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Biodegradation of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Coploymer via Sugars Attached to the Polymer Chain

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2013年第2期3卷 112-118页

作者： Rakesh Singh rishi gupta Mukund G. Adsul Ramesh C. Kuhad Digambar V. Gokhale Anjani J. Varma Department of Microbiology University of Delhi (South Campus) New Delhi India National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms Biochemical Sciences Division National Chemical Laboratory Pune India Polymer Science & Engineering Division National Chemical Laboratory Pune India

A synthetic method was developed to chemically attach few molecules of simple sugars like glucose, mannose, galactose, maltose and xylose (0.09 - 0.37 wt%) and with quaternary nitrogen pendants (0.42 - 0.46 atomic%) along the polybutadiene section of polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene (SBS) block copolymer. These functionalized SBS copolymers were evaluated for biodegradation using the fungal culture Aspergillus niger NCIM 1025 (ATCC 9642) and bacterial culture Pseudomonas sp. NCIM 2220, and for antimicrobial properties using bacteria E. coli DH5α and Bacillus subtilis and yeasts Pichia stipitis NCIM 3497 and P. stipitis NCIM 3499. It was conclusively demonstrated that these modified SBS block copolymers were significantly more biodegradable than the unmodified SBS;the observed weight loss after biodegradation was ~4 - 14-fold for bacterial and ~7 - 36-fold for fungal cultures with respect to the sugar content of modified SBS. Preliminary studies on antimicrobial properties of these biodegradable polymers showed a 4% - 24% decrease in growth of the microorganisms E. coli and Bacillus subtilis studied.

关键词： Biodegradation Antimicrobial SBS Sugar Quaternary Nitrogen

急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗质量改进的多学会共识

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国际脑血管病杂志 2013年第11期21卷 807-820页

作者： David Sacks Carl M. Black Christophe Cognard John J. Connors Donald Frei rishi gupta Tudor G. Jovin Bryan Kluck Philip M. Meyers Kieran J. Murphy Stephen Ramee Daniel A. Rufenacht M.J. Bernadette Stallmeyer Dierk Vorwerk 皮燕(译) 张莉莉(译) 李敬诚(译) Department of Interventional Radiology Reading Hospital and Medical Center West Reading Center for Neuroendovascular Therapy University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Stroke Institute Pittsburgh The Heart Care Group Allentown Pennsylvania Department of Radiology Utah Valley Regional Medical Center Provo Utah Departments of Radiology Neurological Surgery and Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee Department of Neurointerventional Surgery Radiology Imaging Associates and Swedish Medical Center Denver Colorado Department of Neurology Emory Clinic Atlanta Georgia Department of Neurological Surgery Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York Department of Interventional Cardiology Ochsner Medical Center New Orleans Louisiana Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Service Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Hopital Purpan Toulouse France Department of Medical Imaging University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Neuroradiology Division Swiss Neurolnstitute Clinic Hirslanden Zurich Switzerland Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Klinikum Ingolstadt Ingolstadt Germany 重庆第三军医大学第三附属医院野战外科研究所神经内科 400042

目的这份国际性多学科共识文件将对急性缺血性卒中诊治过程和临床转归的质量标准进行定义，并希望在质量保证程序中使用这些标准，从而评估和改善急性卒中血运重建的过程和转归。材料和方法写作组成员由美国神经放射学学会、加拿大介入... 详细信息

目的这份国际性多学科共识文件将对急性缺血性卒中诊治过程和临床转归的质量标准进行定义，并希望在质量保证程序中使用这些标准，从而评估和改善急性卒中血运重建的过程和转归。材料和方法写作组成员由美国神经放射学学会、加拿大介入放射学协会、欧洲心血管和介入放射学学会、心血管造影和介入学会、介入放射学学会、神经介入外科学会、欧洲微创神经病学治疗学会以及血管和介入神经病学学会认命。写作组回顾了1986年至2012年2月期间的相关文献，对急性缺血性卒中的诊疗过程和转归进行总结形成一份证据表，然后通过共识设立性能指标和阈值。本指南得到发起学会的批准，并计划在3年后进行全面更新。结果这份国际性多学科共识文件对诊治过程和临床转归的质量标准进行了定义，包括从入院到进行影像学检查、动脉穿刺和血运重建的时间间隔以及90d时的临床转归评估标准。结论本文件为急性缺血性卒中血管内血运重建程序提供了质量改进指南。

关键词：急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗质量改进学会介入放射学临床转归心血管造影质量标准

机械血栓切除术综合性卒中中心的要求和卒中血管内治疗医疗体系：血管和介入神经病学学会（SVIN）卒中血管内治疗标准委员会的推荐意见

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国际脑血管病杂志 2017年第6期25卷 498-505页

作者： Joey D. English Dileep R. Yavagal rishi gupta Vallabh Janardhan Osama O. Zaidat Andrew R. Xavier Raul G. Nogueira Jawad F. Kirmani Tudor G. Jovin 刘晓昀许岩孙文 From the Neurointerventional Surgery California Pacific Medical Center San Francisco Calif. Neurology and Neurosurgery University of Miami School of Medicine Miami Fla. Neurosurgery WellStar Medical Group Marietta Ga. Neurology Medical City Dallas Hospital Dallas Tex. Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wis. Neurology Detroit Medical Center Detroit Mich. Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Ga. Stroke and Neurovascular Center JFK Medical Center Edison N.J. Neurology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pa. 南京大学医学院附属金陵医院(南京军区南京总医院)神经内科 210002

最近，5项具有里程碑意义的多中心、前瞻性、随机、开放标签、盲法终点的临床试验证实，在伴有颅内大血管闭塞的急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke，AIS）患者中，应用机械血栓切除术进行血管内治疗具有显著的临床获益。血管和介... 详细信息

最近，5项具有里程碑意义的多中心、前瞻性、随机、开放标签、盲法终点的临床试验证实，在伴有颅内大血管闭塞的急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke，AIS）患者中，应用机械血栓切除术进行血管内治疗具有显著的临床获益。血管和介入神经病学学会（Society of Vascular and Interventional，SVIN）任命了一个专业写作委员会来总结这些新证据，并就如何应用这些数据指导AIS患者的急诊血管内治疗提出了推荐意见。

关键词：急性缺血性卒中大血管闭塞机械取栓术医疗体系

Proteinuria in Hypertensive Nephropathy: A Review

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2014年第2期4卷 92-99页

作者： rishi Sharma Surineni Kamalakar Ellen McCarthy Timothy A. Fields Kamal gupta Rajat Barua Virginia Savin Kansas City VA Medical Center 4801 Linwood Boulevard Kansas City USA University of Kansas Medical Center 3901 Rainbow Boulevard Kansas City USA

Hypertension defined as a systolic blood pressure of ≥140 and a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 is anextremely prevalent condition;and it is responsible for significant mortality and morbidity. NHANESdata from 2005-2006 found that nearly 30% of adult US population has HTN;and nearly 8% of the population has undiagnosed HTN. HBP mortality in 2008 was 61,005. Any mentioned mortality in 2008 was 347,689 (NHLBI tabulation of NCHS mortality data). More than 20% of patients with systemic hypertension have chronic renal insufficiency (NHANES). Hypertensive nephropathy is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis or transplantation or leading to death. The incidence of hypertension is high but only a subset of hypertensive patients progress to frank renal failure. A subset of hypertensive patients develop proteinuria during the course of disease and manifest nephrotic syndrome. This syndrome includes marked proteinuria, edema, and low serum albumin. Neither the incidence nor the clinical significance of proteinuria in hypertension without diabetes is known. Progression to chronic renal failure in some patients is preceded by proteinuria as indicated on “dip-stick” analyses of random urine samples. It appears that proteinuria is likely to increase both prior to and during evident loss of glomerular filtration, but this clinical observation has never been formally confirmed. There is a need for large studies to answer these questions. We also need to focus on the roles that genetic and environmental factors play in development and progression of renal disease in the setting of hypertension and proteinuria.

关键词： Hypertension Nephropathy Proteinuria ESRD Genetics

颅内血管神经介入治疗的适应证美国心脏协会心血管放射学和介入委员会、卒中委员会、心血管外科和麻醉委员会、外周血管病跨学科委员会以及护理质量和转归研究跨学科委员会的联合学术声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2009年第10期17卷 724-736页

作者： Philip M. Meyers H. Christian Schumacher Randall T. Higashida Stanley L. Barnwell Mark A. Creager rishi gupta Cameron G. McDougall Dilip K. Pandey David Sacks Lawrence R. Wechsler 乔梵(译) 刘建民(译) 洪波(译) 不详第二军医大学附属长海医院临床神经医学中心上海000433

颅内血管内介入是一种使用微侵袭血管内技术治疗脑血管病的方法。该专业领域在过去10年里取得了巨大进展，而且随着该学科得到越来越多的临床认可，这种进步的速度还在加快。

关键词：神经介入治疗颅内血管心血管放射学美国心脏协会委员会心血管外科外周血管病跨学科

Decline in subarachnoid haemorrhage volumes associated with the first wave of the COVID- 19 pandemic

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 542-552,I0026-I0032页

作者： Thanh N Nguyen Diogo C Haussen Muhammad M Qureshi Hiroshi Yamagami Toshiyuki Fujinaka Ossama Y Mansour Mohamad Abdalkader Michael Frankel Zhongming Qiu Allan Taylor Pedro Lylyk Omer F Eker Laura Mechtouff Michel Piotin Fabricio Oliveira Lima Francisco Mont'Alverne Wazim Izzath Nobuyuki Sakai Mahmoud Mohammaden Alhamza R Al-Bayati Leonardo Renieri Salvatore Mangiafico David Ozretic Vanessa Chalumeau Saima Ahmad Umair Rashid Syed Irteza Hussain Seby John Emma Griffin John Thornton Jose Antonio Fiorot Rodrigo Rivera Nadia Hammami Anna M Cervantes-Arslanian Hormuzdiyar H Dasenbrock Huynh Le Vu Viet Quy Nguyen Steven Hetts Romain Bourcier Romain Guile Melanie Walker Malveeka Sharma Don Frei Pascal Jabbour Nabeel Herial Fawaz Al-Mufti Atilla Ozcan Ozdemir Ozlem Aykac Dheeraj Gandhi Chandril Chugh Charles Matouk Pascale Lavoie Randall Edgell Andre Beer-Furlan Michael Chen Monika Killer-Oberpfalzer Vitor Mendes Pereira Patrick Nicholson Vikram Huded Nobuyuki Ohara Daisuke Watanabe Dong Hun Shin Pedro SC Magalhaes Raghid Kikano Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez Mudassir Farooqui Amal Abou-Hamden Tatsuo Amano Ryoo Yamamoto Adrienne Weeks Elena A Cora Rotem Sivan-Hoffmann Roberto Crosa Markus Möhlenbruch Simon Nagel Hosam Al-Jehani Sunil A Sheth Victor S Lopez Rivera James E Siegler Achmad Fidaus Sani Ajit S Puri Anna Luisa Kuhn Gianmarco Bernava Paolo Machi Daniel G Abud Octavio M Pontes-Neto Ajay K Wakhloo Barbara Voetsch Eytan Raz Shadi Yaghi Brijesh P Mehta Naoto Kimura Mamoru Murakami Jin Soo Lee Ji Man Hong Robert Fahed Gregory Walker Eiji Hagashi Steve M Cordina Hong Gee Roh Ken Wong Juan F Arenillas Mario Martinez-Galdamez Jordi Blasco Alejandro Rodriguez Vasquez Luisa Fonseca M Luis Silva Teddy Y Wu Simon John Alex Brehm Marios Psychogios William J Mack Matthew Tenser Tatemi Todaka Miki Fujimura Roberta Novakovic Jun Deguchi Yuri Sugiura Hiroshi Tokimura Rakesh Khatri Michael Kelly Lissa Peeling Yuichi Murayama Hugh Stephen Winters Johnny Wong Mohamed Teleb Jeremy Payne Hiroki Fukuda Kosuke Miyake Junsuke Shimbo Yusuke Sug Neurology RadiologyBoston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurology Marcus Stroke&Neuroscience CenterGrady Memorial HospitalEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Radiology Radiation OncologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurology National Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan Neurosurgery National Hospital Organization Osaka National HospitalOsakaJapan Neurology Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Radiology Boston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology Xinqiao HospitalChongqingChina Neurosurgery University of Cape TownRondeboschWestern CapeSouth Africa Neurosurgery Interventional NeuroradiologyClinica La Sagrada FamiliaBuenos AiresArgentina Neuroradiologie Neurologie VasculaireHospices Civils de LyonLyonAuvergne-Rhône AlpesFrance Neurologie Vasculaire Hospices Civils de LyonLyonAuvergne-Rhône AlpesFrance Interventional Neuroradiology Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de RothschildParisÎle-de FranceFrance Neurology Hospital Geral de FortalezaFortalezaBrazil Interventional Neuroradiology Hospital Geral de FortalezaFortalezaBrazil Neuroradiology Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Department of Neurosurgery Kobe City Medical Center General HospitalKobeHyogoJapan Interventional Neurovascular Unit University Hospital CareggiFirenzeToscanaItaly Neuroradiology University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagrebCroatia Interventional Neuroradiology Hopital BicetreLe Kremlin-BicetreFrance Stroke and Interventional Neuroradiology Lahore General HospitalLahorePakistan Neurological Institute Cleveland Clinic Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Department of Radiology Beaumont HospitalDublinIreland Neurology Stroke UnitHospital-Estadual CentralVitoriaBrazil Neuroradiology Instituto de Neurocirugia Dr AsengoSantiagoChile Interventional Neuroradiology Institut National de NeurologieTunisTunisia Neurology Boston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Neurosurgery Boston Medical Center

Background During the COVID-19 pandemic,decreased volumes of stroke admissions and mechanical thrombectomy were *** study’s objective was to examine whether subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH)hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions demonstrated similar *** We conducted a cross-sectional,retrospective,observational study across 6 continents,37 countries and 140 comprehensive stroke *** with the diagnosis of SAH,aneurysmal SAH,ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions and COVID-19 were identified by prospective aneurysm databases or by International Classification of Diseases,10th Revision,*** 3-month cumulative volume,monthly volumes for SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling procedures were compared for the period before(1 year and immediately before)and during the pandemic,defined as 1 March-31 May *** prior 1-year control period(1 March-31 May 2019)was obtained to account for seasonal *** There was a significant decline in SAH hospitalisations,with 2044 admissions in the 3 months immediately before and 1585 admissions during the pandemic,representing a relative decline of 22.5%(95%CI−24.3%to−20.7%,p<0.0001).Embolisation of ruptured aneurysms declined with 1170-1035 procedures,respectively,representing an 11.5%(95%CI−13.5%to−9.8%,p=0.002)relative *** analysis was noted for aneurysmal SAH hospitalisation decline from 834 to 626 hospitalisations,a 24.9%relative decline(95%CI−28.0%to−22.1%,p<0.0001).A relative increase in ruptured aneurysm coiling was noted in low coiling volume hospitals of 41.1%(95%CI 32.3%to 50.6%,p=0.008)despite a decrease in SAH admissions in this *** There was a relative decrease in the volume of SAH hospitalisations,aneurysmal SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm embolisations during the COVID-19 *** findings in SAH are consistent with a decrease in other emergencies,such as stroke and myocardial infarction.

关键词： diagnosis representing subarachnoid

Artefacts in cone beam CT

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2013年第5期3卷 292-297页

作者： Prashant P. Jaju Mayuri Jain Ajita Singh Akanksha gupta rishi Raj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre Bhopal India

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the modern third dimension applied in the field of oral maxillofacial region. With lower radiation dose compared to conventional CT, its applications in dentistry has increased tremendously. Artefacts can seriously degrade the quality of computed tomographic (CBCT) images, sometimes to the point of making them diagnostically unusable. To optimize image quality, it is necessary to understand why artifacts occur and how they can be prevented or suppressed. CT artifacts originate from a range of sources;physical based, scanner based and patient based. This article highlights the causes of artefacts on CBCT images and methods to avoid them.

关键词： CBCT Artefacts Metal Artefacts