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尽管褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)不可能在温带地区越冬,但它每年夏季都会自南向北危害中国的水稻产区。中国科学工作者业已发现了一系列褐飞虱秋季向南回迁的事实。1988年9月15日至30日,我们在江苏省江浦县使用雷达直接观测了褐飞虱的长距离迁飞。专门设计了一种高频雷达,在无降水的时候能分辨出1公里以外范围内飞行飞虱的个体,与更大范围内的昆虫密度。在一个系留气球(高度150—450米)下悬挂一个网状捕虫器,用以采集虫样。

关键词：褐飞虱雷达观测

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化学海洋学第7卷第2版第二版

化学海洋学第7卷第2版

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1985年

作者：（英）赖利（riley j.P.）（英）切斯特（Chester R.）崔清晨等译

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Biomass Production of Monocultures and Mixtures of Cup Plant and Native Grasses on Prime and Marginal Cropland

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 911-924页

作者： Arvid Boe Kenneth A. Albrecht Paul j. j.hnson j.xiang Wu Department of Agronomy Horticulture and Plant Science South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA Department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Insect Biodiversity Laboratory South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA

To date, most candidate systems for producing herbaceous cellulosic biomass have been composed of monocultures of perennial or annual grasses. Ecosystem goods and services provided from these biomass feedstock production systems could be increased dramatically with mixing of one or more forb species that would increase biodiversity and provide habitat for pollinators. Cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is featured with many desirable characteristics, such as high biomass potential, adaptation to marginal soils, and attractiveness to pollinators, desirable in a dicot species to grow in mixtures with perennial warm-season grasses. The obj.ctive of this study was to compare cup plant, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link) monocultures to their mixtures for biomass production on prime and poorly drained marginal crop land for two years in both South Dakota and Wisconsin. In Wisconsin, monocultures of prairie cordgrass and cup plant and their mixture produced more biomass (8.1 Mg·ha-1) than the switchgrass monoculture and switchgrass/cup plant mixture (5.3 Mg·ha-1) on both prime and marginal land. While in South Dakota, drought and meristem destruction by the cup plant moth (Eucosma giganteana riley) caused large reductions in biomass production (1.7 Mg·ha-1) in both years, with the switchgrass/cup plant mixture on marginal land having the highest yield (2.1 Mg·ha-1). Our study showed binary mixtures of cup plant and native warm-season grasses have great potential for increasing biodiversity and other ecosystem goods and services, relative to monocultures, for sustainable biomass feedstock production on poorly drained marginal land in the northcentral USA.

关键词： Silphium perfoliatum L. Switchgrass Panicum virgatum L. Prairie Cordgrass Spartina pectinata Link Bioenergy Pollinators Eucosma giganteana riley Ecosystem Goods and Services

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Biomass Production of Cup Plant (<i>Silphium perfoliatum</i>L.) in Response to Variation in Plant Population Density in the North Central USA

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 904-910页

作者： Arvid Boe Kenneth A. Albrecht Paul j. j.hnson j.xiang Wu Agronomy Horticulture and Plant Science Department South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA Department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Insect Biodiversity Laboratory South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA

The North American genus Silphium is receiving global attention for its potential in the development of new food, forage, and industrial crops, including cellulosic biomass for biofuel. Little is known about the effect of plant population density on biomass production in large, coarse perennial forbs. Our obj.ctive was to evaluate the effect of variation in plant density on biomass production and stand morphology of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.). Plant population densities of 17,000, 34,000, and 68,000 plants ha-1 were evaluated for biomass production in a single-harvest per annum system for three years at Brookings, SD and Arlington, WI. Biomass increased linearly by 43% between the low and high density at Brookings;whereas, at Arlington, response to variation in plant density was year dependent. Shoots plant-1 was inversely related to plant density with linear regression explaining >95% of the variation. Our results strongly suggested that further studies of effects of plant population density on biomass production in cup plant should include evaluation of, in addition to, densities higher than 68,000 plants ha-1.

关键词： Biofuel Shoot Density Shoots Plant-1 Stand Morphology Cup Plant Moth Eucosma giganteana riley Biotic Stress Abiotic Stress

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进行性核上性麻痹患者视动性眼球震颤异常

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 30-31页

作者： Garbutt S. riley D.E. Kumar A.N. R.j. Leigh 李锐 Department of Neurology University Hospitals 11100 Euclid Av enue Cleveland OH 44106-5040 United States Dr.

Obj.ctives: To measure vertical and horizontal responses to optokinetic (OK) s timulation and investigate directional abnormalities of quick phases in progress ive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Methods: Saccades and OK nystagmus were studied in six PSP patients, five with Parkinsons disease (PD), and 10 controls. The OK stimulus subtended 72°horizontally, 60°vertically, consisted of black and whit e stripes, and moved at 10-50°/s. Results: All PSP patients showed slowed volu ntary vertical saccades and nystagmus quick phases compared with PD or controls. Small, paired, horizontal saccadic intrusions (SWj. were more frequent and larg er in PSP during fixation. Vertical saccades were transiently faster at the time of SWj.and horizontal saccades in PSP. During vertical OK nystagmus, small quic k phases were often combined with horizontal SWj.in all subj.cts; in PSP the vec tor was closer to horizontal. Vertical OK slow phase gain was reduced in PSP but , in most PD patients, was similar to normals. The average position of gaze shif ted in the direction of vertical OK stimulus in PSP patients with preserved slow phase responses but impaired quick phases. Conclusions: Vertical OK responses i n PSP show impaired slow phase responses, and quick phases that are slowed and c ombined with SWj.to produce an oblique vector. SWj.facilitate vertical saccades and quick phases in PSP, but it is unclear whether this is an adaptive process o r a result of the disease. A large OK stimulus is useful to induce responses tha t can be quantitatively analysed in patients with limited voluntary range of ver tical gaze.

关键词：视动性眼球震颤帕金森病扫视运动垂直位眼震眼动凝视位垂直性适应性反应色条

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化学海洋学

化学海洋学

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1983年

作者：（英）赖利（j.P.riley）斯基罗（G.Skirrow）陆贤昆等译

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Modeling the Black Hole Recoil from the Nucleus of M83

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j.urnal of Modern Physics 2013年第7期4卷 55-63页

作者： Guilherme G. Ferrari Horacio Dottori Rubén j. Díaz ICATE-CONICET San Juan Argentina Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil

GEMINI + GMOS and Chandra emission-line spectroscopy reveal that the Fanaroff-riley II radio-source j.33658.3-295105 is a local obj.ct behind the barred-spiral galaxy M83 that is proj.cted onto the galaxy’s disk at about 60' from the galaxy’s optical nucleus. j.33658.3-295105 and its radiolobes are aligned with the optical nucleus of M83 and two other radio-sources neither of which are supernova remnants or HII regions. The optical nucleus of M83 is off-centered by 2.7' (≈60 pc) with regard to the kinematic center. Its mass is within the range (1 -4) × 106 and the velocity dispersion at its center points to a non-resolved mass concentration of ≤106 . In this paper we study the circumstances in which the radio source would have been ej.cted from the central region of M83. We analyze different types of collisions of binary and triple systems of super-massive black holes (SMBHs) by numerical simulations using a Post-Newtonian approximation of order 7/2 (~1/c7). We developed an N-body code specially built to numerically integrate the Post-Newtonian equations of motion with a symplectic method. Numerical experiments show that the code is robust enough to handle virtually any mass ratio between particles and to follow the interaction up to a SMBH separation of three Schwarzschild radii. We show that within the current Post-Newtonian approximation, a scenario in which one of the three SMBHs suffers a slingshot-like kick is best suited to explain the ej.ction of j.33658.3-295105, which simultaneously produces the recoil of the remaining BH pair, which drags together a subset of stars from the original cluster forming a structure that mimics the off-center optical nucleus of M83. The simulation parameters are tuned to reproduce the velocities and positions of j.33658.3-295105 as well as the optical nucleus and the putative SMBH at its center.

关键词： Galaxies Nuclei Dynamics Black Holes Interaction Kick-Off

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