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Risk mapping of wildlife-vehicle collisions across thestate of Montana,USA:a machine-learning approach forimbalanced data along rural roads

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第3期6卷 124-132页

作者： Matthew Bell Yiyi Wang rob Ament Western Transportation Institute Montana State University2327 University WayBozemanMT 59717USA School of Engineering San Francisco State University1600 Holloway AveSan FranciscoCA 94132USA

Wildlife-vehicle collisions(WVCs)with large animals are estimated to cost the USA over 8 billion USD in property damage,tens of thousands of human injuries and nearly 200 human fatalities each *** WVCs occur on rural roads and are not collected evenly among road segments,leading to imbalanced *** are a disproportionate number of analysis units that have zero WVC cases when investigating large geographic areas for collision *** units with zero WVCs can reduce prediction accuracy and weaken the coefficient estimates of statistical learning *** study demonstrates that the use of the synthetic minority over-sampling technique(SMOTE)to handle imbalanced WVC data in combination with statistical and machine-learning models improves the ability to determine seasonal WVC risk across the rural highway network in Montana,*** array of regularized variables describing landscape,road and traffic were used to develop negative binomial and random forest models to infer WVC rates per 100 million vehicle miles *** random forest model is found to work particularly well with SMOTE-augmented data to improve the prediction accuracy of seasonal WVC ***-augmented data are found to improve accuracy when predicting crash risk across fine-grained grids while retaining the characteristics of the original *** analyses suggest that SMOTE augmentation mitigates data imbalance that is encountered in seasonally divided WVC *** research provides the basis for future risk-mapping models and can potentially be used to address the low rates of WVCs and other crash types along rural roads.

关键词： wildlife-vehicle collisions machine learning SMOTE negative binomial risk mapping

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Rapid,high-resolution detection of environmental change over continental scales from satellite data–the Earth Observation Data Cube

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第1期9卷 106-111页

作者： Adam Lewis Leo Lymburner Matthew B.J.Purss Brendan Brooke Ben Evans Alex Ip Arnold G.Dekker James R.Irons Stuart Minchin Norman Mueller Simon Oliver Dale roberts Barbara Ryan Medhavy Thankappan rob woodcock Lesley Wyborn Geoscience Australia CanberraAustralia National Computational Infrastructure Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CanberraAustralia NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMDUSA Research School of Finance Actuarial Studies and Applied StatisticsANUCanberraAustralia The Group on Earth Observations Secretariate GenevaSwitzerland

The effort and cost required to convert satellite Earth Observation(EO)data into meaningful geophysical variables has prevented the systematic analysis of all available *** overcome these problems,we utilise an integrated High Performance Computing and Data environment to rapidly process,restructure and analyse the Australian Landsat data *** this approach,the EO data are assigned to a common grid framework that spans the full geospatial and temporal extent of the observations–the EO Data *** approach is pixel-based and incorporates geometric and spectral calibration and quality assurance of each Earth surface reflectance *** demonstrate the utility of the approach with rapid time-series mapping of surface water across the entire Australian continent using 27 years of continuous,25 m resolution *** preliminary analysis of the Landsat archive shows how the EO Data Cube can effectively liberate high-resolution EO data from their complex sensor-specific data structures and revolutionise our ability to measure environmental change.

关键词： Earth Observation Data Cube HPD HPC surface water Landsat Australia

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探索DNA数据驱动器

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科技纵览 2024年第3期 30-36,4页

作者： rob Carlson 不详

我们每天都会产生很多数据,包括电子邮件、文本、照片和社交媒体帖子等。虽然这些内容大多不值得保存,但每天我们都在默默地作出不删除这些数据的决定。我们把它们保存在某个地方,可能是手机上、电脑硬盘上或者云上,最终它们都会被存档... 详细信息

我们每天都会产生很多数据,包括电子邮件、文本、照片和社交媒体帖子等。虽然这些内容大多不值得保存,但每天我们都在默默地作出不删除这些数据的决定。我们把它们保存在某个地方,可能是手机上、电脑硬盘上或者云上,最终它们都会被存档,大多数情况下是在磁带上。此外,现在各种设备和传感器都将数据传输到网络上,汽车、飞机和其他交通工具的数据也要存储以备后用。物联网上的数十亿物品都会产生数据,所有这些信息都需要存储在某个地方。

关键词：电子邮件电脑硬盘物联网数据传输其他交通工具社交媒体传感器

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LKB1 depletion-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition induces fibroblast activation in lung fibrosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu Elizabeth R.Davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aiman Alzetani Ben G.Marshall David Hancock Tim Wallis Julian Downward rob M.Ewing Donna E.Davies Mark G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK University Hospital Southampton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncogene Biology The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factors that determine fibrosis progression or normal tissue repair are largely *** previously demonstrated that autophagy inhibition-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in human alveolar epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells augments local myofibroblast differentiation in pulmonary fibrosis by paracrine ***,we report that liver kinase B1(LKB1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophagy and induces EMT as a *** IPF lungs,this is caused by the down-regulation of CAB39L,a key subunit within the LKB1 complex.3D co-cultures of ATIl cells and MRC5 lung fibroblasts coupled with RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)confirmed that paracrine signaling between LKB1-depleted ATIl cells and fibroblasts augmented myofibroblast ***,these data suggest that reduced autophagy caused by LKB1 inhibition can induce EMT in ATIl cells and contribute to fibrosis via aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk.

关键词： CAB39L Crosstalk EMT LKB1 Pulmonary fibrosis

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Recurrent gene flow between Neanderthals and modern humans over the past 200,000 years

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第7期46卷 1621-1621页

作者： Liming Li Troy J. Comi rob F. Bierman Joshua M. Akey Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology School of Medicine The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China. The Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics Princeton University Princeton NJ 08540 USA.

Although it is well known that the ancestors of modern humans and Neanderthals admixed,the effects of gene flow on the Neanderthal genome are not well *** develop methods to estimate the amount of human-introgressed s... 详细信息

关键词： flow modern apply

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Genomic Mutations Within the Host Microbiome: Adaptive Evolution or Purifying Selection

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Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 96-102页

作者： Jiachao Zhang rob Knight School of Food Science and Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Department of Pediatrics University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Center for Microbiome Innovation Jacobs School of EngineeringUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Bioengineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Next-generation sequencing technology has transformed our ability to assess the taxonomic composition functions of host-associated microbiota and microbiomes. More human microbiome research projects—particularly those that explore genomic mutations within the microbiome—will be launched in the next decade. This review focuses on the coevolution of microbes within a microbiome, which shapes strain-level diversity both within and between host species. We also explore the correlation between microbial genomic mutations and common metabolic diseases, and the adaptive evolution of pathogens and probiotics during invasion and colonization. Finally, we discuss advances in methods and algorithms for annotating and analyzing microbial genomic mutations.

关键词： Gut microbiota Genomic mutations Adaptive evolution Purifying selection Single-nucleoti de variants

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Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li Brittney O Baumert Nikos Stratakis Jesse A Goodrich Hao-Tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max T Aung Hong-Xu Wang Sandrah P Eckel Douglas I Walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A La Merrill Justin R Ryder Thomas H Inge Todd Jenkins Stephanie Sisley Rohit Kohli Stavra A Xanthakos Andrea A Baccarelli rob McConnell David V Conti Lida Chatzi Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States Barcelona Institute of Global Health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Environmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Department of Surgery Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and *** ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with *** microRNA(miRNA)levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD,but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains *** analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in *** To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with *** This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery ***-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of *** samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling.A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG EdgeSeq *** examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age,sex,race,and other key *** Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of *** We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p,and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p,in adolescents with ***,52,16,15,and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH,fibrosis,ballooning degeneration,and lobular inflammation,***,16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of *** those miRNAs,miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH,ballooning,and fibrosis,while miR-122-5p,miR-1343-5p,miR-193a-5p,miR-193b-5p,and miR-7845-5p were consistently and posi

关键词： MicroRNA Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver fibrosis Lobular inflammation Ballooning degeneration

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Synthetic lethal approaches to target cancers with loss of PTEN function

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第6期10卷 2511-2527页

作者： Ayse Ertay rob MEwing Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene and has a role in inhibiting the oncogenic AKT signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3 ) into phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2 ). The function of PTEN is regulated by different mechanisms and inactive PTEN results in aggressive tumor phenotype and tumorigenesis. Identifying targeted therapies for inactive tumor suppressor genes such as PTEN has been challenging as it is difficult to restore the tumor suppressor functions. Therefore, focusing on the downstream signaling pathways to discover a targeted therapy for inactive tumor suppressor genes has highlighted the importance of synthetic lethality studies. This review focused on the potential synthetic lethality genes discovered in PTEN-inactive cancer types. These discovered genes could be potential targeted therapies for PTEN-inactive cancer types and may improve the treatment response rates for aggressive types of cancer.

关键词： Cancer PTEN Synthetic lethality Tumour suppressor gene WDHD1

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Mechanical circulatory support in cardiogenic shock and post-myocardial infarction mechanical complications

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第2期19卷 130-136页

作者： Daniel rob Jan Bělohlávek nd Department of Medicine-Department of Cardiovascular Medicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University HospitalPragueCzech Republic

Despite advanced therapies,the mortality of patients with myocardial infarction(MI)complicated by cardiogenic shock(CS)remains around 50%.Mechanical complications of MI are rare nowadays but associated with high mortality in patients who present with *** treatment strategies and mechanical circulatory support(MCS)devices have been increasingly used to improve the grim prognosis of refractory *** article discusses current evidence regarding the use of MCS in MI complicated by CS,ventricular septal rupture,free wall rupture and acute mitral *** selection should be tailored according to the cause and severity of *** MCS initiation and multidisciplinary team cooperation is mandatory for good *** associated bleeding remains a major complication and an obstacle to better *** prospective randomized trials will improve current knowledge regarding MCS indications,timing,and patient selection in the coming years.

关键词： mortality infarction rupture

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Free fatty acids, glucose, and insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第3期13卷 275-277页

作者： rob NM Weijers Teaching Hospital OLVGAmsterdam 95500Netherlands

Xu et al used the HOMA2 model to estimate theβ-cell function and insulin resistance levels in an individual from simultaneously measured fasting plasma glucose and fasting plasma insulin *** method is based on the assumption that the glucose-insulin axis is central for the metabolic activities,which led to type 2 ***,significant downregulation of both the NKX2-1 gene and the TPD52L3 gene force an increase in the release of free fatty acids(FFAs)into the blood circulation,which leads to a marked reduction in membrane *** data favor a FFA-glucose-insulin *** authors are invited to extend their study with the introduction of the saturation index(number of carbon-carbon double bonds per 100 fatty-acyl chains),as observed in erythrocytes.

关键词： Free fatty acids Membrane flexibility NKX2-1 gene RNA sequencing Type 2 diabetes TPD52L-3 gene Unsaturation index

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