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Why Geometry Radiates: Quantum Gravity as Perspective

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第6期7卷 489-500页

作者： rob Langley Norwich UK

It is reasonably expected 1) that a theory of quantum gravity will unify the extremes of scale currently described by General Relativity and quantum mechanics, and 2) that black holes are the crucible from which a theory of quantum gravity will emerge. In perspective, we already have a mechanism that links the local, macroscopic frame with the remote, apparently microscopic frame. A simple mathematical principle acts as a limit on D(n), suggesting a “maximum physical reality”, and that effects which are clearly perspectival at D=3 become “more real” (effectively observer-independent) with each D(n) increment. The model suggests alternative interpretations of gravitation and the quantum, entanglement, space, the Standard Model of particles and interactions, black holes, the measurement problem and the information paradox.

关键词： Quantum Gravity Black Holes Entanglement Firewalls ER = EPR Information Paradox

Growth performance,gastrointestinal weight,microbial metabolites and apparent retention of components in broiler chickens fed up to 11%rice bran in a corn-soybean meal diet without or with a multi-enzyme supplement

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第1期5卷 41-48页

作者： Juan Sanchez Aizwarya Thanabalan Tanka Khanal rob Patterson Bogdan A.Slominski Elijah Kiarie Department of Animal Biosciences University of Guelph Canadian Bio-Systems Inc. Department of Animal Science University of Manitoba

We investigated the effects of adding up to 11% rice bran(RB) in corn-soybean meal diets fed to broiler chickens without or with a multi-enzyme supplement(MES). The MES supplied xylanase, b-glucanase invertase, protease, cellulase, a-amylase and mannanase with targeted activity of 2,500, 300, 700, 10,0001,200, 24,000, and 20 U/kg of feed, respectively. The study used a two-phase feeding program(starter d 0 to 24; finisher, d 25 to 35) with RB added at 5% and 11%, respectively creating 4 diets in each phase Diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous and contained phytase(500 FTU/kg) and TiO_2 as a digestibility marker. Three hundred and sixty d-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks were placed in cages based on BW(15 birds/cage) and allocated to 4 diets(n = 6). Birds had free access to feed and water. Body weight and feed intake were recorded. Excreta samples were collected 3 d prior to the end of each phase for apparent retention(AR) of components. Samples of birds were sacrificed on d 24 and 35 for gut weight and ceca digesta for organic acid content. There was no interaction(P > 0.10) between RB and MES on BWG and FCR in starter or finisher phase. In finisher phase, birds fed MES had better BWG(961 versus 858 g) and FCR(1.69 versus 1.86) than birds fed non-MES diets(P < 0.01). Feeding RB reduced(P = 0.02) BWG in finisher phase resulting in lower d 35 BW. Birds fed RB had higher(P 0.01) gizzard weight on d 24 and 35 than non-RB birds. An interaction(P 0.01) between RB and MES on concentrations of propionic and iso-butyric acids in ceca digesta showed that MES reduced these acids in non-RB diet. The AR of gross energy was higher(P < 0.02) for MES versus non-MES birds in starter and finisher phases. In conclusion independently, RB increased gizzard weight and reduced final BW whereas MES improved growth and energy utilization.

关键词： Broiler chickens Growth performance Gut weight Microbial activity Multi-enzyme supplement Rice bran

Blockchain for Transparent Data Management Toward 6G

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Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 74-85页

作者： Xuemin(Sherman)Shen Dongxiao Liu Cheng Huang Liang Xue Han Yin Weihua Zhuang rob Sun Bidi Ying Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Huawei Technologies Canada KanataON K2K 3J1Canada

The wealth of user data acts as a fuel for network intelligence toward the sixth generation wireless networks(6G).Due to data heterogeneity and dynamics,decentralized data management(DM)is desirable for achieving transparent data operations across network domains,and blockchain can be a promising ***,the increasing data volume and stringent data privacy-preservation requirements in 6G bring significantly technical challenge to balance transparency,efficiency,and privacy requirements in decentralized blockchain-based *** this paper,we investigate blockchain solutions to address the ***,we explore the consensus protocols and scalability mechanisms in blockchains and discuss the roles of DM stakeholders in blockchain ***,we investigate the authentication and authorization requirements for DM ***,we categorize DM privacy requirements and study blockchain-based mechanisms for collaborative data ***,we present research issues and potential solutions for blockchain-based DM toward 6G from these three ***,we conclude this paper and discuss future research directions.

关键词： Blockchain Data management Decentralization Transparency Privacy

Three Urbanisms in One City: Accommodating the Paces of Change

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第9期6卷 946-956页

作者： rob Roggema VHL University of Applied Sciences Velp The Netherlands

In current times urban developments can no longer be seen as straightforward building of the required number of houses, industries and parking spaces. Instead, the problems in many cities are of different nature: urban conurbations may shrink, or climate impacts cause a serious disaster. These problems all have a different pace of development. The fast development must be combined with slower development pace fitting with shrinking cities and the sudden change climatic impacts requires. Therefore, in this article three types of urbanisms are proposed, which each care for an increase of resilience in the city. Fast urbanism accommodates the growth of the city in a calculated way in periods of economic prosperity;slow urbanism designs spaces for slowly developing uses such as ecology or food in times of shrinkage;and suddenism anticipates future climate impacts through designing spaces for temporary use.

关键词： Urbanism Slow Urbanism Fast Urbanism Suddenism Resilience Climate Impacts Shrinking City

Recycling of Aluminum from Fibre Metal Laminates

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2012年第3期17卷 263-267页

作者：祝国梁肖艳萍杨永祥王俊孙宝德 BOOM rob Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology2628 CD DelftThe Netherlands State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiaotong University Department of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy Northeastern University

Recycling of aluminum alloy scrap obtained from delaminated fibre metal laminates （FMLs） was studied through high temperature refining in the presence of a salt flux. The aluminum alloy scrap contains approximately mass fraction w（Cu） = 4.4%, w（Mg） = 1.1% and w（Mn） = 0.6% （2024 aluminum alloy）. The main objective of this research is to obtain a high metal yield, while maintaining its original alloy compositions. The work focuses on the metal yield and quality of recycled A1 alloy under different refining conditions. The NaCI-KC1 salt system was selected as the major components of flux in the A1 alloy recycling. Two different flux compositions were employed at NaC1 to KC1 mass ratios of 44：56 and 70：30 respectively, based on either the euteetic composition, or the European preference. Different additives were introduced into the NaCI-KC1 system to study the effect of flux component on recycling result. Although burning and oxidation loss of the alloying elements during re-melting and refining take place as the drawbacks of conventional refining process, the problems can be solved to a large extent by using an appropriate salt flux. Experimental results indicate that Mg in the alloy gets lost when adding cryolite in the NaCI-KC1 salt system, though the metal yield can reach as high as 98%. However, by adding w（MgF2） = 5% into the NaCI-KC1 salt system （instead of using cryolite） all alloying elements were well controlled to its original composition with a metal yield of almost 98%.

关键词： Al-Cu-Mg alloy 2024 A1 recycling cryolite salt flux

Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li Brittney O Baumert Nikos Stratakis Jesse A Goodrich Hao-Tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max T Aung Hong-Xu Wang Sandrah P Eckel Douglas I Walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A La Merrill Justin R Ryder Thomas H Inge Todd Jenkins Stephanie Sisley Rohit Kohli Stavra A Xanthakos Andrea A Baccarelli rob McConnell David V Conti Lida Chatzi Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States Barcelona Institute of Global Health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Environmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Department of Surgery Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and *** ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with *** microRNA(miRNA)levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD,but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains *** analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in *** To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with *** This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery ***-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of *** samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling.A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG EdgeSeq *** examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age,sex,race,and other key *** Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of *** We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p,and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p,in adolescents with ***,52,16,15,and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH,fibrosis,ballooning degeneration,and lobular inflammation,***,16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of *** those miRNAs,miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH,ballooning,and fibrosis,while miR-122-5p,miR-1343-5p,miR-193a-5p,miR-193b-5p,and miR-7845-5p were consistently and posi

关键词： MicroRNA Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver fibrosis Lobular inflammation Ballooning degeneration

Short-term effect of supplemental yeast extract without or with feed enzymes on growth performance, immune status and gut structure of weaned pigs challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 378-390页

作者： Samuel M.Waititu Fugui Yin rob Patterson Juan C.Rodriguez-Lecompte Charles M.Nyachoti Department of Animal Science University of Manitoba201-12 Dafoe RoadWinnipegM6 R3T 2N2Canada Canadian Bio-systems Inc. CalgaryAB T2C OJTCanada Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPE C1A 4P3Canada

Background： This study investigated the response of piglets receiving a yeast extract without or with a multi-enzyme mixture compared with an antimicrobial growth promoter（AGP） on performance, immune status and gut structure after an E. coli lipopolysaccharide（LPS） challenge. Thirty-six pigs were allotted to six treatments including： a non-challenged control（NCC）; LPS-challenged control（CC）; CC ＋ AGP; CC ＋ yeast extract; CC ＋ enzymes; and CC ＋ enzymes ＋ yeast extract. On d 7, pigs were bled and thereafter injected with LPS or sterile saline. Blood samples were collected at 6, 48, and 96 h post-challenge. After 96 h post-challenge, pigs were euthanized to obtain duodenal, jejunal and ileal ***： Overall（d 1 to 11）, compared with CC pigs, AGP attenuated the LPS-induced reduction in ADG（P = 0.004）,ADFI（P = 0.03） and gain/feed ratio（P = 0.01）. At 6 h post-challenge, AGP pigs had lower plasma urea N（PUN; P = 0.02）and serum TNF-α concentration（P = 0.07）, and higher platelet count（P = 0.04） and serum IL-10 concentration（P = 0.02） than CC pigs. At 48 h post-challenge, AGP pigs had lower PUN（P = 0.02） than CC pigs, whereas enzymes ＋ yeast extract interacted non-additively（P = 0.001） to reduce PUN. At 96 h post-challenge, AGP pigs had lower PUN（P = 0.02）and higher duodenal（P = 0.03）, jejunal（P = 0.01） and ileal（P = 0.07） villus height than CC pigs. In addition, enzymes ＋yeast extract interacted additively and non-additively to reduce ileal IFN-γ（P 0.10） were observed between AGP and enzymes ＋ yeast extract pigs on other measured parameters except for the downregulation of ileal IFN-γ（P ＆lt; 0.0001） and TNF-α（P = 0.003） in enzymes ＋ yeast extract pigs at 96 h ***： The LPS challenged piglets receiving enzymes ＋ yeast extract showed beneficial responses in gut structure and immunity commensurate with those receiving antibiotics, though the latter had better overall growth performance.

关键词： Antimicrobial growth promoter Feed enzymes Growth performance Immunity Nucleotides Piglets

Herbal Supplements and Sport Performance

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中国运动医学杂志 2008年第5期27卷 641-646页

作者： Ellen Coleman Ron Maughan Suzanne Nelson Steen rob Skinner Sports Nutritionist The Sports ClinicRiversideCalifornia University Medical School ForesterhillAberdeenScotland Director of Sports Nutrition Services Department of Intercollegiate AthleticsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashington Director of Sports Nutrition Georgia Tech Athletic AssociationGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgi

KEY POINTS·Labels on dietary supplements can be *** mayinclude substantially more,but usually less,of the listed amounts of ingre-dients,and substances may be added?some ofwhich can cause failed doping tests for athl... 详细信息

关键词：中药保健品体育运动营养学

Emerging Trends for Microbiome Analysis： From Single-Cell Functional Imaging to Microbiome Big Data

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Engineering 2017年第1期3卷 66-70页

作者： Jian xu Bo Ma Xiaoquan Su Shi Huang Xin Xu Xuedong Zhou Wei Huang rob Knight Single-Cell Center CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao Shandong 266101 China Center for Microbiome Innovation Department of Pediatrics Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San Diego CA 92093 USA Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3PJ UK State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases West China Hospital ofStomatology Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Method development has always been and will continue to be a core driving force of microbiome science, In this perspective, we argue that in the next decade, method development in microbiome analysis will be driven by three key changes in both ways of thinking and technological platforms： ① a shift from dissecting microbiota structure by sequencing to tracking microbiota state, function, and intercellular interaction via imaging; ② a shift from interrogating a consortium or population of cells to probing individual cells; and ③a shift from microbiome data analysis to microbiome data science. Some of the recent methoddevelopment efforts by Chinese microbiome scientists and their international collaborators that underlie these technological trends are highlighted here. It is our belief that the China Microbiome Initiative has the opportunity to deliver outstanding ＂Made-in-China＂ tools to the international research community, by building an ambitious, competitive, and collaborative program at the forefront of method development for microbiome science.

关键词： Microbiome Method development Single-cell analysis Big data China Microbiome Initiative