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Systematic review with meta-analysis on transplantation for alcohol-related liver disease:Very low evidence of improved outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第13期25卷 1628-1639页

作者： Nicole t Shen Cristina Londono Stephanie Gold Ashley Wu Keith C Mages Robert S jr Brown Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Weill Cornell Medicine New York Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College New York Department of Medicine Division of Internal Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College Samuel J. Wood Library and C.V. Starr Biomedical Information Center New York

BACKGROUND Alcohol-related liver disease(ALD) is a leading cause of liver failure and indication for liver transplantation that arises in the setting of alcohol use disorder(AUD). Previous reviews of transplantation for ALD are limited in scope of outcomes and type of ALD studied. A comprehensive systematic review could improve use of transplantation in ALD and improve future research. We hypothesize that while transplanting ALD may improve mortality and relapse,findings will be limited by pre-specified causes of heterogeneity-assessment and treatment of AUD, definition of ALD, spectrum of ALD studied, assessment and rates of relapse, and study quality and *** to optimize liver transplantation for ALD, understanding existing research to guide future research, we conducted a systematic review with *** We conducted a systematic review, comparing liver transplant to no-transplant in patients with ALD, with a primary outcome of both short-and long-term mortality and relapse. We performed a comprehensive search of MEDLINE,EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases for peer-reviewed journal articles comparing use of liver transplant in ALD to no-transplant. two reviewers independently conducted screening, full text review, and data extraction according to the PRISMA guidelines. We report the quality of the evidence according to the GRADE *** We analyzed data from 10 studies. Of 1332 participants, 34.2%(456/1332) had undergone liver transplantation, while 65.8%(876/1332) had not. While random effects meta-analysis suggested transplant in comparison to no-transplant had an association of reduced mortality that did not reach statistical significance, relative risk(RR) = 0.51(0.25-1.05), but not relapse risk, RR = 0.52(0.18-1.53), significant heterogeneity limited these findings. When restricted to prospective data,transplant compared to no-transplant significantly reduced mortality, RR = 0.25(0.13-0.46, P < 0.01), and relap

关键词： Alcohol-related hepatitis Alcohol-related cirrhosis Alcohol use disorder Liver transplantation Standardization

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Gabapentin prevalence:clinical and forensic experience in ***,Missouri,USA

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第4期6卷 218-223页

作者： Sarah B.Riley Kelsie Garbutt Chelsea Crow t.scott Isbell Anthony J.Scalzo school of Medicine Department of Pathology saint Louis Universityst.LouisMissouriUs school of Medicine Department of Pediatrics saint Louis Universityst.LouisMissouriUs Department of sociology and anthropology Forensic sciences Programsaint Louis Universityst.LouisMissouriUSA

Gabapentin(Neurontin)is an anti-epileptic drug that has had wide off-label prescription use since market release due to presumed negligible abuse ***,trends in drug misuse have demonstrated that gabapentin misuse is occurring,particularly in those with a history of opioid *** is concerning,because although gabapentin has no direct ligand activity at opioid receptors,it does potentiate the analgesic effect of opioids,and concurrent use of gabapentin and opioids may increase the risk of respiratory depressive effects of *** study investigates the incidence of gabapentin detected in urine samples collected for clinical drug screening purposes in a local hospital emergency department and in postmortem samples submitted by medical examiners in the *** metropolitan *** prevalence of gabapentin and co-detected drugs in both populations is contrasted,compared,and *** study found that 30%of urine samples collected from patients with suspected drug intoxication presenting to SSM Health Saint Louis University Hospital,a quaternary care medical center,were positive for gabapentin,and nearly two thirds of those were also positive for *** a 6-month period,the incidence of gabapentin positive postmortem cases increased from 18%to 20%.Nearly all gabapentin positive postmortem cases were also positive for an opioid,the most significant being fentanyl,suggesting that gabapentin misuse may be due to its potentiating effect of opioid drug *** study also highlights the limited utility of immunoassay-based urine drug screens.

关键词： Forensic toxicology clinical toxicology substance misuse gabapentin urine drug screening postmortem mass spectrometry

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Black locust coppice stands homogenize soil diazotrophic communities by reducing soil net nitrogen mineralization

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第3期9卷 289-300页

作者： Kun Li Huimei tian W.Keith Moser Steven t.Overby L.scott Baggett Ruiqiang Ni Chuanrong Li Weixing Shen Mountain tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow RiverForestry College of Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an271018ShandongChina Rocky Mountain Research Station United States Forest Service2500 S.Pine Knoll Dr.FlagstaffAZ86001USA Rocky Mountain Research Station United States Forest Service240 West Prospect Fort CollinsCO80526USA Mount tai Scenic Spot Management Committee Tai'an271000ShandongChina

Background:Black locust(BL,Robinia pseudoacacia)is considered a promising tree species for reforestation due to its great ability to fix ***,after two or three coppice-harvesting rotations,the productivity of BL *** soil microbial communities are affected and how these groups correlate with the nitrogen mineralization process across multi-generation stands remains ***:We investigated the composition and structure of free-living nitrogen-fixing microorganisms(diazotrophs)by sequencing the marker gene nifH and compared these results to levels of soil nitrogen mineralization in the bulk soil and rhizosphere in black locust plantations on Mount tai,***:the results showed multi-generation BL coppice plantations decreased the total soil nitrogen(N),soil phosphorus(P),soil microbial biomass N(MBN),soil microbial biomass C(MBC),soil nitrification rate(Rn),soil ammonification rate(Ra),and net soil N mineralization rate(Rm),but significantly increased the concentration of soil NH_(4þ)-N to maintain sufficient NO_(3)^(-)*** dominant species in bulk soil and rhizosphere changed from Rhodopseudomonas(22.62%and 15.76%),unclassified_c_Alphaproteobacteria(22.37%and 29.28%),unclassified_o_Rhizobiales(15.40%and 13.31%),Bradyrhizobium(12.00%and 11.74%)in seedling plantations to Bradyrhizobium(45.95%and 47.86%)and Rhodopseudomonas(43.56%and 41.84%)in coppice plantations,*** test and Redundancy analysis(RDA)revealed that Rn,Ra,and Rm were the most important factors shaping the diazotrophic ***:Our results suggest that the multi-generation BL coppice plantation can homogenize soil diazotrophic communities,which is mainly regulated by the available N loss caused by nitrogen *** the management technology of coppice plantations will provide more beneficial external consumption.

关键词： Black locust plantation nifH gene Nitrogen mineralization Coppice Soil nutrient

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Antegrade bowel intussusception after remote Whipple and Puestow procedures for treatment of pancreas divisum

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第44期13卷 5954-5956页

作者： Manuel Gigena Hugo V Villar Negar G Knowles John t Cunningham Erik K Outwater Luis R Leon jr University of Arizona Health Science Center and Southern Arizona Veteran Affairs Health Care System Surgery Section Tucson AZ 85723 United States

to date, antegrade intussusception involving a Roux-en-Y reconstruction has been reported only once. We report a case of acute bowel obstruction due to an intussusception involving two Roux-en-Y limbs in a 40-year-old woman with a history of chronic pancreatitis due to pancreas divisum. Four years preceding this event, the patient had undergone a Whipple procedure, and three years prior to that, a Puestow operation. the patient was successfully treated with bowel resection and a side-to-side anastomosis between the most distal aspect of the bowel and the most distal Roux-en-Y reconstruction, which preserved both Roux-en-Y reconstructions.

关键词： Whipple procedure Puestow procedure Pancreas divisum Intussusception Bowel obstruction

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Noise-enhanced dynamic single leg balance in subjects with functional ankle instability

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2012年第2期1卷 102-106页

作者： scott Ross Brent Arnold Virginia Commonwealth University

Background:Stochastic resonance stimulation(SRS) transmits subsensory electrical Gaussian white noise into the body to enhance sensorimotor *** therapy has improved static single leg balance in subjects with functional ankle ***,the effect of this stimulation on dynamic single leg balance is not *** in dynamic single leg balance with SRS may have implications For enhancing functional rehabilitation for ankle ***,the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of SRS on dynamic single leg balance in subjects with functional ankle instability. Methods:this study was an experimental research design and data were collected in a sports medicine research *** subjects with functional ankle instability(69±15 kg;173±10 cm;21±2 years) reported a history of ankle sprains and instability at the ankle with physical activity.A single leg jump-landing test was used to assess dynamic *** were required to jump between 50% and 55% of the maximal vertical jump height,land on a single leg atop a force plate,and stabilize as quickly as ***-landing tests were performed with and without *** trials were performed for each treatment condition(SRS and control).A randomized block design was used to determine test ***/posterior and medial/lateral time-to-stabilization were computed to assess dynamic *** time indicated better ***-tailed paired samples t tests were used for analysis(α≤0.05). Results:SRS improved anterior/posterior time-to-stabilization(stochastic resonance = 1.32±0.31 s,control = 1.74±0.80 s,p = 0.03),but did not enhance medial/lateral time-to-stabilization(stochastic resonance = 1.95±0.40 s,control = 1.92±0.48 s,p = 0.07). Conclusion:Clinicians might use SRS to facilitate balance improvements with sagittal plane dynamic single leg balance exercises that patients may not be able to perform otherwise.

关键词： Chronic Posture Sprain Stochastic resonance

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the meteorologically abnormal year of 2006 and natural disasters in the Philippines

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Episodes 2008年第4期31卷 378-383页

作者： Graciano P. Yumul jr. Nathaniel A. Cruz Nathaniel t. Servando Carla B. Dimalanta National Institute of Geological Sciences College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Department of Science and Technology Quezon City Philippines

In the early part of 2006 the Philippines was hit by a La Nina event which brought floods, flashfloods and landslides. the most significant event was the February 2006 landslide that covered the whole community of Guinsaugon, in Southern Leyte, resulting in 154 deaths with 973 people still missing. Another rare event was the simultaneous presence of two tropical cyclones inside the Philippine Area of Responsibility （PAR） in August-- tropical Depression Bopha and tropical Storm Saomai--that enhanced the southwest monsoon. With the strong winds and high waves associated with the southwest mon- soon, an oil tanker, the M/t Solar 1, sank, resulting in the worst oil spill the country has ever suffered. Lastly, with a weak El Nino phenomenon forming in the Pacific Ocean and affecting the Philippines, a destructive typhoon, Xangsane, made a multi-landfall before hitting Metropolitan Manila. this was followed by the landfall of three superty- phoons--Cimaron, Chebi and Durian--during the last quarter of the year, bringing tremendous destruction of life and property. the occurrence of these weather events are attributed to climate variability the effects of which were exacerbated by a range of factors that include inappropriate land use.

关键词：菲律宾灾难洪水旋风气候反常

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Comparison of three Macroinvertebrate Sampling Methods for Use in Assessment of Water Quality Changes in Flashy Urban Streams

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第8期11卷 585-609页

作者： Roger Yeardley jr. scott Jacobs Ken Fritz William thoeny Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati USA Pegasus technical Services c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati USA

the unique challenges associated with sampling of macroinvertebrates in flashy urban streams create a methods gap. these streams form isolated pools for much of the year, interspersed with spates that scour and deposit excessive amounts of sediment. Commonly used stream grab sampling methods, such as nets and Hess and Surber fixed-area samplers, work well in wadable streams with perennial flow. Deployed samplers (Hester-Dendy, gravel tray) can be used in waters with or without flow. We evaluated three methods which don’t require stream flow: modified Hester-Dendy (MHD), gravel tray, and bucket (a type of cylinder grab sample method), for their potential use in bioassessment of a project involving daylighting of a 180-m culvert on Congress Run, a flashy urban tributary to Mill Creek in Cincinnati, Ohio. Method efficacy was measured using three criteria: usability (level of effort and recoverability of samplers), variability, and community retrieval completeness. the bucket method required the lowest level of effort and had the highest sample recovery. the bucket sampler had the lowest variability for most metrics, including the critical metric of taxa richness, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 20.9%. the MHD and tray samplers had taxa richness CVs of 42.9% and 53.9%, respectively. the bucket sampler also had the lowest CV (27.4%) for a multi-metric index. the bucket sampler performed best with respect to community retrieval completeness, with higher pooled and average taxa richness. the total number of taxa collected from all the replicate bucket grab samples (42) was greater than that collected by the HD and tray samplers combined (27). Multivariate analyses showed significant grouping with respect to methods and location. this study supports the bucket grab sampler method as a candidate for sampling of flashy urban streams.

关键词： Macroinvertebrate Methods Stream Urban Sampling Flow Hydrology

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Seguin Form Board as an intelligence tool for young children in an Indian urban slum

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第4期5卷 275-281页

作者： Beena Koshy Hannah Mary thomas t Prasanna Samuel Rajiv Sarkar scott Kendall Gagandeep Kang Developmental Paediatrics Christian Medical CollegeVelloreIndia Department of Biostatistics Christian Medical CollegeVelloreIndia Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences Christian Medical CollegeVelloreIndia University of California IrvineCAUSA

Objective:the present study evaluates the concurrent and predictive validity of the Seguin Form Board test(SFBt)as an intelligence tool for children in low-and middle-income ***:In a cohort of normal children,followed up in South India,two cross-sectional analyses were done at 3 and 7 years of age on 95 *** SFBt and Vineland Social Matu-rity Scale(VSMS)were done at 3 years of age and Malin’s Intelligence Scale for Indian Children(MISIC)and the VSMS were done at 7 years of age,and the results were compared for concurrent and predictive validity for the ***:Intelligence quotient and social quotient had positive correlations at 3 years of age,indicating fair concurrent *** SFBt done at around 3 years of age had good positive cor-relation with MISIC at 7 years of age,indicating good predictive ***:this study shows the utility of the SFBt as a community-based intelligence tool with acceptable concurrent and predictive validity.

关键词： Intelligence tests Seguin Form Board test Malin’s Intelligence Scale for Indian Children Vineland Social Maturity Scale

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QAUSt:Protein Function Prediction Using Structure Similarity,Protein Interaction,and Functional Motifs

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2021年第6期19卷 998-1011页

作者： Fatima Zohra Smaili Shuye tian Ambrish Roy Meshari Alazmi Stefan t.Arold Srayanta Mukherjee P.scott Hefty Wei Chen Xin Gao Computational Bioscience Research Center(CBRC) ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering(CEMSE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Department of Biology Southern University of Science and Technology of China(SUSTC)Shenzhen 518055China Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Ha’ilHa'il 55476Saudi Arabia Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering(BESE)Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Department of Molecular Bioscience University of KansasLawrenceKS 66047USA

the number of available protein sequences in public databases is increasing ***,a sig-nificant percentage of these sequences lack functional annotation,which is essential for the understanding of how bio-logical systems ***,we propose a novel method,Quantitative Annotation of Unknown Structure(QAUSt),to infer protein functions,specifically Gene Ontology(GO)terms and Enzyme Commission(EC)*** uses three sources of information:structure information encoded by global and local structure similarity search,biological network information inferred by protein–protein interaction data,and sequence information extracted from functionally discriminative sequence *** three pieces of information are combined by consensus averaging to make the final *** approach has been tested on 500 protein targets from the Critical Assessment of Functional Annotation(CAFA)benchmark *** results show that our method provides accurate functional annotation and outperforms other prediction methods based on sequence similarity search or *** further demonstrate that a previously unknown function of human tripartite motif-containing 22(tRIM22)protein predicted by QAUSt can be experimentally validated.

关键词： Protein function prediction GO term EC number Protein structure similarity Functionally discriminative motif

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A modified intron of VRt2 drives glume and grain elongation in wheat

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Molecular Plant 2021年第9期14卷 1421-1423页

作者： Laura E.Dixon scott A.Boden Faculty of Biological Sciences University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK School of Agriculture Food and WineWaite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSA 5064Australia

Yield is a complex trait that is determined predominantly by the number,size,and weight of grain produced by a plant,which are all in fluenced by multiple genes and environ mental *** cereals,grain size is in flue need by envir on mental signals including nutrient availability and temperature,and by variation for genes that control the dimensions of a grain or the size of floral organs(e.g.,Heang and Sassa,2012;Brinton et al.,2017;Adamski et al.,2021;Liu et al.,2021;Xiao et al.,2021).three recent studies have investigated subspecies of tetrapioid and hexapioid wheat that produce Ion ger grains,which form in florets that contain elongated floral structures(Adamski et al.,2021;Liu et al.,2021;Xiao et al.,2021);their findings provide new understanding of the genes controlling floret architecture,which could be used by breeders to enhance grain size and yield.

关键词： grain organs wheat

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