L_(1) and L_(2) norm metrics and underperforms on perceptual *** contrast,using differential mesh representations which describe differential surface properties yields lower perceptual FMPd and dAME and higher spatial fidelity *** influence of mesh feature normalisation and standardisation is also compared and analysed from perceptual and spatial fidelity *** The results presented in this paper provide guidance in selecting mesh representations to build deep 3dMMs accordingly to spatial and perceptual quality objectives and propose combinations of mesh representations and deep 3dMMs which improve either perceptual or spatial fidelity of existing methods.

关键词： Shape modelling deep 3d morphable models Representation learning Feature engineering Perceptual metrics

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Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： robert Colebunders Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Olivia Kamoen Luis-Jorge Amaral Amber Hadermann Chiara Trevisan Mark J.Taylor Julia Gauglitz Achim Hoerauf Yasuaki Sato Katja Polman Maria-Gloria Basanez dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag Sebastien d.Pion Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine LiverpoolUK department of Computer Science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection Research(dZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan MRC Centre for Global Infectious disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected Tropicaldisease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Vector Control division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National Research Institute for Sustainable development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text during the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 September, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (ASMs) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free ASMs in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

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Corrigendum to“Optical measurements of dissolved organic matter as proxies for COd_(Mn)and BOd_(5)in plateau lakes”[***.19(2024)100326]

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第4期20卷 140-140页

作者： Xuan Yang Yongqiang Zhou Xiaoying Yang Yunlin Zhang robert G.M.Spencer Justin d.Brookes Erik Jeppesen Hucai Zhang Qichao Zhou Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650500China Institute of International River and Eco-security Yunnan UniversityKunming650500China Zhejiang College of Security Technology Wenzhou325016China Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and EnvironmentNanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210008China department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee32306United States Water Research Centre School of Biological ScienceThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005Australia department of Ecoscience Aarhus UniversityAarhus8000Denmark Sino-danish Centre for Education and Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and ImplementationMiddle East Technical UniversityAnkara06800Turkey Institute of Marine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityErdemliMersin33731Turkey Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed Yunnan Research Academy of Eco-environmental SciencesKunming650034China

The authors regret that the following statements in the original article were wrong and have been *** authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

关键词： plateau dissolved wrong

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Adaptive Control for Passive Kinesiotherapy ELLTIO

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2014年第4期11卷 581-588页

作者： Ricardo López Hipólito Aguilar Sergio salazar Rogelio Lozano Laboratory UMI LAFMIA 3175 CINVESTAV-CNRS Móxico D. F. CNRS Research director Universitb de Technologie de Compiègne 60200 Compiègne France

Exoskeletons are mechatronic devices used to increase human muscle strength and resistance. In the last decade these devices have become a very useful tool to assist active kinesiotherapy. This paper presents the design of exoskeleton focused on the rehabilitation of ankle and knee for the right leg. The construction of prototype like Exoskeleton for Lower Limb Training with Instrumented Orthoses （ELLTIO） using Series Elastic Actuator （SEA） to reduce the effort in the human joints, and a control law to perform a rehabilitation routine using an adaptive control scheme were first implemented in simulation to verify the control strategy and make a real rehabilitation test. The adaptive control law is proposed with the intention that the exoskeleton can adapt to user parameters at the time when performing the exercise. The results show the parameters estimation and tracking trajectory for the exoskeleton were proposed, and this trajectory could be a routine rehabilitation proposed by the therapist.

关键词： exoskeleton parametric identification rehabilitation robotics adaptive control.

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