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Manometric assessment of idiopathic megarectum in constipated children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 6027-6030页

作者： Giuseppe Chiarioni Giuseppe de roberto Alessandro Mazzocchi Antonio Morelli Gabrio Bassotti Gastroenterological Rehabilitation Division of the University of Verona Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section

AIM: Chronic constipation is a frequent finding in children. In this age range, the concomitant occurrence of megarectum is not uncommon. However, the definition of megarectum is variable, and a few data exist for *** studied anorectal manometric variables and sensation in a group of constipated children with megarectum defined by radiologic criteria. Data from this group were compared with those obtained in a similar group of children with recurrent abdominal ***: Anorectal testing was carried out in both groups by standard manometric technique and rectal balloon expulsion ***: Megarectum patients displayed discrete abnormalities of anorectal variables and sensation with respect to controls. In particular, the pelvic floor function appeared to be impaired in most ***: Constipated children with megarectum have abnormal anorectal function and sensation. These findings may be helpful for a better understanding of the pathophysiological basis of this condition.

关键词： Constipation Manometry Megarectum

Octopamine modulates the activity of motoneurons related to calling behavior in the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar

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Insect Science 2018年第5期25卷 797-808页

作者： Paolo Solari Giorgia Sollai Carla Masala Riccardo Maccioni roberto Crnjar Anna Liscia Department of Biomedical Sciences Section of Physiology University of Cagliari University Campus Monserrato CA Italy

A morphofunctional investigation of the different neuronal subpopulations projecting through each of the nerves IV-VI emerging bilaterally from the terminal ab- dominal ganglion （TAG） was correlated with the octopaminergic activity in the ganglion that controls the ovipositor movements associated with caUing behavior in the female gypsy moth Lymantria dispar. Tetramethylrodamine-dextran backfills from nerve stumps resulted in a relatively low number of TAG projections, ranging from 12 to 13 for nerve pair IV, 12 to 14 for nerve pair V, and 8 to 9 for nerve pair VI. Furthermore, as assessed by electrophysiological recordings, a number of fibers within each of these nerves displays spontaneous tonic activity, also when the ganglion is fully disconnected from the ventral nerve cord （VNC）. Octopamine （OA） applications to the TAG strongly enhanced the activ- ity of these nerves, either by increasing the firing rate of a number of spontaneously firing units or by recruiting new ones. This octopaminergic activity affected calling behavior, and specifically the muscle activity leading to cycling extensions of the intersegmental membrane （IM） between segments VIII and IX （ovipositor）. Our results indicate that in the female gypsy moth the octopaminergic neural activity of the TAG is coupled with ex- tensions and retractions oflM for the purpose of releasing pheromone, where motor units innervated by nerve pair IV appear antagonistic with respect to those innervated by nerve pair V.

关键词： electrophysiology morphology muscle contraction neuromodulation terminal abdominal ganglion

Density of states characterization of TiO_(2) films deposited by pulsed laser deposition for heterojunction solar cells

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Nano Research 2022年第5期15卷 4048-4057页

作者： Daniele Scire roberto Macaluso Mauro Mosca Maria Pia Casaletto Olindo Isabella Miro Zeman Isodiana Crupi Department of Engineering University of PalermoViale delle ScienzeEd.9Palermo 90128Italy Institute of Nanostructured Materials(ISMN) National Research Council(CNR)Via Ugo La Malfa 153Palermo 90146Italy Photovoltaic Materials and Devices Group Delft University of TechnologyMekelweg 4Delft 2628CDthe Netherlands

The application of titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))in the photovoltaic(PV)field is gaining traction as this material can be deployed in doping-free heterojunction solar cells with the role of electron selective *** modeling-based optimization of such contact,knowledge of the titanium oxide defect density of states(DOS)is *** this paper,we report a method to extract the defect density through nondestructive optical measures,including the contribution given by small polaron optical *** presence of both related to oxygen-vacancy defects and polarons is supported by the results of optical characterizations and the evaluation of previous observations resulting in a defect band fixed at 1 eV below the conduction band edge of the *** cells employing pulsed laser deposited-TiO_(2)electron selective contacts were fabricated and *** J-V curve of these cells showed,however,an S-shape,then a detailed analysis of the reasons for such behavior was carried *** use a model involving the series of a standard cell equivalent circuit with a Schottky junction in order to explain these atypical performances.A good matching between the experimental measurements and the adopted theoretical model was *** extracted parameters are listed and analyzed to shed light on the reasons behind the low-performance cells.

关键词： solar cell heterojunction photovoltaic(PV) defect density small polaron pulsed laser deposition(PLD) titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)) defects

Leveraging graph convolutional networks for semi-supervised fault diagnosis of HVAC systems in data-scarce contexts

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Building Simulation 2023年第8期16卷 1499-1517页

作者： Cheng Fan Yiwen Lin Marco Savino Piscitelli roberto Chiosa Huilong Wang Alfonso Capozzoli Yuanyuan Ma Key Laboratory for Resilient Infrastructures of Coastal Cities Ministry of EducationShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina Sino-Australia Joint Research Center in BIM and Smart Construction Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina Department of Energy TEBE research groupBAEDA LabPolitecnico di TorinoTorinoItaly

The continuous accumulation of operational data has provided an ideal platform to devise and implement customized data analytics for smart HVAC fault detection and *** practice,the potentials of advanced supervised learning algorithms have not been fully realized due to the lack of sufficient labeled *** tackle such data challenges,this study proposes a graph neural network-based approach to effectively utilizing both labeled and unlabeled operational data for optimum *** specifically,a graph generation method is proposed to transform tabular building operational data into association graphs,based on which graph convolutions are performed to derive useful insights for fault *** experiments have been designed to evaluate the values of the methods *** datasets on HVAC air-side operations have been used to ensure the generalizability of results *** data scenarios,which vary in training data amounts and imbalance ratios,have been created to comprehensively quantify behavioral patterns of representative graph convolution networks and their *** research results indicate that graph neural networks can effectively leverage associations among labeled and unlabeled data samples to achieve an increase of 2.86%–7.30%in fault classification accuracies,providing a novel and promising solution for smart building management.

关键词： fault detection and diagnosis graph convolutional networks semi-supervised learning HVAC systems machine learning

Improved frost forecast using machine learning methods

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Artificial Intelligence in Geosciences 2023年第1期4卷 164-181页

作者： Jos´e roberto Rozante Enver Ramirez Diego Ramirez Gabriela Rozante Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies National Institute for Space ResearchCachoeira PaulistaSPBrazil University of Sao Paulo(EEL/USP) LorenaSPBrazil Sao Paulo State University(UNESP) BauruSPBrazil

Frosts are one of the atmospheric phenomena with one of the larger negative effects on the agricultural sector in the southern region of Brazil,therefore,an earlier forecast can minimize their *** the present work,artificial neural networks(ANNs)techniques were applied in order to improve the predicting capabilities of frost events in southern *** the study,two multilayer perceptron(MLP)ANNs were built,one with ADAM optimizer and the other with *** input parameters MLP-ANNs were numerical predictions of the Eta *** ANNs were trained using four years(2012-2015),while validation and testing were performed using 2016 and 2017,*** episode of frost that occurred on May 21st,2018,related to an intense cold air mass,was also utilized to evaluate the performance of the *** best configurations(topologies and hyperparameters)of the ANNs were identified through experiments,using the highest accuracy obtained during the validation period as a *** results of the ANNs with ADAM and SGD optimizers were compared with the predictions of the Eta *** the case study,an additional comparison against the operational frost index(IG)from the National Institute for Space Research(INPE)was also *** performance of both ANNs(properly configured)with ADAM and SGD optimizers are comparable one to the *** both are significantly better compared to the Eta *** ANNs were able to drastically reduce the underestimation trends of frost events caused by the warm bias of the Eta *** ANNs also indicated more satisfactory performances when compared to the INPE *** general,the ANNs were able to identify deficiencies in Eta predictions,and consequently improve their *** this sense,the use of ANNs to predict frost events can be a very useful tool in an operational environment.

关键词： Frost Artificial neural networks Multilayer perceptron frost index Deep learning

Molecular basis of the potential of mesalazine to prevent colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第28期14卷 4434-4439页

作者： Carmine Stolfi roberto Pellegrini Eleonora Franzè Francesco Pallone Giovanni Monteleone Department of Internal Medicine University Tor Vergata of RomeRome 00133Italy

Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are at increased risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC), and this is believed to be a result of chronic inflammation. Although conclusive evidence is still missing, both epidemiological and experimental observations suggest that certain drugs used to treat inflammation, such as mesalazine, can reduce the incidence of colitis-associated CRC. Therefore, in recent years, several studies have been conducted to dissect the mechanisms by which mesalazine interferes with CRC cell growth and survival. This review summarizes the current information on the molecular mechanisms that underlie the antineoplastic action of mesalazine.

关键词： Chemoprevention Colorectal cancer Cyclooxygenase-2 Epidermal growth factor receptor Inflammatory bowel disease Mesalazine Wnt/β-catenin

Double inferior vena cava does not complicate para-aortic nodal dissection for the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2012年第2期11卷 220-222页

作者： Nadia Peparini roberto Luca Meniconi Gianfranco Fanello Piero Chirletti Department of Surgical Sciences La Sapienza University viale del Policlinico 155-00161 RomeItaly

Duplication of the inferior vena cava(IVC) involves large veins on both sides of the aorta that join anteriorly at the level of the renal arteries to become the suprarenal *** report CT scan and intraoperative images of a patient with duplication of the IVC who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with para-aortic lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the pancreatic head:nodal dissection along the left caval vein was not carried *** anatomical background of the lymphatic flow to the para-aortic lymph nodes and the theoretic basis for lymph node dissection of the para-aortic area in cases of double IVC are *** along the left caval vein is not necessary in patients with double IVC who undergo pancreaticoduodenectomy with extended lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the pancreatic head in the absence of preoperative appearance of para-aortic disease.

关键词： vena cava,inferior lymph node excision pancreatic neoplasms

Inequity in the global distribution of monkeypox vaccines

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第19期11卷 4498-4503页

作者： Marcos roberto Tovani-Palone Neel Doshi Paolo Pedersini Department of Research Analytics Saveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai 600077India Department of Medicine Pravara Institute of Medical SciencesAhmednagar 413736India IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Milan 20148Italy

Monkeypox(mpox)has been a public health emergency of international concern that emerged in mid-2022 and has spread to 110 *** clinical findings of the disease vary according to the seriousness of the *** its case fatality risk has not been high,a significant percentage of patients require *** this context,local initiatives were taken to extend the limited supply of vaccines against the disease;however,such measures have not been sufficient to contain the spread of cases and ensure an equitable distribution of health *** a result,endemic regions of low-income countries continue to have insufficient access to mpox *** this and considering the global scope of the disease,there is still little discussion in the literature about the difficulties in achieving adequate vaccination coverage rates for the target population of *** this article,we briefly discussed general aspects of the disease,including its surveillance,the current global context of challenges for mpox vaccination,and issues on global allocation of health resources as well as proposed related recommendations.

关键词： Monkeypox Smallpox vaccine Health inequities Vaccination coverage Vaccination hesitancy Healthcare financing

New advances in radiomics of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第32期26卷 4729-4738页

作者： roberto Cannella Ludovico La Grutta Massimo Midiri Tommaso Vincenzo Bartolotta Section of Radiology-BiND University Hospital“Paolo Giaccone”Palermo 90127Italy Department of Radiology Fondazione Istituto Giuseppe GiglioCt.da PietrapollastraCefalù(Palermo)90015Italy

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are uncommon neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract with peculiar clinical,genetic,and imaging *** knowledge of risk stratification and mutational status is crucial to guide the appropriate patients’*** the clinical behavior and biological aggressiveness of GISTs based on conventional computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)evaluation is challenging,unless the lesions have already metastasized at the time of *** is emerging as a promising tool for the quantification of lesion heterogeneity on radiological images,extracting additional data that cannot be assessed by visual *** applications have been explored for the differential diagnosis of GISTs from other gastrointestinal neoplasms,risk stratification and prediction of prognosis after surgical resection,and evaluation of mutational status in *** published researches on GISTs radiomics have obtained excellent performance of derived radiomics models on CT and ***,lack of standardization and differences in study methodology challenge the application of radiomics in clinical *** purpose of this review is to describe the new advances of radiomics applied to CT and MRI for the evaluation of gastrointestinal stromal tumors,discuss the potential clinical applications that may impact patients’management,report limitations of current radiomics studies,and future directions.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumors Radiomics Texture analysis Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Clinical applications